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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-4-368-378</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние поллютантов на биохимические свойства микроорганизмов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of pollutants on biochemical properties of microorganisms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-9300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>Оксана Витальевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boiko</surname><given-names>Oksana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры биологической химии ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет», 414000, Астрахань.</p><p>e-mail: oboyko08@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD., PhD., Associate Professor of the Department of Biochemistry, Astrakhan State Medical University, 121 Bakinskaya Str., 414000, Astrakhan, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: oboyko08@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oboyko08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6016-7246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доценко</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dotsenko</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-4806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудинская</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudinskaya</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3662-7724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boiko</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7445-0598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедзянова</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamedzyanova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-7658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козак</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozak</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8151-9466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стенькин</surname><given-names>Ф. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stenkin</surname><given-names>F. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>368</fpage><lpage>378</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бойко О.В., Доценко Ю.И., Гудинская Н.И., Бойко В.И., Мухамедзянова Р.И., Козак Д.М., Стенькин Ф.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бойко О.В., Доценко Ю.И., Гудинская Н.И., Бойко В.И., Мухамедзянова Р.И., Козак Д.М., Стенькин Ф.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Boiko O.V., Dotsenko Y.I., Gudinskaya N.I., Boiko V.I., Mukhamedzyanova R.I., Kozak D.M., Stenkin F.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/112">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/112</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Развитие способов определения опасности веществ, загрязняющих окружающую среду, альтернативных рутинным методам оценки здоровья различных профессиональных групп людей и тестам на лабораторных животных, оценивалось и обобщалось в ряде специальных работ, и конкретных фактических данных в этом направлении накапливается всё больше. Анализ патогенных характеристик микрофлоры, изолируемой из загрязнённых местообитаний или изменённой под воздействием поллютантов, позволяет не только оценить опасность возникновения заболеваний микробной этиологии, но и установить влияние на этот процесс модифицирующих факторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Наши исследования проводились на 150 культурах Klebsiella pneumoniae, подвергшихся воздействию диэтаноламина, фенола, серной и азотной кислот, взятых на уровне их ПДК. В качестве контроля использовались те же культуры, но не прошедшие инкубацию с поллютантами. Факторы патогенности определялись традиционными методами и методами в собственной модификации (РНКазная активность) с использованием стандартных реактивов, наборов и сред.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После контакта со всеми поллютантами выявлено достоверное повышение адгезивной, антииммуноглобулиновой, лизоцимной, антилизоцимной, РНКазной активности микроорганизмов, способности противостоять антибактериальному действию сыворотки крови, а также повреждающему действию лактоферрина. Возросла способность бактерий к синтезу вещества, иммунологически сходного с лактоферрином человека. В то же время липазная активность, относимая преимущественно к факторам, определяющим способность бактерий выживать во внешней среде, снизилась.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Таким образом, резюмируя результаты работы, необходимо отметить следующее: биохимия бактерий, будучи самостоятельным и цельным разделом современной микробиологии, увязывает в единый узел, казалось бы, далёкие друг от друга вопросы: изменения факторов патогенности и персистенции микроорганизмов и техногенную изменчивость окружающей среды. Весьма актуальная сегодня, эта проблема может многократно обостриться в ходе дальнейшего научно-технического прогресса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The development of different ways of identifying hazard of substances, polluting the environment, that are alternative to routine methods for assessing health of different professional groups of people, as well as to tests on laboratory animals, has been assessed and summarized in a number of papers, and there is a growing volume of actual data on this issue. The analyzing pathogenic properties of microflora, isolated from polluted habitats or changed under the effect of pollutants, allows both assessing the risk of diseases with microbial etiology and identifying the influence of modifying factors on this process. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The research was performed on 150 cultures of Klebsiella pneumoniae, exposed to diethanolamine, phenol, sulfuric and nitric acids, taken at the level of their threshold limit value. The same cultures incubated without pollutants were used as a control group. Pathogenic factors were determined with the use of traditional methods, our modified methods (RNAase activity) and standard agents, kits and media. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The contact with all the pollutants resulted in a fair increase in adhesive, anti-Ig, lysozyme, anti-lysozyme and RNAase activities of microorganisms, their resistance to antibacterial action of blood serum, as well as to damaging action of lactoferrin. The bacteria increased their ability to synthesize a substance, immunologically similar to human lactoferrin. At the same time, there was a decrease in lipase activity, primarily referred to factors determining the bacterial ability to survive in the environment.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. Therefore, the paper results can be presented as follows: being an independent and holistic section of modern microbiology, bacterial biochemistry unites the issues appeared to be far from each other – changes in factors of pathogenicity and persistence of microorganisms and technogenic changeability of the environment. Being quite urgent today, this problem may become aggravated in the course of further technological progress.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поллютанты</kwd><kwd>микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>биохимия бактерий</kwd><kwd>факторы патогенности</kwd><kwd>диэтаноламин</kwd><kwd>фенол</kwd><kwd>серная кислота</kwd><kwd>азотная кислота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pollutants</kwd><kwd>microorganisms</kwd><kwd>bacterial biochemistry</kwd><kwd>pathogenic factors</kwd><kwd>diethanolamine</kwd><kwd>phenol</kwd><kwd>sulfuric&#13;
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(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
