medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-4-390-393medlit-115Research ArticleЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯPOPULATION HEALTHЭффективность медикаментозного и немедикаментозного метода лечения табачной зависимости среди медицинских работниковEffectiveness of drug and non-drug treatment of tobacco dependence among physicians and nurseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3479-3753ЗахароваЛариса АлександровнаZakharovaLarisa A.

Ассистент кафедры сестринского дела Института психолого-социальной работы ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский ГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова МЗ РФ (Сеченовский университет)», 119991, Москва.

e-mail: gsnd9@mail.ru

MD, аssistant of the Department of Nursing, Institute of Psychological and Social Work of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.

e-mail: gsnd9@mail.ru

gsnd9@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8388-4408ИбатовА. Д.IbatovA. D.noemail@neicon.ruФедеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет)»I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)202026052020994390393Copyright © Захарова Л.А., Ибатов А.Д., 20202020Захарова Л.А., Ибатов А.Д.Zakharova L.A., Ibatov A.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/115Введение

Введение. Статья посвящена оценке эффективности медикаментозного и немедикаментозного метода лечения табачной зависимости среди медицинских работников.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. В исследование включен 621 медицинский работник, работающий в медицинском учреждении г. Москвы, средний возраст составил 48,3 ± 5,6 года, из них было 237 мужчин и 384 женщины, 207 врачей и 414 медицинских сестёр. Медицинские работники были разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от используемой антисмокинговой программы. В первую группу вошли 316 медицинских работников, которые получали немедикаментозные методы лечения: психосоциальную поддержку, использующую когнитивные аспекты; психотерапию; дыхательную гимнастику; иглорефлексотерапию; увеличение физической активности. Во вторую группу вошли 305 медицинских работников, которые, кроме немедикаментозных методов (описанных выше), получала лечение варениклином (препарат Чампикс® – таблетки) и при необходимости никотинзаместительную терапию.

Результаты

Результаты. Во 2-й группе 195 (64%) человек из 305 человек полностью отказались от курения, в 1-й группе медицинских работников, получающих немедикаментозную терапию, 177 (56%) человек из 316 человек полностью отказались от курения; (ОШ 1,40, 95% ДИ 1,01–1,93; р = 0,0423). Через 6 мес после окончания лечебной программы опять начали курить в 1-й группе 26,7% (84 медицинских работника), во 2-й группе – 10,2% (31 медицинский работник) (ОШ 3,02, 95% ДИ 2,05–5,02; р < 0,00001).

Заключение

Заключение. Таким образом, антисмокинговая программа, включающая медикаментозное лечение варениклином и при необходимости никотинзаместительную терапию, а также немедикаментозные воздействия, в том числе психосоциальную поддержку, психотерапию, дыхательную гимнастику, иглорефлексотерапию, увеличение физической активности, показала более высокую эффективность по сравнению с антисмокинговой программой без варениклина, более того, высокая эффективность сохранялась и после проведённого лечения на протяжении 6 мес.

Introduction

Introduction. The article is devoted to assessing the effectiveness of drug and non-drug treatment of tobacco dependence in health care workers.

Material and methods

Material and methods. The study included 621 medical workers (237 men and 384 women) working in hospitals in Moscow, at the average age of 48.3 ± 5.6 years, including 207 doctors and 414 nurses. The medical workers were divided into 2 groups depending on the anti-smoking program used. The first group consisted of 316 medical workers who received non-drug methods of treatment: psychosocial support, using cognitive aspects; psychotherapy; breathing exercises; acupuncture; increase physical activity. The second group consisted of 305 medical workers who, in addition to non-drug methods (described above), received Varenicline treatment (Champix® - tablets) and, if necessary, nicotine replacement therapy.

Results

Results. In medical workers from the 2nd group, besides non-pharmacological therapy, received the drug Varenicline, 195 out of 305 (64%) persons completely stopped smoking; In the 1st group of Medical workers receiving non-drug therapy, 177 out of 316 (56% ) cases completely quit smoking (OR= 1.40; 95% CI: 1.01-1.93; р=0.0423). 6 months after the end of the treatment program, in the first group 84 (26.7%) medical workers) in the 2nd group - 31 medical workers (10.2%) restarted smoking, (OR=3.02, 95% CI: 2.05-5.02; р<0.00001).

Conclusion

Conclusion. Thus, the antismoking program, including drug Varenicline and, if necessary, nicotine-replacement therapy, as well as non-drug effects, including psycho-social support; psychotherapy; breathing exercises; acupuncture; an increase in physical activity showed higher efficacy compared with the antismoking program without Varenicline, moreover, high efficacy remained even after the treatment carried out for 6 months.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.