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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-4-394-398</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная характеристика функционального состояния вегетативной и центральной нервной систем у учащихся в зависимости от наличия и степени миопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative characteristics of the functional state of the Autonomous and Central nervous systems depending on the presence and degree of myopia in students</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-2164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сетко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Setko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8215-8674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булычева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulycheva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры гигиены и эпидемиологии ФГБОУ ВО ОрГМУ Минздрава России, 460000, Оренбург.</p><p>e-mail: e-sosnina@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., Associate professor of the department of hygiene and epidemiology of the Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: e-sosnina@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e-sosnina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-0674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ясин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yasin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апрелев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aprelev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>394</fpage><lpage>398</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сетко Н.П., Булычева Е.В., Ясин И.А., Апрелев А.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сетко Н.П., Булычева Е.В., Ясин И.А., Апрелев А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Setko N.P., Bulycheva E.V., Yasin I.A., Aprelev A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/116">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/116</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В связи с растущей распространённостью близорукости среди детей и подростков, которая в некоторых странах уже достигает эпидемического уровня, существует острая необходимость в новых подходах к управлению и поиска скрининговых индикаторов риска её развития и ключевых точек в её стабилизации. С учётом факта того, что развитие и прогрессирование миопии может быть связано с вегетативными влияниями нервной системы, становится актуальным исследование особенностей становления вегетативного статуса у детей в зависимости от наличия и степени близорукости.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. У 380 учащихся 5–10-х классов с миопией слабой степени (1-я группа), с миопией средней степени (2-я группа), без миопии (3-я группа) проведена оценка функционального состояния вегетативной нервной системы по показателям вариабельности сердечного ритма и центральной нервной системы и умственной работоспособности с помощью вариационной хронорефлексометрии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Максимальное число учащихся с миопией зафиксировано у восьмиклассников – 40%, а также пятиклассников – 39,4%. Установлено, что по мере усиления миопической рефракции у школьников нарастает дисбаланс вегетативной нервной системы. Так, у 42,8% учащихся с миопией лёгкой степени имела место ваготония, у 42% – эйтония и лишь у 15,2% симпатикотония; в то время как у учащихся с миопией средней степени тяжести в 75% случаев выявлено напряжение систем регуляции за счёт чрезмерного тонуса симпатического отдела вегетативной нервной системы, приводящей к неэкономной работе сердечно-сосудистой системы и резкому снижению функциональных резервов организма у 50–70% учащихся.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Рассмотрение взаимосвязи миопии с вегетативным статусом и функциональным состоянием центральной нервной системы предлагает новые направления к существующим концепциям управления миопией среди детей и подростков школьного возраста, которые могут стать отправной точкой для решения проблемы профилактики миопии и её прогрессирования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In children and adolescents myopia in some countries already reached epidemic levels due to the growing prevalence is an urgent need for new approaches to management and search for screening indics of its development risk and key points in its stabilization. Taking into account the development and progression of myopia may be associated with autonomous influences of the nervous system, it becomes relevant to study the features of the autonomous status formation in children, depending on the presence and degree of myopia. </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The functional state of the autonomic nervous system in 380 5-10 grades students with low degree myopia (group 1), moderate myopia (group 2), and without myopia (group 3) was assessed by heart rate and central nervous system variability and mental performance using variation chronoreflexometry. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The maximum number (40%) was recorded in eighth grade of myopia students, 39.4% cases - in fifth grade students. An imbalance in the autonomic nervous system in schoolchildren was established to increase with growing myopic refraction. Thus, vagotonia occurred in 42.8% of students with low degree myopia, eutonia - in 42%, and sympathicotonia only in 15.2%. While in students with moderate myopia in 75% of cases the constraint of regulation systems was revealed due to excessive tone of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system, which leads to uneconomic work of the cardiovascular system and a sharp decrease in the functional reserves of the body in 50% -70% of students. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Consideration of the relationship of myopia with the autonomous status and functional state of the сentral nervous system offers new directions to the existing concepts of myopia management in children and adolescents of school age, which can be a starting point for solving the problem of prevention of myopia and its progression.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>учащиеся</kwd><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>вегетативный баланс</kwd><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>students</kwd><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>autonomic balance</kwd><kwd>central nervous system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скоблина Н.А., Добрук И.В., Цамерян А.П. и соавт. Использование технологий «Кабинет охраны зрения детей» в образовательной организации. 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