medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-9-956-960medlit-1020Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHИспользование микроядерного теста для оценки состояния пародонта у работников, подвергающихся воздействию вредных веществAssessment of periodontal conditions in workers exposed to harmful substances using the micronucleus testhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6031-5683ЗайдуллинИскандер ИльдаровичZaydullinIskander I.

Врач стоматолог-терапевт консультативно-поликлинического отделения, мл. науч. сотр. отдела медицины труда, ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека», 450106, Уфа.

e-mail: iskanderdent@yahoo.com

Dental therapist, researcher of the department occupational medicine of the Ufa Scientific Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation.

e-mail: iskanderdent@yahoo.com

iskanderdent@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-8260КаримоваЛ. К.KarimovaLilija K.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-8617КабироваМ. Ф.KabirovaMilyausha F.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-5312СадртдиноваГ. Р.SadrtdinovaGuzjal’ R.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4658-545XГалимоваР. Р.GalimovaRasima R.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-5625ВалееваЭ. Т.ValeevaElvira T.noemail@neicon.ruФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»Ufa Scientific Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human EcologyФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииDepartment of therapeutic dentistry of the Bashkir State Medical University202020102020999956960Copyright © Зайдуллин И.И., Каримова Л.К., Кабирова М.Ф., Садртдинова Г.Р., Галимова Р.Р., Валеева Э.Т., 20202020Зайдуллин И.И., Каримова Л.К., Кабирова М.Ф., Садртдинова Г.Р., Галимова Р.Р., Валеева Э.Т.Zaydullin I.I., Karimova L.K., Kabirova M.F., Sadrtdinova G.R., Galimova R.R., Valeeva E.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1020

Целью данного исследования являлось выявление возможности использования микроядерного теста для оценки воздействия вредных химических веществ на состояние тканей пародонта работников горно-обогатительного комбината.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Стоматологическое обследование проведено у 40 работников горно-обогатительного комбината, подвергавшихся воздействию вредных веществ при стаже более 10 лет, 36 работников комбината со временем контакта не более 10 лет и 46 человек со здоровым пародонтом. Проводили анализ клеток буккального эпителия на наличие хромосомных аберраций с помощью микроядерного теста.

Результаты

Результаты. Распространённость воспалительных заболеваний тканей пародонта в группах работников комбината составила 100%. Установлено статистически значимое различие частоты встречаемости клеток с микроядрами и протрузиями ядра в группе стажированных работников по сравнению с другими группами (p = 0,001). Частота клеток с двумя ядрами у работников находилась на одном уровне и значительно превышала значение показателя в группе лиц со здоровым пародонтом (p = 0,002 и p = 0,006). Частота встречаемости клеток с вакуолизацией ядра в группе работников со стажем свыше 10 лет более чем в два раза превышала показатель группы лиц со здоровым пародонтом (p = 0,009).

Заключение

Заключение. Значительное влияние на развитие и течение воспалительных заболеваний пародонта у работников горно-обогатительного комплекса оказывают производственные факторы. Проведённые исследования с использованием микроядерного теста свидетельствуют о негативном влиянии комплекса вредных веществ на развитие и течение воспалительных заболеваний пародонта.

The purpose of this study was to identify the possibility of using a micronucleus test to assess the impact of harmful chemicals on the condition of periodontal tissues of employees of a mining and processing plant.

Material and methods

Material and methods. Dental examination was conducted for 40 employees of the mining and processing plant, exposed to harmful substances with an experience of more than 10 years, 36 employees of the plant with a contact time of not more than 10 years, and 46 people with a healthy periodontium. The analysis of buccal epithelial cells for the presence of chromosomal aberrations using the micronucleus test.

Results

Results. The prevalence of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues in the groups of workers of the plant was 100%. A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of cells with micronuclei and protrusions of the nucleus in the group of internship workers compared with other groups (p = 0.001). The frequency of cells with two nuclei in the workers of the plant in the groups was at the same level and significantly exceeded the value of the index for a group of people with a healthy periodontium (p = 0.002 and p = 0.006). The frequency of occurrence of cells with vacuolization of the nucleus in a group of workers with an experience of more than 10 years more than doubles that of a group of individuals with a healthy periodontium (p = 0.009).

Conclusion

Conclusion. Occupational factors have a significant impact on the development and course of inflammatory periodontal diseases in mining and processing complex employees. Studies using the micronuclear test indicate a negative impact of a complex of harmful substances on the development and course of inflammatory periodontal diseases.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.