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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-2-163-168</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Образовательный процесс и здоровье преподавателей медицинского университета</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Educational process and health of medical university teachers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-3572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смагулов</surname><given-names>Нурлан Кемельбекович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smagulov</surname><given-names>Nurlan K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, профессор-исследователь каф. морфологии и физиологии НАО «Медицинский университет Караганды».</p><p>e-mail: msmagulov@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., Professor, Research Professor at the Department of Morphology and Physiology of the Medical University of Karaganda, Karaganda, 100008, Republic of Kazakhstan.</p><p>e-mail: msmagulov@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">msmagulov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-705X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евневич</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evnevich</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6811-1095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адилбекова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adilbekova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-0056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гитенис</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gitenis</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НАО «Медицинский университет Караганды»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Karaganda Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>168</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смагулов Н.К., Евневич А.М., Адилбекова А.А., Гитенис Н.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смагулов Н.К., Евневич А.М., Адилбекова А.А., Гитенис Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smagulov N.K., Evnevich A.M., Adilbekova A.A., Gitenis N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/203">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/203</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Вузовская педагогическая деятельность и неблагоприятные факторы, характерные для образовательного процесса, оказывают негативное влияние на здоровье преподавателей, что отражается на их заболеваемости.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить влияние профессиональной деятельности на резистентность организма преподавателей медицинского вуза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Объекты исследования: преподаватели медицинского университета Караганды трёх возрастных категорий (до 30 лет, 30–49 лет и 50 лет и более). Анализ заболеваемости проводился по листкам временной нетрудоспособности. Социологический опрос проводился по анкетам оценки профилактической, медицинской активности и самооценки собственного здоровья преподавателей. Статистическая обработка – с помощью программы Statistica 8.0.Результаты. Выявлено, что уровень заболеваемости преподавателей вуза с временной утратой трудоспособности из-за недоучтённых случаев заболеваний носит скрытый (латентный) характер. Анкетный опрос выявил у 66,6 ÷ 85% опрошенных наличие проблем со здоровьем. Состояние своего здоровья только половина опрошенных (55,6 ÷ 45,7%) оценивали как хорошее, но с возрастом эта оценка уменьшалась (21,9%). В структуре заболеваний по нозологиям у преподавателей медицинского вуза во второй и третьей возрастных группах (30–49 лет и 50 лет и более) приоритетными отмечались заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы (52,6 и 61,9% соответственно), опорно-двигательного аппарата (55,3 и 47,6%), пищеварительной системы (36,4 ÷ 42,9%). Основными причинами низкого уровня здоровья и высокой заболеваемости преподавателей-медиков были: недостаточная двигательная активность, нерациональное питание, недостаточное внимание к собственному здоровью, несоблюдение лечебно-профилактических рекомендаций, самолечение.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Оценка резистентности организма преподавателей вузов по показателям заболеваемости с временной утратой трудоспособности, основанная на учёте листков нетрудоспособности, не может быть достоверным критерием. Использование социологических методов анкетного опроса позволяет получить достоверную информацию об истинных размерах заболеваемости, выявить причины, обусловливающие их рост, а также может являться вспомогательным инструментом при разработке медико-профилактических мероприятий, направленных на сохранение здоровья преподавателей вузов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. University pedagogical activity and unfavorable factors typical for the educational process have a negative impact on the health and contribute to the morbidity of teachers</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the influence of occupational activity on the resistance of the body of medical school teachers.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. Objects of study: teachers of Karaganda Medical University of three age categories (up to 30 years, 30-49 years and 50 years or more). An analysis of the incidence was carried out on sheets of temporary disability. The sociological survey was conducted on the questionnaires to assess the preventive, medical activity and self-assessment of the teachers’ own health. Statistical processing was made with the use of Statistica 8.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The incidence rate of university professors with temporary disability due to underestimated cases of diseases was revealed to be hidden (latent) in nature. A questionnaire survey revealed that 66.6% ÷ 85.0% of respondents had health problems. Only half of the respondents (55.6 ÷ 45.7%) rated their state of health as good, but this rating decreased with age (21.9%). According to nosology, in the structure of diseases among teachers of medical schools in the second and third age groups (30-49 years and 50 years and more), diseases of the cardiovascular system (52.6% and 61.9%, respectively), the musculoskeletal system (55.3% and 47.6%), the digestive system (36.4% ÷ 42.9%). The main reasons for the low level of health and the high incidence of medical teachers were: insufficient physical activity, poor nutrition, insufficient attention to their own health, failure to comply with treatment-and-prophylactic recommendations, self-treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. An assessment of the resistance of an organism of university teachers in terms of incidence rates with a temporary disability, based on disability records, cannot be a reliable criterion. Using sociological methods of a questionnaire survey allows getting reliable information about the true incidence rates, identifying the causes of their growth, and can also be a related tool in the development of medical and preventive measures aimed at preserving the health of university teachers.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медицинский университет</kwd><kwd>преподаватели-медики</kwd><kwd>здоровье</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>анкетный опрос</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medical university</kwd><kwd>medical teachers</kwd><kwd>health</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>questionnaire survey</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Комин С.В. Эколого-физиологическая характеристика труда профессорско-преподавательского состава вуза. 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