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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-2-116-122</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эколого-гигиеническая оценка почв селитебной зоны г. Перми</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ecological evaluation of the urban soil in Perm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-8023</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленникова</surname><given-names>Ирина Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikova</surname><given-names>Irina L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. иммунорегуляции ИЭГМ УрО РАН, 614081, Пермь, Россия.</p><p>e-mail: I.Maslennikova1974@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., senior researcher of the laboratory of immunoregulation of the Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, 614081, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: I.Maslennikova1974@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.maslennikova1974@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-178X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkin</surname><given-names>Mihail A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0487-5918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шерстобитова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sherstobitova</surname><given-names>Natal’ya P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-4823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов Уральского отделения Российской академии наук» - филиал ФГБУН «Пермский федеральный исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>116</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Масленникова И.Л., Шишкин М.А., Шерстобитова Н.П., Кузнецова М.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Масленникова И.Л., Шишкин М.А., Шерстобитова Н.П., Кузнецова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maslennikova I.L., Shishkin M.A., Sherstobitova N.P., Kuznetsova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1254">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1254</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Представления о влиянии процессов антропогенеза на экологическое состояние почвы являются основой для усовершенствования системы контроля загрязнения окружающей среды и принятия архитектурно-планировочных решений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В период 2016–2018 гг. выполнена экологическая оценка загрязнения 214 образцов городских почв. Почвенная съёмка проведена по случайно-упорядоченной сети из расчёта одна пробная площадка на 1 км². Концентрацию тяжёлых металлов определяли методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии. Анализ органических соединений проводили методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии. Общее количество гетеротрофных и грамотрицательных бактерий, в том числе представителей семейства Enterobacteriaceae, определяли методом прямого высева на селективные агаризованные среды. Статистическая обработка данных выполнена в программе Statistica.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведена оценка уровня химического загрязнения почв г. Перми водорастворимыми формами тяжёлых металлов. Концентрация тяжёлых металлов Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Cd, Ni, Mn в контрольных образцах песчаных/суглинистых почв составляла 0,09/0,15; 0,08/0,22; 0,22/0,39; 5,57/16,14; 0,02/0,01; 0,06/0,13; 0,74/3,14 мг/л соответственно. Значения показателя суммарного загрязнения (Zc) выше 16 зафиксированы на 4,7% пробных площадок, что соответствует умеренной степени загрязнения. Показано, что тип почв влиял на Zc (KW-H (3; 214) = 30,73; p = 0,00001) и составлял для суглинистых почв 6,24 ± 3,72; для торфов – 22,42 ± 12,32; для песчаных – 9,23 ± 5,70; для старых урбанозёмов – 8,37 ± 4,07. Выявлено, что медианные значения содержания гетеротрофов в почвах I (Zc: 0–4) и IV (Zc ≤ 16) групп соответствовали категории «бедные», II (Zc: 4–8) и III (Zc: 8–16) групп – «очень бедные» почвы. Корреляция между содержанием гетеротрофов и числом бактерий E. coli не выявлена. Для каждой группы почв по Zc не отмечено статистических различий по содержания фталатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экологическая оценка почв должна иметь комплексный характер, так как выявленные авторами виды антропогенного химического загрязнения, имеющие разную степень сопряжения между собой, влияют на количественные показатели почвенной микробиоты, что в будущем может определять способность поддержания гомеостаза данной экосистемы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Representations of the impact of anthropogenesis processes on the soil’s ecological state are the basis for improvement of the environmental pollution monitoring system to make correct architectural and planning decisions.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. During 2016-2018 an environmental assessment of pollution of 214 samples of urban soils was performed. The soil analysis was carried out according to a random sample as one test site per 1 km². The concentration of heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The analysis of organic compounds was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total number of heterotrophic and gram-negative bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family was determined by direct seeding on selective media. Statistical data processing was carried out using software Statistica.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The level of chemical contamination with water-soluble forms of heavy metals of Perm soils was assessed. The concentration of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Cd, Ni, Mn in the control samples of sandy/loamy soils was 0.09/0.15; 0.08/0.22; 0.22/0.39; 5.57/16.14; 0.02/0.01; 0.06/0.13; 0.74/3.14 mg/l, respectively. The values of the total pollution index (Zc) above 16 were recorded at 4.7% of the soil samples, which corresponds to a moderate degree of pollution. It was shown that the soil type influenced Zc (KW-H (3; 214) = 30.73; p = 0.00001) and amounted to 6.24 ± 3.72 for loamy soils; for peat – 22.42 ± 12.32; for sand – 9.23 ± 5.70; for old urban soils – 8.37 ± 4.07. The median of the heterotroph bacteria content in the soils for I (Zc: 0-4) and IV (Zc ≤ 16) groups was revealed to correspond to the categories of «poor,» II (Zc: 4-8) and III (Zc: 8-16) groups – «inferior» soil. A correlation between the content of heterotrophs and the number of bacteria E. coli was not detected. According to Zc, for each soil group, no statistical differences in phthalate content were noted.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Environmental assessment of soils should be comprehensive, as the types of anthropogenic chemical pollution, that have varying degrees of correlations between each other, affect quantitative changes in soil microbiota, which in the future may determine the ability to maintain homeostasis in this ecosystem.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>городские почвы</kwd><kwd>тяжёлые металлы</kwd><kwd>фталаты</kwd><kwd>гетеротрофы</kwd><kwd>E. coli</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urban soils</kwd><kwd>heavy metals</kwd><kwd>phthalates</kwd><kwd>heterotrophs</kwd><kwd>E. coli</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Edmondson J.L., Stott I., Davies Z.G., Gaston K.J., Leake J.R. Soil surface temperatures reveal moderation of the urban heat island effect by trees and shrubs. Sci. 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