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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-4-337-343</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-107</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные причины смертности, обусловленной загрязнением воздуха</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Leading air pollution related reasons of death</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1823-8952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салтыкова</surname><given-names>Марина Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saltykova</surname><given-names>Marina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. лаб. экологической физиологии, биоклиматологии и арктической медицины ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: Marinams2002@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., head of the laboratory of ecological physiology, bioclimatology and arctic medicine of the Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: Marinams2002@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Marinams2002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-4300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балакаева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakaeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федичкина</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedichkina</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-4010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобровницкий</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrovnitskii</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» ФМБА России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks» of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>337</fpage><lpage>343</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салтыкова М.М., Балакаева А.В., Федичкина Т.П., Бобровницкий И.П., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салтыкова М.М., Балакаева А.В., Федичкина Т.П., Бобровницкий И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saltykova M.M., Balakaeva A.V., Fedichkina T.P., Bobrovnitskii I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/107">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/107</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данной работы являлся анализ влияния загрязнения атмосферного воздуха на структуру причин смертности от основных неинфекционных заболеваний в городах Российской Федерации.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В ходе исследования была проанализирована смертность лиц трудоспособного возраста (со стратификацией по полу и причинам смерти) в парах городов, таких, что в городах каждой пары природные и социально-экономические условия были сходными, а уровень загрязнения воздуха в одном городе существенно превосходил уровень загрязнения в другом. Были сформированы следующие пары городов («грязный» - «относительно чистый»): Братск - Киров; Нижний Тагил - Киров; Новокузнецк - Томск; Чита - Томск; Магнитогорск - Оренбург; Череповец - Вологда. В анализ были включены данные о смертности от болезней системы кровообращения, органов дыхания и онкологических заболеваний, поскольку, по данным ВОЗ, загрязнение атмосферного воздуха влияет прежде всего на смертность от ишемической болезни сердца, инсульта, хронической обструктивной болезни лёгких и рака лёгкого.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Смертность лиц трудоспособного возраста от болезней системы кровообращения, прежде всего от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, достоверно выше в городах с высоким уровнем загрязнения по сравнению с городами с более низким уровнем загрязнения и сходными природно-климатическими и социально-экономическими условиями. Смертность мужчин от цереброваскулярных заболеваний в группе «грязных» городов выше, чем в городах сравнения в 4 из 6 пар сравнения. При этом различия в смертности женщин менее выражены и выявлены в 2 из 6 пар сравнения. Различия в смертности от онкологических заболеваний выявлены в 4 из 6 пар сравнения для женщин и в 2 из 6 пар сравнения для мужчин.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анализ смертности, проведённый с использованием попарного сравнения городов, показал, что загрязнение атмосферного воздуха в наибольшей степени влияет на смертность от болезней системы кровообращения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of air pollution on the structure of reasons of death from major non communicable diseases in cities of the Russian Federation.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study analyzed the mortality of people of working age (with stratification by gender and causes of death) in pairs of cities, with matching the cities of each pair by the climatic and socio-economic conditions, but the level of air pollution in one city significantly exceeded the level of pollution in another. The following pairs of cities were formed (“dirty” - “relatively clean”): Bratsk-Kirov; Nizhny Tagil-Kirov; Novokuznetsk-Tomsk; Chita-Tomsk; Magnitogorsk - Orenburg, Cherepovets-Vologda. The analysis included data on the mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and oncological diseases, since according to WHO, air pollution primarily affects mortality from coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The mortality rate of people of working age from diseases of the circulatory system, primarily from cardiovascular diseases, is significantly higher in cities with a high level of pollution compared with cities with a lower level of pollution and similar climatic and socio-economic conditions. The mortality rate of men from cerebrovascular diseases in the group of dirty cities is higher than in compared cities in 4 out of 6 studied pairs. Moreover, differences in the mortality rate in women were less pronounced, they were revealed in 2 out of 6 compared pairs. The differences in mortality from oncological diseases were detected in 4 out of 6 comparison pairs for women and 2 out of 6 compared pairs for men.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. An analysis of the mortality used pairwise comparison of cities showed air pollution to most affect on the mortality from diseases of the circulatory system.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>загрязнение атмосферного воздуха</kwd><kwd>смертность населения</kwd><kwd>причины смерти</kwd><kwd>болезни системы кровообращения</kwd><kwd>болезни органов дыхания</kwd><kwd>онкологические заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>air pollution</kwd><kwd>mortality rate</kwd><kwd>causes of death</kwd><kwd>circulatory system diseases</kwd><kwd>respiratory diseases</kwd><kwd>oncological diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Ambient air pollution: A global assessment of exposure and burden of disease. 2016. ISBN: 9789241511353. 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