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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-4-411-416</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка влияния компонентов противогололёдных материалов на одноклеточные организмы на примере Tetrahymena pyriformis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimation of the influence of deicing materials influence on single-cell organisms: a case study of Tetrahymena pyriformis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9718-0663</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Донерьян</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Donerian</surname><given-names>Larisa G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-5753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водянова</surname><given-names>Мария Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodyanova</surname><given-names>Mariia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, учёный секретарь ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: mvodyanova@cspmz.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., Scientific secretary of the Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: mvodyanova@cspmz.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvodyanova@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, FMBA</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>411</fpage><lpage>416</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Донерьян Л.Г., Водянова М.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Донерьян Л.Г., Водянова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Donerian L.G., Vodyanova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1390">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1390</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Противогололёдные материалы (ПГМ) имеют технические рекомендации по применению с целью обеспечения безопасности дорожного движения, однако не имеют нормативных величин, регламентирующих их допустимые уровни для объектов окружающей среды и здоровья населения, также отсутствуют методические указания по оценке их токсических свойств. В работе показано, что для решения практических целей необходимо научно обосновать методологию гигиенической оценки ПГМ как отдельной группы веществ с учётом их эффективных концентраций, в частности с применением методов биотестирования. ПГМ представляют собой солевые растворы, в связи с чем для прогноза их влияния на биологические объекты стоит рассматривать в качестве модели клетку или одноклеточный организм. Однако методика по оценке токсичности объектов окружающей среды с использованием инфузорий Tetrahymena pyriformis утверждена только для вод хозяйственно-питьевого водоснабжения. </p><p>Цель исследования – актуализация методики определения токсичности растворов ПГМ по генеративной функции инфузорий Tetrahymena pyriformis с учётом повышенного солесодержания, актуальной в рамках комплексной гигиенической оценки реагентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе проводилась экотоксикологическая оценка 2 противогололёдных материалов с различным соотношением хлоридов щелочных и щелочноземельных металлов, а также оценка фактического химического состава этих же реагентов с помощью масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой (ИСП-МС) и ионной хроматографии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получены данные, свидетельствующие о менее выраженной токсичности ПГМ с повышенным содержанием ионов кальция. Определены допустимые уровни воздействия ПГМ на изученный тест-объект. Предложен контрольный образец сравнения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты указывают на необходимость расширения перечня контролируемых показателей в существующей методике. Для оценки токсичности солевых растворов с помощью инфузорий актуальными дополнениями являются: изучение морфологии клеток в условиях острого опыта (6 ч), в случае их гибели в течение первого часа необходимо контролировать их вторичное появление.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Deicing materials (DIM) have technical recommendations for the application to ensure road safety. However, they do not have shared values governing their permissible levels for environmental objects and public health. There are no guidelines for assessing their toxic properties either. The research shows that to solve practical goals, it is necessary to scientifically substantiate the methodology of hygienic assessment of DIMs as a separate group of substances, taking into account their effective concentrations bio testing methods. DIM are saline solutions, and therefore it is worth considering a cell or a unicellular organism as a model to predict their effect on biological objects. However, the methodology for assessing environmental objects’ toxicity using Tetrahymena pyriformis ciliates has been approved only for domestic water supply. </p><p>The purpose of this study is to update the methodology for determining the toxicity of DIM solutions by the generative function of Tetrahymena pyriformis ciliates. It considers the high salt content appropriate within the framework of a comprehensive hygienic assessment of reagents. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The research made an ecotoxicological assessment of 2 deicing materials with different ratios оf chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and evaluating the same reagents’ actual chemical composition using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ion chromatography. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The obtained data indicated less pronounced toxicity of DIM with increased content of calcium ions. The permissible levels of DIM influence on the studied test object have been determined. A control comparison sample is provided. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained results specify the need to expand the list of controlled indices in the existing methodology. To assess the toxicity of saline solutions using ciliates, the substantial additions must include studying the morphology of cells in the acute experiment (6 hours), in case of their death within the first hour; it is necessary to control their secondary appearance.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>противогололёдные материалы</kwd><kwd>экотоксикологическая оценка</kwd><kwd>хлориды</kwd><kwd>инфузории</kwd><kwd>простейшие</kwd><kwd>перифитон</kwd><kwd>осмотический стресс</kwd><kwd>ионный стресс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>deicing materials</kwd><kwd>ecotoxicological assessment</kwd><kwd>chlorides</kwd><kwd>ciliates</kwd><kwd>protozoa</kwd><kwd>periphyton</kwd><kwd>osmotic stress</kwd><kwd>ionic stress</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аржанухинa С.П. 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