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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-6-628-633</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2309</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное состояние условий труда и здоровья овощеводов защищённого грунта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The current state of working conditions and health of vegetable growers of protected soil</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1162-3364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мигачева</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Migacheva</surname><given-names>Anna G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-0233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безрукова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezrukova</surname><given-names>Galina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-0559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Тамара Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>Tamara A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, доцент, зав. лаб. гигиены труда Саратовского МНЦ гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Роспотребнадзора, 410022, Саратов.</p><p>e-mail: novikovata-saratov@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, head of laboratory of occupational Health, Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center, Saratov, 410022, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: novikovata-saratov@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novikovata-saratov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-0099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирин</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirin</surname><given-names>Vladimir F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center Federal Scientific Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>628</fpage><lpage>633</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мигачева А.Г., Безрукова Г.А., Новикова Т.А., Спирин В.Ф., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мигачева А.Г., Безрукова Г.А., Новикова Т.А., Спирин В.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Migacheva A.G., Bezrukova G.A., Novikova T.A., Spirin V.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2309">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2309</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Инновационные малообъёмные технологии беспочвенного выращивания овощных культур меняют характер и условия труда работников, способствуя их переходу на качественно новый уровень безопасности для здоровья. Однако современные аспекты формирования здоровья работников теплиц пока остаются недостаточно изученными.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведены комплексные исследования условий труда и заболеваемости (общая, первичная, накопленная, нозологическая структура и её динамика) по данным периодических медицинских осмотров (2013–2017 гг.) овощеводов защищённого грунта, работающих в условиях применения инновационных технологий беспочвенного выращивания овощных культур.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что условия труда современного овощеводства защищённого грунта остаются неблагоприятными, не соответствуя гигиеническим нормативам по содержанию химических веществ и аэрозолей преимущественно фиброгенного действия (АПФД) в воздухе рабочей зоны, параметрам микроклимата и тяжести трудового процесса, формируя вредные условия труда (класс 3.3), представляющие высокий риск для здоровья работников. Общая заболеваемость овощеводов по разным годам наблюдения составляла от 845,6 до 1129‰ при частоте выявления случаев первичных заболеваний в пределах 181,8–231,9‰. Первые ранговые места в нозологической структуре общей заболеваемости занимали болезни системы кровообращения (эссенциальная гипертензия), мочеполовой (доброкачественная дисплазия молочной железы) и костно-мышечной систем (дорсалгии пояснично-крестцового и шейного уровней).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Границы исследования были определены изучением распространённости заболеваний, выявленных при периодических медицинских осмотрах у работников защищённого грунта в профессии «овощевод», и изучением производственных факторов, обусловливающих возникновение этих заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Условия труда в овощеводстве защищённого грунта продолжают оставаться вредными, представляя риск развития и прогрессирования у работников хронических общесоматических заболеваний, что свидетельствует о необходимости дальнейших исследований, включая выявление статистических закономерностей зависимости уровней воздействия факторов и вероятности негативных изменений состояния здоровья.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследования проведены после получения информированного добровольного согласия участников в соответствии с этическими принципами проведения медицинских исследований с привлечением человека, принятыми Хельсинкской декларацией ВМА (1975 г., с изменениями 2008 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Мигачева А.Г. — дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных; Безрукова Г.А. — обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование; Новикова Т.А. — концепция исследования, написание текста, редактирование; Спирин В.Ф. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 11.04.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.06.2022 / Опубликована: 26.06.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Innovative low-volume technologies for soilless cultivation of vegetable crops are changing the nature and working conditions of workers, contributing to their transition to a qualitatively new level of health safety. However, modern aspects of the formation of the health of greenhouse workers remain insufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Comprehensive studies of working conditions and morbidity (general, primary, accumulated, nosological structure and its dynamics) were carried out according to periodic medical examinations (2013–2017) of greenhouse vegetable growers working under the conditions of using innovative technologies for soilless cultivation of vegetable crops.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Working conditions of modern greenhouse vegetable growing were shown to remain unfavourable. They not meet the hygienic standards for the content of chemicals and aerosols of predominantly fibrogenic action (APFD) in the air of the working area, the parameters of the microclimate and the severity of the labour process, forming harmful working conditions (class 3.3), representing high risk to the health of workers. The overall incidence of vegetable growers in different years of observation ranged from 845.6 to 1129.0‰ with the frequency of detection of incidence in the range of 181.8–231.9‰. The first ranking places in the nosological structure of general morbidity were occupied by diseases of the circulatory system (Essential (primary) hypertension), genitourinary (Benign mammary dysplasia) and musculoskeletal systems (Dorsalgia of the lumbosacral and cervical levels).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The boundaries of the study are determined by studying the prevalence of diseases detected during periodic medical examinations among workers in protected ground in the vegetable grower profession and by studying the production factors that cause their occurrence.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Working conditions in greenhouse vegetable growing continue to be harmful, presenting a risk of development and progression of chronic general somatic diseases among workers, which indicates the need for further research, including the identification of statistical patterns between indicators of the levels of exposure to factors and the likelihood of negative changes in health status.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The studies were conducted after obtaining the informed voluntary consent of the participants in accordance with the ethical principles for conducting medical research involving humans, adopted by the WMA Declaration of Helsinki (1975) as amended in 2008.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Migacheva A.G. — the design of the study, collection and processing of material; Bezrukova G.A. — data processing, writing a text, editing; Novikova T.A. — the concept and design of the study, writing a text, editing; Spirin V.F. — editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: April 11, 2022 / Accepted: June 8, 2022 / Published: June 26, 2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>овощеводы защищённого грунта</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>общая</kwd><kwd>первичная и накопленная заболеваемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vegetable growers of protected soil</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>general</kwd><kwd>primary and accumulated morbidity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента РФ № 474 «О национальных целях развития Российской Федерации на период до 2030 года»; 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 474 «On the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030»; 2020. 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