medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-6-649-654medlit-2313Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHБиомаркеры хронического профессионального стресса (обзор литературы)Biomarkers of chronic occupational stress (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-0233БезруковаГалина АлександровнаBezrukovaGalina A.

Доктор мед. наук, доцент, гл. науч. сотр. отд. медицины труда Саратовского МНЦ гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 410022, Саратов, Россия.

e-mail: bezrukovagala@yandex.ru

MD, PhD, DSci., Associate Professor, Chief researcher of the Department of Occupational Health of the Saratov Scientific Research Center for Hygiene, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Population Health Risk Management, Saratov, 410022, Russian Federation.

e-mail: bezrukovagala@yandex.ru

bezrukovagala@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-7918МикеровА. Н.MikerovAnatoly N.noemail@neicon.ruСаратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаSaratov Medical Hygiene Scientific Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management TechnologiesСаратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И. Разумовского» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииSaratov Medical Hygiene Scientific Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies; V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University2022300620221016649654Copyright © Безрукова Г.А., Микеров А.Н., 20222022Безрукова Г.А., Микеров А.Н.Bezrukova G.A., Mikerov A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2313

В работе обобщены результаты современных исследований взаимосвязи хронического профессионального стресса с широким спектром биомаркеров гомеостаза и функционального состояния организма. С позиций диагностической и прогностической значимости нейроэндокринных, нейрофизиологических, иммунных и метаболических биомаркеров хронического профессионального стресса были проанализированы 62 публикации, в наибольшей степени отвечающие цели работы, выбранные из 187 источников научной информации баз данных КиберЛенинка, PubMed и Google scholar. Рассмотрены ключевые гормоны и интермедиаты, лимитирующие баланс и направленность реакций симпатоадреналовой системы, гипоталамо-гипофизарно-адреналовой, гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадной и гипоталамо-гипофизарно-тиреоидной осей, а также ряд наиболее значимых показателей иммунной системы, характеризующих соотношение про- и противовоспалительных процессов, возникающих в организме при хроническом воздействии психосоциальных факторов рабочей среды. Определены основные методические проблемы (выбор объекта исследований, отсутствие унифицированных методов, вмешивающиеся факторы), затрудняющие интерпретацию результатов тестирования биомаркеров при хроническом стрессе и внедрение нейроэндокринных и иммунных показателей в клиническую практику. Показано, что полибиомаркерные исследования, основанные на концепции аллостерической нагрузки, открывают новые возможности для превентивного и перспективного управления стрессом на рабочем месте.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Безрукова Г.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и написание текста; Микеров А.Н. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 11.04.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.06.2022 / Опубликована: 26.06.2022

The review concentrates on generalizing results produced by contemporary studies on relations between chronic occupational stress and a wide range of biomarkers of homeostasis and functional state of the body. Bearing in mind diagnostic and predictive significance of neuroendocrine, neurophysiologic, immune and metabolic biomarkers of chronic occupational stress, we analyzed sixty two published papers that were best suitable for our goals. These works were selected from one hundred eighty seven information sources available in CyberLeninka, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. We considered key hormones and intermediates which impose certain limitation on the balance and directions of reactions by the sympathoadrenal system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. We also examined several most significant indicators of the immune system functioning which described the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory processes occurring in the body under chronic exposure to psychoemotional occupational factors. We spotted out major methodical issues (a choice of a research object, absence of unified research procedures, interfering factors) which created certain difficulties in interpretation of results produced by testing biomarkers under chronic stress and in use of neuroendocrine and immune indicators in clinical practice. Poly-biomarker studies based on the concept of allostatic loads were shown to bring about new opportunities for preventive and prospect occupational stress management.

Contribution

Contribution: Bezrukova G.A. — the concept and design of the study, the collection of material and writing the text; Mikerov A.N. — editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: April 11, 2022 / Accepted: June 8, 2022 / Published: June 26, 2022

хронический стрессстресс на рабочем местеаллостатическая нагрузкасимпатико-адреналовая системаось «гипоталамус - гипофиз - надпочечники»гипоталамо-гипофиз-гонадная осьгипоталамо-гипофиз-тиреоидная осьиммунная системафизиологические биомаркерыметаболические биомаркерыобзорchronic stressoccupational stressallostatic loadsympathoadrenal systemhypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axishypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axishypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axisimmune systemphysiological biomarkersmetabolic biomarkersreviewReferencesAronsson G., Theorell T., Grape T., Hammarström A., Hogstedt C., Marteinsdottir I., et al. A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms. BMC Public Health. 2017; 17(1): 264. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4153-7Aronsson G., Theorell T., Grape T., Hammarström A., Hogstedt C., Marteinsdottir I., et al. A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.