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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2018-97-10-976-978</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1005</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Альтерация ткани головного мозга и печени белых крыс при свинцовой интоксикации в динамике эксперимента</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alteration of the brain and liver tissue of albino rats with lead intoxication in the dynamics of the experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-8060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Евгений Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>Evgeny A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований».</p><p>e-mail: G57097@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, senior researcher of the Laboratory of biomodeling and translational medicine of the Eastern-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: G57097@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">G57097@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9686-3841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимова</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimova</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-6292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eastern-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>976</fpage><lpage>978</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Титов Е.А., Якимова Н.Л., Новиков М.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Титов Е.А., Якимова Н.Л., Новиков М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Titov E.A., Yakimova N.L., Novikov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1005">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1005</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Свинцовая нейроинтоксикация является одной из самых распространённых интоксикаций тяжёлыми металлами. Свинец является глобальным антропогенным загрязнителем. Основной причиной свинцового загрязнения окружающей среды является его широкое использование в производственной деятельности человека. Свинец способен аккумулироваться в окружающей среде и организмах. Наиболее чувствительными к воздействию свинца на организм являются центральная нервная система, система детоксикации и выведения, система гемопоэза. В данной работе представлены результаты экспериментального моделирования токсического действия ацетата свинца на организм белых крыс. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Животные, средней массой 200 г, с водой получали ацетат свинца в дозе 70,5 мг/кг. Методами обзорной гистологии определялись структурные нарушения в ткани головного мозга и печени. Обследование проводилось в два срока: непосредственно после окончания воздействия и спустя 9 недель в отдалённом постконтактном периоде. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В результате эксперимента выявлено нарушение кровообращения в сосудах, увеличение числа звездчатых макрофагов Купфера и полиядерных гепатоцитов в печени, а также снижение общего числа нейронов в ткани головного мозга, развитие в ткани головного мозга периваскулярного отёка с формированием креблюр и диапедезом форменных элементов крови в периваскулярное пространство. Отмечается увеличение числа актов нейронофагии. При этом число дегенеративно изменённых нейронов не отличалось от контрольных значений. </p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Таким образом, воздействие свинца на организм характеризуется нарушением функций кровеносной системы, развитием выраженной макрофагальной реакции в ткани печени и гибелью нейронов коры головного мозга. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что при воздействии высоких доз ацетата свинца в ткани печени подопытных животных возникают компенсаторные процессы, сохраняющиеся в отдалённом постконтактном периоде.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Lead intoxication is one of the most common intoxications with heavy metals. Lead is a global anthropogenic pollutant. The widespread use of lead in human production activities is the main cause of lead pollution of the environment. Lead is capable of the accumulation in the environment and organisms. Central nervous system, detoxification, and excretion systems and hematopoietic system are the most sensitive to lead exposure. The results of experimental modeling of the toxic effect of lead acetate on the organism of albino rats are presented in this paper.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Animals with an average mass of 200 g received lead acetate in a dose of 70.5 mg/kg with water. Structural disorders in the brain and liver tissues were determined by methods of review histology. The examination was carried out in two terms — immediately after the end of the exposure and after 9 weeks in a remote post-contact period.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The disorder of blood circulation in blood vessels, an increase in the number of stellate macrophages in the Kupffer cells and polynuclear hepatocytes in the liver, and a decrease in the total number of neurons in the brain tissue, development of perivascular edema in the brain tissue and diapedesis of formed blood elements in the perivascular space were revealed as a result of an experiment. There is an increase in the number of neuronophagy acts. In this case, the number of degenerately altered neurons did not differ from the control values.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. Thus, the effect of lead on the body is characterized by a violation of the functions of the circulatory system, the development of a pronounced macrophage response in the liver tissue and death of neurons in the cerebral cortex. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained data indicate compensatory processes in the liver tissue of experimental animals to arise under the influence of high doses of lead acetate and persist in a remote post-contact period.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ацетат свинца</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>токсикология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lead acetate</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>toxicology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han Z.X., Guo X.Y., Zhang B.M.; Liao J.G., Nie L.S. Blood lead levels of children in urban and suburban areas in China (1997-2015): Temporal and spatial variations and influencing factors. Science of the Total Environment. 2018; 625: 1659-1666.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han Z.X., Guo X.Y., Zhang B.M.; Liao J.G., Nie L.S. 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