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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-1-76-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-234</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОЦЕНКА РИСКОВ ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка риска нарушения состояния здоровья работников машиностроения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk assessment of health disorders in employees at the machinery enterprise</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1332-1674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабанова</surname><given-names>Любовь Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabanova</surname><given-names>Lyubov A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. профилактической медицины и экологии человека ФПК и ППС ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>e-mail: balabanova-la@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Preventive Medicine and Human Ecology of Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: balabanova-la@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">balabanova-la@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камаев</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamaev</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1930-0770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имамов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imamov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-2620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>О. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>O. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧОУ ВО Институт социальных и гуманитарных знаний</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Social and Humanitarian Knowledge</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балабанова Л.А., Камаев С.К., Имамов А.А., Радченко О.Р., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балабанова Л.А., Камаев С.К., Имамов А.А., Радченко О.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balabanova L.A., Kamaev S.K., Imamov A.A., Radchenko O.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/234">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/234</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Неблагоприятные воздействия факторов среды обитания могут вызывать нарушения функционирования органов и систем, гормональную дисфункцию, генетические нарушения, что может неблагоприятно отразиться на здоровье будущих поколений. </p><p>Цель – изучить профессиональные факторы риска и оценить их влияние на состояние здоровья мужчин – работников машиностроительного предприятия, разработать профилактические мероприятия.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Изучены условия труда 318 мужчин – работников основных профессий машиностроительного предприятия (фрезеровщик, слесарь, электрогазосварщик, токарь, литейщик и др.), имеющих профессиональный контакт с вредными производственными факторами, в сравнении с 148 работниками группы контроля. Применялись эпидемиологические, социально-гигиенические, статистические методы и метод расчёта риска.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что профессиональный контакт со смазочно-охлаждающими жидкостями имеют 68,2% опрошенных, 24,3% контактируют с химическими веществами, 14,4% – с тяжёлыми металлами, 66,2% опрошенных работают в условиях воздействия шума, 40,1% – локальной вибрации, 22,3% – в условиях переохлаждения, 14,4% – в условиях перегревания. В воздухе рабочей зоны выявлены превышения предельно допустимых концентраций бенз(а)пирена, аэрозолей минеральных масел, эпихлоргидрина. На рабочих местах имелись превышения уровней шума, общей вибрации, теплового излучения. Установлено, что воздействие вредных производственных факторов на рабочих местах формирует высокий риск для здоровья работников.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Условия труда работников машиностроительного предприятия преимущественно оцениваются как вредные. Определены критические органы и системы для развития профессиональной патологии, выявлен высокий канцерогенный риск от воздействия бенз(а)пирена. Показано, что у работников предприятия машиностроения имеется высокий риск возникновения онкологических заболеваний, болезней органов дыхания, центральной нервной системы, патологии у потомства. По итогам сформированы группы риска и предложены адресные профилактические мероприятия, включающие мониторинг состояния здоровья групп повышенного риска, проведение профессиональных отборов и медицинских осмотров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Adverse effects of environmental factors can cause dysfunction of organs and systems, hormonal dysfunction, genetic disorders, which can adversely affect the health of future generations. </p><p>The aim is to study occupational risk factors and assess their impact on the health of male workers of machine-building enterprises, to develop preventive measures.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The working conditions of 318 male workers of the main professions of the machine-building enterprise (miller, locksmith, electric and gas welder, turner, caster, etc.), having occupational contact with harmful occupational factors, were studied in comparison with 148 employees of the control group. Epidemiological, socio-hygienic, statistical and risk calculation methods were used. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 68.2% of respondents were found to have occupational contact with cutting fluid, 24.3% contact with chemicals, 14.4% - with heavy metals, 66.2% of respondents work in conditions of noise exposure, 40.1% - local vibration, 22.3% - in conditions of hypothermia, 14.4% - in conditions of overheating. Excess of maximum permissible concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene, aerosols of mineral oils, epichlorohydrin was detected in the air of the working zone. At workplaces, there were excess levels of noise, general vibration, thermal radiation. The impact of harmful occupational factors in the workplace was established to create a high risk to the health of workers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Working conditions of workers of the machine-building enterprise are mainly estimated as harmful. Critical organs and systems for the development of occupational pathology were identified, the high carcinogenic risk from exposure to benzo(a)pyrene was revealed. Employees of the machine-building enterprise were shown to have a high risk of oncology, respiratory diseases, central nervous system diseases, pathology in offspring. As a result, risk groups were formed and targeted preventive measures were proposed, including monitoring of the health status of high-risk groups, occupational selection, and medical examinations.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машиностроение</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>вредные производственные факторы</kwd><kwd>канцерогенные и неканцерогенные риски</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mechanical engineering</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>harmful occupational factors</kwd><kwd>carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Радченко О.Р., Уразманов А.Р. Роль социальных и гигиенических факторов в формировании нарушений репродуктивной функции у мужчин. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2011; 6: 11-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radchenko O.R., Urazmanov A.R. 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