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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-10-1064-1069</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1778</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Корректировка предельно допустимой концентрации бензойной кислоты и бензоата натрия в воде на основе современных данных (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific substantiation of Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPCs) for benzoic acid and sodium benzoate in water based on modern data (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5658-623X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолдакова</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholdakova</surname><given-names>Zoya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-0690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицына</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyna</surname><given-names>Oksana O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7579-7339</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харчевникова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchevnikova</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1927-7432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печникова</surname><given-names>Ирина Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechnikova</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. профилактической токсикологии и медико-биологических исследований ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: IPechnikova@cspmz.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, leading researcher of the Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the FederalBiomedical Agency (Centre for Strategic Planning, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: IPechnikova@cspmz.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ipechnikova@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6540-6015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамонов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamonov</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaeva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1064</fpage><lpage>1069</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жолдакова З.И., Синицына О.О., Харчевникова Н.В., Печникова И.А., Мамонов Р.А., Беляева Н.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жолдакова З.И., Синицына О.О., Харчевникова Н.В., Печникова И.А., Мамонов Р.А., Беляева Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zholdakova Z.I., Sinitsyna O.O., Kharchevnikova N.V., Pechnikova I.A., Mamonov R.A., Belyaeva N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1778">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1778</self-uri><abstract><p>Коррекция устаревших предельно допустимых концентраций (ПДК) веществ в воде должна быть основана на обобщении результатов ранее проведённых исследований и новых данных литературы. На примере бензойной кислоты и бензоата натрия как широко распространённых в окружающей среде рассмотрена возможность корректировки действующей ПДК в воде по данным литературы. Дана сравнительная оценка методов расчёта ПДК в соответствии с международными подходами и методами, принятыми в России. Установленная на международном уровне величина максимальной недействующей дозы (МНД) основана на данных, не соответствующих требованиям ОЭСР или отечественным нормативным документам. В современных работах представлены новые данные о механизмах и проявлениях вредного действия бензойной кислоты и бензоата натрия. Эти данные свидетельствуют о полипатогенетическом проявлении токсического действия бензойной кислоты, что характерно для большинства химических соединений. Результаты опытов на животных показали, что бензойная кислота и бензоат натрия оказывают вредное воздействие на центральную нервную систему, в частности, значительно ухудшают память и координацию движений. Осуществлён прогноз безопасных уровней бензойной кислоты и бензоата натрия на основании двух подходов — определение ПДК в воде по установленной на международном уровне допустимой суточной дозе (ДСД) в соответствии с международными требованиями (1,7 мг/л) и расчёт по экспериментальным данным в соответствии с требованиями отечественных методических документов (0,6 мг/л). Токсичность бензойной кислоты и бензоата натрия определяется бензоат-ионом, что позволяет рекомендовать единый норматив для двух соединений на уровне 0,6 мг/л, санитарно-токсикологический показатель вредности, 2-й класс опасности. При рассмотрении возможности и путей гармонизации методологии нормирования веществ в воде с международными подходами необходимо учесть глубокие исследования учёных нашей страны, касающиеся накопления эффекта интоксикации при длительном воздействии веществ на организм, реакций адаптации и срыва адаптационно-приспособительных реакций и развития новых реакций во времени.</p><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: </p></sec><sec><title>Жолдакова З</title><p>Жолдакова З.И. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование;</p></sec><sec><title>Синицына О</title><p>Синицына О.О. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование;</p></sec><sec><title>Харчевникова Н</title><p>Харчевникова Н.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;</p></sec><sec><title>Мамонов Р</title><p>Мамонов Р.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование;</p></sec><sec><title>Печникова И</title><p>Печникова И.А. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;</p></sec><sec><title>Беляева Н</title><p>Беляева Н.И. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста. </p><p>Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 20</title><p>Поступила 20.03.2021 / Принята к печати 28.09.2021/ Опубликована 31.10.2021</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Correction of outdated MPCs for substances in water should be based on a generalization of the results of previous studies and the new literature data. On the example of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate, which are widespread in the environment, the possibility of adjusting the current MPC in water according to literature data is considered. A comparative assessment of the methods for calculating the MPC following international approaches and practices adopted in Russia are given. The internationally set maximum allowable dose (MAD) is based on data that does not comply with Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) requirements or domestic regulations. Modern works present new data on the mechanisms and manifestations of the harmful effects of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate. These data indicate the multipathogenetic representation of the toxic effect of benzoic acid, which is typical for most chemical compounds. The results of experiments on animals showed benzoic acid and sodium benzoate to harm the central nervous system. In particular, they significantly impair memory and coordination of movements. A forecast of safe levels of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate was carried out based on two approaches - determination of MPC in water according to the internationally established allowable daily intake (ADI) according to international requirements (1.7 mg/l) and calculation based on experimental data following the requirements of domestic methodological documents (0.6 mg/l). The toxicity of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate is determined by the benzoate ion, which makes it possible to recommend a single standard for two compounds at the level of 0.6 mg/l, a sanitary and toxicological hazard index, hazard class 2. When considering the possibility and ways of harmonizing the methodology for the regulation of substances in water with international approaches, it is necessary to take into account the deep research of scientists of our country concerning the accumulation of the effect of intoxication with prolonged exposure to substances on the body, adaptation responses, and disruption of adaptive responses and the development of new responses over time.</p><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: </p></sec><sec><title>Zholdakova Z</title><p>Zholdakova Z.I. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text;</p></sec><sec><title>Sinitsyna O</title><p>Sinitsyna O.O. — the concept and design of the study;</p></sec><sec><title>Kharchevnikova N</title><p>Kharchevnikova N.V. — the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing the text;</p></sec><sec><title>Pechnikova I</title><p>Pechnikova I.A. — collection and processing of material, writing the text;</p></sec><sec><title>Mamonov R</title><p>Mamonov R.A. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text;</p></sec><sec><title>Belyaeva N</title><p>Belyaeva N.I. — collection and processing of material, writing the text.</p><p>All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: March 20, 2021 / Accepted: September 28, 2021 / Published: October 31, 2021</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бензойная кислота</kwd><kwd>бензоат натрия</kwd><kwd>ПДК в воде</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>benzoic acid</kwd><kwd>sodium benzoate</kwd><kwd>maximum permissible concentration (MPC) in water</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Синицына О.О., Красовский Г.Н., Жолдакова З.И. Критерии порогового действия химических веществ, загрязняющих различные объекты окружающей среды. Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2003; (3): 17-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinitsyna O.O., Krasovskiy G.N., Zholdakova Z.I. 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