medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-2-140-144medlit-199Research ArticleПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ СТАТЬИPROBLEM-SOLVING ARTICLESДиагностические критерии прогрессирования хронической обструктивной болезни лёгких в условиях повышенной техногенной нагрузкиDiagnostic criteria for the progression of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease under a high technogenic loadhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-9011ВиткинаТ. И.VitkinaT. I.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-9167СидлецкаяКаролина АндреевнаSidletskayaKarolina A.

Аспирант лаборатории медицинской экологии и рекреационных ресурсов Владивостокского филиала ДНЦ ФПД – НИИМКВЛ, 690105, Владивосток.

e-mail: d-karolina-a@mail.ru

MD, postgraduate student of the Laboratory of Medical Ecology and Recreational Resources of the Vladivostok Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, 690105, Russian Federation.

e-mail: d-karolina-a@mail.ru

d-karolina-a@mail.ruВладивостокский филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» - Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии и восстановительного леченияVladivostok Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment202023032020992140144Copyright © Виткина Т.И., Сидлецкая К.А., 20202020Виткина Т.И., Сидлецкая К.А.Vitkina T.I., Sidletskaya K.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/199Введение

Введение. Широкая распространённость и рост заболеваемости хронической обструктивной болезнью лёгких (ХОБЛ) обусловливает необходимость поиска новых подходов к диагностике прогрессирования этого заболевания. Загрязнение воздуха вызывает дополнительную нагрузку на больных ХОБЛ, способствуя утяжелению течения патологии. Исследование механизмов его воздействия на развитие воспалительного ответа при ХОБЛ является весьма актуальной задачей.

Цель - установить динамику экспрессии интерлейкина-4 (IL-4), IL-6 и их мембранных рецепторов (IL-4R, IL-6R) на Т-хелперах крови при прогрессировании ХОБЛ у пациентов, живущих на территории с высоким техногенным прессингом.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Владивосток был выбран в качестве региона со значительным техногенным загрязнением воздушной среды - количество веществ, загрязняющих воздушную среду, составляет 59,9 тыс. тонн в год, 80% из которых составляют автомобильные выбросы; приземный слой воздуха характеризуется преобладанием частиц менее 10 мкм, оказывающих наиболее патогенное воздействие на респираторную систему. Были обследованы больные ХОБЛ лёгкой (36 человек), средней (52 человека), тяжёлой (24 человека) степени тяжести стабильного течения, проживающих в г. Владивостоке не менее 5 лет. Контрольную группу составили здоровые добровольцы, проживающие на той же территории (32 человека). Уровни IL-4, IL-6 в плазме крови и количество Т-хелперов, экспрессирующих IL-4R и IL-6R, определяли методом проточной цитометрии.

Результаты

Результаты. В ходе исследования было выявлено, что у больных ХОБЛ, подверженных постоянному влиянию загрязнения воздуха, происходит снижение концентрации IL-4 и повышение уровня IL-6. Установлено снижение экспрессии IL-4R на Т-хелперах крови на всех стадиях ХОБЛ и повышение экспрессии IL-6R на Т-хелперах крови по мере прогрессирования заболевания.

Заключение

Заключение. Данные об экспрессии IL-6R и IL-4R на циркулирующих Т-хелперах могут быть использованы для диагностики прогрессирования ХОБЛ у пациентов, живущих в условиях урбанизированной территории.

Introduction

Introduction. The prevalence and gain in the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a reason to search for new approaches to the diagnosis of its progression. Air pollution causes an additional burden on COPD patients, contributing to the progression of this pathology. The study of mechanisms of its impact on the inflammatory response in COPD is an urgent task.

The aim is to establish the dynamics of expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6 and their membrane receptors (IL-4R, IL-6R) in blood T-helpers during COPD progression in patients living in areas with the high technogenic load.

Material and methods

Material and methods. Vladivostok was chosen as a region with significant technogenic air pollution - the amount of air pollutants is 59.9 thousand tons per year, with 80% related to vehicle emissions; the surface layer of air is characterized by a predominance of particles less than 10 µm, which are the most pathogenic for the respiratory system. Patients with stable mild (36), moderate (52 ) and severe COPD (24) patients living in Vladivostok for at least 5 years were examined. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers living in the same area (32cases). The levels of IL-4, IL-6 in plasma and the number of T-helper cells expressing IL-4R and IL-6R were determined by flow cytometry.

Results

Results. A decline in serum IL-4 concentration and an increase in serum IL-6 level in COPD patients living under constant air pollution has been found. A decrease in IL-4R expression in blood T-helpers at all COPD stages and the gain in IL-6R synthesis in blood T-helpers during the progression of COPD were established.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Data on the expression of IL-6R and IL-4R on circulating T-helpers can be used to diagnose the progression of COPD in patients living in urbanized areas.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.