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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-1-41-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1940</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биомониторинг металлов в биологических тканях жителей Арктического макрорегиона (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biomonitoring of metals in the biological media of the inhabitants of the Arctic macroregion (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7528-6643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ревич</surname><given-names>Борис Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Revich</surname><given-names>Boris A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотр. и зав. лаб. прогнозирования качества окружающей среды и здоровьянаселения ИНП РАН.</p><p>e-mail: brevich@yandex.ru </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., Professor, Head of the Environment Quality and Public Health Laboratory, Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: brevich@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brevich@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт народнохозяйственного прогнозирования» Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Economic Forecasting</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ревич Б.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ревич Б.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Revich B.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1940">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1940</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы представлены основные положения биомониторинга трёх самых распространённых в окружающей среде арктической территории металлов - свинца, ртути и никеля. Для этих металлов в различных странах разработаны рекомендации по их пороговым значениям в биологических тканях человека в зависимости от возраста и других показателей. Наиболее информативны для свинца кровь, волосы; для ртути — кровь, волосы и моча; для никеля - кровь. Организация биомониторинга этих металлов необходима на жилых территориях вблизи металлургических производств на Кольском полуострове, в Норильском промышленном районе, в золотоносных районах Якутии. Существенной проблемой в Арктическом макрорегионе стало повышенное содержание ртути в рыбе, которую постоянно потребляют жители прибрежных территорий, в том числе коренные малочисленные народы Севера. Выявлено повышенное содержание ртути по сравнению с максимально допустимым уровнем в тканях пресноводных рыб из водоёмов Мурманской области, ряда рек Республики Саха (Якутия) и других северных рек. Оценка риска для здоровья населения при поступлении такой загрязнённой рыбы пока не проведена, но на основании исследований в других регионах страны можно ожидать повышенных рисков. Представляются весьма интересными предложения биологов о нормировании ртути в мышцах рыб в зависимости от её жирности, что важно для здоровья населения, постоянно использующего эти пищевые продукты. В настоящее время некоторые страны ввели рекомендации о частоте потребления рыбы в месяц в зависимости от её вида и места улова.</p><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Автор декларирует отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование поддержано грантом Российского научного фонда № 22-28-01049.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 10.01.2021 / Принята к печати: 26.12.2021 / Опубликована: 09.02.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This literature review summarises the basic principles of biomonitoring of lead, mercury and nickel, the most common metallic pollutants in the Arctic. Various countries have developed recommendations for threshold values of these metals in the biological media of humans depending upon age and other personal characteristics. The most informative biological media are blood and hair for lead; blood, hair and urine for mercury; blood for a nickel. Biological monitoring of these metals is particularly needed in the settlements near the metal plants of Kola Peninsula, in the Norilsk industrial area and the gold-mining districts of Yakutia. High levels of lead in fish have become a paramount public health concern in the Arctic because fish is typical food for local populations of the coastal areas, especially for the indigenous minorities of the North. Lead concentrations in the tissues of freshwater fish caught in many rivers of the Murmansk region, Republic Sakha (Yakutia) and other northern regions frequently exceeded the threshold values. Health risks arising from the consumption of contaminated fish have not been assessed in the Arctic, but the studies conducted elsewhere indicated considerable risks. Some biologists have proposed establishing maximum permissible levels of lead in fish muscles relative to its fat content, which could be necessary for the health of those who depend upon this source of food. Several countries have issued recommendations for maximum monthly consumption of certain species of fish harvested in specific water reservoirs.</p><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22-28-01049.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: January 10, 2021 / Accepted: December 26, 2021 / Published: February 09, 2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>биомониторинг</kwd><kwd>ртуть</kwd><kwd>свинец</kwd><kwd>никель</kwd><kwd>здоровье</kwd><kwd>коренные малочисленные народы Севера</kwd><kwd>пищевые продукты</kwd><kwd>Кольский полуостров</kwd><kwd>Норильск</kwd><kwd>Республика Саха (Якутия)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>biomonitoring</kwd><kwd>mercury</kwd><kwd>lead</kwd><kwd>nickel</kwd><kwd>health</kwd><kwd>indigenous peoples of the North</kwd><kwd>food</kwd><kwd>Kola Peninsula</kwd><kwd>Norilsk</kwd><kwd>Yakutia</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дударев А.А., Душкина Е.В., Чупахин В.С., Сладкова Ю.Н., Бурова Д.В., Гущин И.В. и др. 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