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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-1-53-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-1942</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Потерянные годы здоровой жизни вследствие профессиональных заболеваний у работников сельского хозяйства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Disability-adjusted life years due to occupational diseases in agriculture workers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-5491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондрова</surname><given-names>Нина Саматовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrova</surname><given-names>Nina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры гигиены с курсом медико-профилактического дела ИДПО ФГБОУ ВО БГМУ Минздрава России, 450000, Уфа.</p><p>e-mail: kondrovans@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Hygiene with a Course in Medical and Preventive Affairs, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: kondrovans@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondrovans@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-7703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайхлисламова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaykhlislamova</surname><given-names>Elmira R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-4685</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>Т. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>Tatiana K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-8998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>Evgeniy G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-2463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Франц</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frants</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-4372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симонова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonova</surname><given-names>Nadezhda I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa State Aviation Technical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУ «Центральная клиническая больница гражданской авиации»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central clinical hospital of civil aviation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондрова Н.С., Шайхлисламова Э.Р., Ларионова Т.К., Степанов Е.Г., Франц М.В., Симонова Н.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондрова Н.С., Шайхлисламова Э.Р., Ларионова Т.К., Степанов Е.Г., Франц М.В., Симонова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondrova N.S., Shaykhlislamova E.R., Larionova T.K., Stepanov E.G., Frants M.V., Simonova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1942">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/1942</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время многие агропромышленные страны переживают стремительную интенсификацию сельскохозяйственного и животноводческого производства. Это может критически сказаться на здоровье работников, занятых в сельском хозяйстве, входящем в пятёрку лидирующих отраслей экономики с повышенным риском формирования профессиональных заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для оценки потерянных лет здоровой жизни работников сельского хозяйства Республики Башкортостан вследствие профессиональных заболеваний проанализировано 1199 случаев хронической профессиональной заболеваемости работников за 57-летний период (1960–2017 гг.); рассчитано число лет жизни, не прожитых или прожитых неполноценно вследствие данного заболевания (индекс DALY).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За анализируемый период диагностировано 41 профессиональное заболевание вследствие воздействия четырёх групп основных вредных производственных факторов рабочей среды и трудового процесса: физические факторы (43,6%), физические перегрузки (38,9%), вредные химические вещества (14%) и биологические факторы (3,5%). Установлено, что работники сельского хозяйства потеряли вследствие профессиональных заболеваний 2256,1 года здоровой жизни, из которых 73,2% приходится на дорсопатии, профессиональные болезни от воздействия вибрации и болезни мягких тканей. Как частота выявления профессиональных заболеваний, так и их клиническая характеристика отражаются на итоговом числе потерянных лет здоровой жизни. Пятилетняя задержка формирования профессиональных заболеваний позволяет уменьшить число суммарных потерянных лет здоровой жизни на 17%, десятилетняя задержка — на 33,5%.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. При изучении профессиональной заболеваемости была проведена оценка 1199 случаев за 57 лет наблюдения, что представляет собой достаточную референтную выборку.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Количественный анализ индекса DALY вследствие профессионального заболевания позволяет не только оценить вероятный медико-социальный ущерб числом потерянных лет здоровой жизни для больных, но и обосновать первоочередные меры, направленные на снижение этого ущерба.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:</p></sec><sec><title>Кондрова Н</title><p>Кондрова Н.С. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи;</p></sec><sec><title>Шайхлисламова Э</title><p>Шайхлисламова Э.Р. — сбор и обработка материала, статистическая обработка, написание текста, редактирование;</p></sec><sec><title>Ларионова Т</title><p>Ларионова Т.К., Степанов Е.Г. — концепция и дизайн исследования, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи;</p></sec><sec><title>Франц М</title><p>Франц М.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, статистическая обработка, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи;</p></sec><sec><title>Симонова Н</title><p>Симонова Н.И. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание и редактирование текста, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 03.06.2021 / Принята к печати: 25.11.2021 / Опубликована: 09.02.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Currently, many agro-industrial countries are experiencing a rapid intensification of agricultural and livestock production, which can critically affect the health of workers employed in agriculture, one of the five leading sectors of the economy with an increased risk of occupational diseases. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In order to assess the lost years of healthy life due to occupational diseases among agricultural workers of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 1,199 cases of chronic occupational morbidity of workers over 57 years (1960–2017) were analyzed; the number of years of life not lived or lived insufficiently due to this disease was calculated (the DALY index). </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the analyzed period, 41 occupational diseases was diagnosed as a result of exposure to four groups of the main harmful production factors of the working environment and the labour process: physical (43.6%), physical overload (38.9%), harmful chemicals (14.0%) and biological factors (3.5%). It was found that agricultural workers lost 2,256.1 years of healthy life due to occupational diseases, 73.2% accounted for dorsopathies, occupational diseases from vibration exposure and soft tissue diseases. The frequency of detection of occupational diseases and their clinical characteristics are reflected in the total number of years of healthy life lost. More than 75% of a total load of occupational diseases was caused by physical factors together with physical overload. A five-year delay in forming occupational diseases reduces the total lost years of healthy life by 17.0% and a ten-year delay by 33.5%. </p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. One thousand one hundred ninety-nine cases were assessed over 57 years of observation when studying occupational morbidity, which is a sufficient reference sample.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Quantitative analysis of the DALY index due to occupational disease allows to assess the likely medical and social damage by the number of years of healthy life lost for patients and justify priority measures aimed at reducing this damage.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution.</p></sec><sec><title>Kondrova N</title><p>Kondrova N.S. — concept and design of research, writing the text, editing.</p></sec><sec><title>Shaikhlislamova E</title><p>Shaikhlislamova E.R. — collecting and processing material, statistical processing, writing the text, editing.</p></sec><sec><title>Larionova T</title><p>Larionova T.K. — concept and design of research.</p></sec><sec><title>Stepanov E</title><p>Stepanov E.G. — concept and design of research.</p></sec><sec><title>Franz M</title><p>Franz M.V. — concept and design of research, statistical processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Simonova N</title><p>Simonova N.I. — concept and design of research, writing and editing of the text.</p><p>All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: June 3, 2021 / Accepted: November 25, 2021 / Published: February 09, 2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональные заболевания</kwd><kwd>оценка бремени болезней на популяцию</kwd><kwd>индекс DALY</kwd><kwd>работники сельского хозяйства</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational diseases</kwd><kwd>assessment of the burden of disease on the population</kwd><kwd>DALY index</kwd><kwd>agricultural workers</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen T.H., Bertin M., Bodin J., Fouquet N., Bonvallot N., Roquelaure Y. 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