medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-3-253-258medlit-125Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENEГенотоксические свойства фторид-иона (обзор литературы)Genotoxic properties of fluorines (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8376-1064КалюжнаяЕ. Э.KalyuzhnayaE. E.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5630-3196ПросековА. Ю.ProsekovA. Yu.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-9882ВолобаевВалентин ПавловичVolobaevValentin P.

Младший научный сотрудник научно-инновационного управления ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет», 650000, Кемерово.

e-mail: volobaev.vp@gmail.com

MD, junior researcher of the department of the «Kemerovo State University», Kemerovo, 650000, Russian Federation

e-mail: volobaev.vp@gmail.com

volobaev.vp@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кемеровский государственный университет»Kemerovo State University, Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education202020042020993253258Copyright © Калюжная Е.Э., Просеков А.Ю., Волобаев В.П., 20202020Калюжная Е.Э., Просеков А.Ю., Волобаев В.П.Kalyuzhnaya E.E., Prosekov A.Y., Volobaev V.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/125Введение

Введение. Избыточное содержание в среде обитания человека и профессиональный контакт с фтором являются актуальной и недооценённой проблемой. Фторид-ион способен вытеснять гидроксильную группу из гидроксиапатитов кальция, формируя устойчивые кристаллы смешанной формы апатита, индуцируя патологию костной ткани – флюороз. Несмотря на большую распространённость флюороза, имеются лишь единичные работы, обсуждающие способность фторид-иона индуцировать повышение уровня генотоксических эффектов. В то же время подобные исследования актуальны в связи с прямой корреляцией между генетической нестабильностью и риском канцерогенеза.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Был проведён поиск литературы по следующим запросам: «фтор, фториды, фторид-ион, повреждение ДНК, генетические повреждения, генотоксичность». Поиск проведён по базам данных PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase и Google Scholar для различных статей (все публикации до июня 2018 г.). Все публикации были проанализированы и включены в этот обзор.

В обзоре рассматриваются результаты исследований, направленных на изучение способности фтора индуцировать повреждения ДНК, публиковавшиеся с 50-х годов ХХ века по настоящее время. Рассматривается совокупность данных о генотоксических и в том числе мутагенных свойствах фтора, наблюдаемых в результате in vitro и in vivo исследований. Резюмируется, что при концентрациях в питьевой воде более 1 мМ фторид-ион обладает способностью индуцировать повреждения ДНК и увеличивать частоту кластогенных эффектов у человека и больших обезьян. В то же время для значимого увеличения генотоксических эффектов у грызунов требуются большие концентрации фторидов. Описываются основные гипотезы о механизмах генотоксических свойств элемента.

Заключение

Заключение. С учётом анализа результатов опубликованных работ можно отметить, что фторид-ион, очевидно, обладает рядом генотоксических характеристик и может обладать мутагенными свойствами при хроническом контакте с клеточными объектами. Нераскрытым остаётся вопрос о генотоксических рисках и канцерогенных, которым может подвергаться человек при различном контакте с фтористыми соединениями.

Introduction

Introduction. Consistency of fluoride excess in the human environment and professional contact with fluoride is an actual and underestimated problem. Fluoride ion is able to displace the hydroxyl group in calcium hydroxyapatites, forming stable crystals of mixed form of apatites, inducing bone pathology, fluorosis. Despite the high prevalence of fluorosis, there are only a few studies discussing the ability of fluoride ion to increase the level of genotoxic effects. At the same time, such studies are in high demand in connection with a direct correlation between genetic instability and the risk of carcinogenesis.

Material and methods

Material and methods. A literature search was conducted according the following queries: “fluoride, fluoride ion, fluorides, DNA damage, genetic damage, genotoxicity.” The search was conducted on the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar for various articles (all publications until June 2018). All publications were analyzed and included in this review.

Results

Results. The present review examines the results of studies aimed at investigation of the ability of fluoride to induce DNA damage, published since the 50-s of 20th century to the present. The analyse of data about genotoxic and mutagenic properties of fluorine observed in In vitro and In vivo studies is provided. It is summarized that at concentrations of sodium fluoride in drinking water of more than 1 mM, fluoride ion has the ability to induce DNA damage and increase the frequency of clastogenic effects in humans and large monkeys. At the same time, for a significant increase in genotoxic effects in rodents, large concentrations of fluorides are required. The main hypotheses about the mechanisms of the fluoride genotoxic properties are described.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Considering results published nowadays, it can be noted that fluoride ion obviously showes a number of genotoxic features and can have mutagenic properties in case of chronic and direct contact with cellular objects. It remains questionable issue about genotoxic risk accompanied human contact with fluoride compounds.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.