medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-3-223-228medlit-1325Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENEФакторы окружающей среды и сердечно-сосудистые заболеванияEnvironmental factors and cardiovascular diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2712-0227ЧаулинАлексей МихайловичChaulinAleksey M.

Очный аспирант, ассистент кафедры ФГБОУ ВО СамГМУ, 443079, Самара; врач ГБУЗ СОККД им. В.П. Полякова, 443070, Самара.

e-mail: alekseymichailovich22976@gmail.com

MD, post-graduate student, assistant of the department of the Samara State Medical University, Samara, 443079, Russian Federation; doctor Samara regional clinical cardiology dispensary, Samara, 443070, Russian Federation.

e-mail: alekseymichailovich22976@gmail.com

alekseymichailovich22976@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-2976ДупляковД. В.DuplyakovDmitry V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ «Самарский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер имени В.П. Полякова»Samara State Medical University; Samara regional clinical cardiology dispensary2021150420211003223228Copyright © Чаулин А.М., Дупляков Д.В., 20212021Чаулин А.М., Дупляков Д.В.Chaulin A.M., Duplyakov D.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1325Введение

Введение. Новые достижение в области диагностики и лечения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), как показывает практика, не способны существенным образом улучшить статистические показатели заболеваемости и смертности от ССЗ. Это обстоятельство свидетельствует о том, что существуют дополнительные факторы и механизмы, которые важно учитывать как для профилактики, так и для наиболее оптимального ведения пациентов. В последнее время активно изучается связь между факторами окружающей среды и образа жизни с ССЗ. Однако, несмотря на понимание взаимосвязи между факторами окружающей среды и различными заболеваниями, в том числе ССЗ, механизмы, с помощью которых конкретные факторы усиливают или уменьшают риск развития ССЗ, пока не совсем понятны и по ряду исследований носят противоречивый характер.

Цель работы состояла в обобщении существующих данных о влиянии таких важных факторов окружающей среды, как загрязнение атмосферного воздуха и солнечная инсоляция на сердечно-сосудистую систему, а также всестороннем обсуждении механизмов, посредством которых данные факторы окружающей среды могут участвовать в развитии и прогрессировании ССЗ. Для достижения цели нашей работы мы провели анализ современной зарубежной литературы с использованием базы данных PubMed.

Заключение

Заключение. Согласно многочисленным исследованиям экспериментального и клинического характера, загрязнение атмосферного воздуха и дефицит солнечной инсоляции играют важную роль как в развитии ССЗ, так и в утяжелении состояния пациентов с различными ССЗ (атеросклероз, артериальная гипертензия, ишемическая болезнь сердца, сердечная недостаточность, инфаркт миокарда и инсульт). Тем самым, загрязнение атмосферного воздуха и недостаток солнечной инсоляции можно рассматривать в качестве одних из ключевых факторов риска ССЗ. Будущие исследования должны быть направлены на изучение и установление конкретных патогенетических механизмов, посредством которых факторы окружающей среды влияют на здоровье сердечно-сосудистой системы, для разработки эффективных лечебно-профилактических мероприятий.

Introduction

Introduction. New advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as practice shows, are not able to significantly improve the statistical indicators of morbidity and mortality of CVD. This fact indicates that there are additional factors and mechanisms that are important to consider, both for prevention and for the most optimal management of patients. Recently, the relationship between environmental and lifestyle factors with CVD has been actively studied. However, despite understanding the relationship between environmental factors and various diseases, including CVD, the mechanisms by which specific factors increase or decrease the risk of developing CVD are not yet fully understood, and a number of studies are contradictory.

The aim of our work was to generalize existing data on the impact of such critical environmental factors as air pollution and solar insolation on the cardiovascular system, as well as to comprehensively discuss the mechanisms by which these environmental factors can participate in the development and progression of CVD. To achieve our work’s goal, we analyzed modern foreign literature using the PubMed database.

Conclusion

Conclusion. According to numerous experimental and clinical studies, air pollution and solar insolation deficiency play an essential role in developing CVD and the aggravation of patients with various CVD (atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke). Thus, air pollution and lack of solar insolation can be considered as critical risk factors for CVD. Future research should focus on the study and establishment of specific pathogenetic mechanisms by which environmental factors affect the cardiovascular system’s health to develop effective treatment and prevention measures.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.