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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-12-1446-1453</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1147</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Показатели окислительного стресса при интраназальном введении крысам растворов противогололёдного реагента</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Indices of oxidative stress under intranasal administration of deicing reagent solutions in rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-3085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрипач</surname><given-names>Людмила Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khripach</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. лаб. биохимических и молекулярно-генетических методов исследования ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: LKhripach@cspmz.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., Head of the laboratory of biochemical and molecular genetics methods, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: LKhripach@cspmz.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lkhripach@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-5753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водянова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodyanova</surname><given-names>Mariia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-5018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князева</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazeva</surname><given-names>Tatiana D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-8110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коганова</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koganova</surname><given-names>Zoya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-1755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маковецкая</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makovetskaya</surname><given-names>Anna K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7032-1366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савостикова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savostikova</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-8382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-9010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6540-6015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамонов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamonov</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-0265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малюгина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyugina</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» ФМБА России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1446</fpage><lpage>1453</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хрипач Л.В., Водянова М.А., Князева Т.Д., Коганова З.И., Маковецкая А.К., Савостикова О.Н., Алексеева А.В., Ушакова О.В., Мамонов Р.А., Малюгина А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хрипач Л.В., Водянова М.А., Князева Т.Д., Коганова З.И., Маковецкая А.К., Савостикова О.Н., Алексеева А.В., Ушакова О.В., Мамонов Р.А., Малюгина А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khripach L.V., Vodyanova M.A., Knyazeva T.D., Koganova Z.I., Makovetskaya A.K., Savostikova O.N., Alekseeva A.V., Ushakova O.V., Mamonov R.A., Malyugina A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1147">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1147</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Применение противогололёдных реагентов (ПГР) является эффективной мерой снижения травматизма населения, но требует совершенствования методов оценки их безопасности. </p><p>Цель исследования – изучить показатели окислительного стресса в крови крыс при апробации интраназального (и/н) пути введения растворов ПГР как одной из возможных моделей их поступления в натурных условиях на примере жидкого ПГР хлоридной группы (22% CaCl2; 6% NaCl).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Самцам крыс Wistar (по 10 крыс в группе) ежедневно вводили в полость носа по 100 мкл растворов ПГР в концентрациях (С) 0; 0,75; 7,5 и 75 мл/л водопроводной воды. Через 5 и 28 дней после начала эксперимента определяли содержание в гемолизатах малонового диальдегида (МДА), восстановленного глутатиона (GSH), активность супероксиддисмутазы (СОД), каталазы, глутатионпероксидазы (ГПО) и глутатионредуктазы (ГР). Для регрессионного анализа зависимостей доза-эффект использовали логарифмическую трансформацию х = lg(С + 0,01) + 2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 5 дней после начала опыта в гемолизатах крыс наблюдали адаптивные дозозависимые изменения активности СОД (R = –0,504; p = 0,001); ГР (R = 0,548; p &lt; 0,001) и каталазы (R = 0,725; p &lt; 0,001); через 28 дней – дозозависимое увеличение содержания МДА (R = 0,617; p &lt; 0,001) и активности ГПО (R = 0,326; p = 0,04). Выявленные эффекты, по-видимому, обусловлены наличием в ПГР дополнительных компонентов (детергентов, ингибиторов коррозии и т. п.), поскольку достоверные различия с контролем найдены и при минимальной концентрации 0,75 мл/л (СNa+ в 200 раз ниже, чем в физрастворе; СCa2+ эквивалентна содержанию в сыворотке). В частности, резкое увеличение активности каталазы через 5 дней может отражать её участие в метаболизме формиатов (часто используемой противокоррозионной добавки) в условиях их введения в обход портальной вены.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При и/н введении крысам растворов изучаемого ПГР хлоридной группы в концентрациях 0,75–75 мл/л выявлены отчётливые дозозависимые признаки компенсированного (5 дней) и декомпенсированного (28 дней) окислительного стресса, предположительно за счёт наличия в ПГР дополнительных компонентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The use of road deicing reagents (RDR) is an effective measure to reduce winter traumatism and requires enhancement of methods for evaluation of deicers safety. </p></sec><sec><title>The aim of investigation</title><p>The aim of investigation: to study markers of oxidative stress in rat blood samples during intranasal (i/n) administration of RDR solutions, as a model of intake under natural conditions, using liquid commercial RDR (22% CaCl2; 6% NaCl). </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Male Wistar rats (10 rats per group) were daily injected into the nasal cavity with 100 μl of RDR solutions in concentrations (C) 0; 0.75; 7.5 and 75 ml per liter of tap water. 5 and 28 days after the start of the experiment, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH, the activity of SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPO) and glutathione reductase (GR) in the hemolysates were determined. Logarithmic transformation х=lg(С+0.01)+2 was used for regression analysis of dose - effect relations. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 5 days after the start of the experiment, adaptive dose-dependent changes in activities of SOD (R = -0.504; p=0.001); GR (R = 0.548; p&lt;0,001) and catalase (R=0.725; p&lt;0,001) were revealed, and after 28 days these effects were replaced by dose-dependent increase in MDA content (R=0.617; p&lt;0,001) and GPO activity (R=0.326; p=0.04). The revealed effects, apparently, are due to the presence of additional RDR components (such as detergents, corrosion inhibitors, etc.), since significant differences with corresponding control groups were found also during administration of 0.75 ml RDR per liter (CNa+ 200 times lower than in saline solution; CCa2+ equivalent to its serum content). In particular, sharp increase in catalase activity after 5 days may be indirect evidence of anticorrosive formates metabolism (commonly used anti-corrosive additive) in the conditions of their entry bypassing the portal vein.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. I/n administration of the studied RDR solutions (0.75-75 ml/L) gave distinct dose-dependent signs of compensated (5 days) and decompensated (28 days) oxidative stress, presumably due to the presence of additional components besides of basic chlorides.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>противогололёдные реагенты</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>интраназальное введение</kwd><kwd>кровь</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>малоновый диальдегид</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантные ферменты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>deicing reagent</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>intranasal administration</kwd><kwd>blood</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>malondialdehyde</kwd><kwd>antioxidant enzymes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сосенкина И.М., Осокин Н.А., Климентова А.Ю. Экономические последствия гололедного травматизма в регионах РФ. 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