<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-1-80-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОЦЕНКА РИСКОВ ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние профессиональных факторов риска на развитие нижнепоясничного болевого синдрома у рабочих промышленных предприятий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of occupational risk factors on the development of lower back pain in industrial workers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потатурко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potaturko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терехов</surname><given-names>Никита Леонидович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terekhov</surname><given-names>Nikita L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр., врач-невролог НПО «Клиника неврологии» ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург.</p><p>e-mail: terehovnl@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior researcher, neurologist of the Clinic for Neurology, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: terehovnl@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">terehovnl@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодушкин</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodushkin</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin Ural Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Широков В.А., Потатурко А.В., Терехов Н.Л., Солодушкин С.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широков В.А., Потатурко А.В., Терехов Н.Л., Солодушкин С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shirokov V.A., Potaturko A.V., Terekhov N.L., Solodushkin S.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/235">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/235</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Спондилогенные болевые синдромы широко распространены среди населения трудоспособного возраста и являются частой причиной нетрудоспособности. Идентификация профессиональных рисков болей в спине необходима для решения экспертных вопросов и разработки мероприятий по профилактике заболеваемости.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Изучены распространённость и отношение шансов развития БНЧС (LBP) у 3215 работающих в условиях физического перенапряжения, гиподинамии, вибрации по результатам периодического медицинского осмотра.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При низкой суммарной (на рабочем месте и вне его) физической активности (ФА) и при интенсивной ФА показатели распространённости сопоставимы и не имеют достоверных отличий (38,9 и 33,8% соответственно). Гиподинамия на работе и гиподинамия в свободное от работы время оказывает одинаковое влияние и увеличивает шансы возникновения БНЧС в 1,5 раза. Совместное влияние таких производственных факторов, как вынужденная рабочая поза (класс условий труда 3.1–3.2) и повышенные уровни общей вибрации повышают распространённость БНЧС до 78,7%. Сочетанное же влияние неблагоприятной рабочей позы, длительного пребывания в положении сидя и общей вибрации приводит к значительному увеличению распространённости БНЧС до 84,21%, повышая шансы в 80 раз.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Максимальный риск развития БНЧС (отношение шансов – 80) отмечен при сочетанном воздействии неблагоприятной рабочей позы, длительного пребывания в положении сидя и общей вибрации. Результаты исследования подтверждают, что низкий и высокий уровень физической активности увеличивают риск возникновения боли в спине, а умеренная физическая активность снижает вероятность возникновения боли в нижней части спины.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Spondylogenic back pain is common in the working-age population and often results in a working disability. In order to ensure professional decision-making and inform preventive measures, occupational risk factors for low back pain (LBP) need to be identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Using a regular medical check-up examination data, we analyzed the prevalence and the odds ratio of LBP in 3215 individuals working in physically demanding jobs and exposed to physical inactivity and vibration. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. No statistically significant differences in LBP prevalence were found between workers exposed to low total physical activity (PA), in and out of work, and those exposed to physical overwork (38.9% и 33.8% respectively). Physical inactivity in the workplace and hypodynamia during leisure-time cause similar effects and increase the risk of LBP by 1.5 times. A combination of occupational factors such as a constrained posture (class 3.1-3.2 according to the National Labor Legislation) and whole-body vibration increases LBP risk up to 78.7%. Whereas the combination of a constrained posture, prolonged sedentary position, and whole-body vibration, increases LBP prevalence up to 84.21% (OR: 80).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The highest risk of LBP (OR: 80.0) was assigned to the combination of constrained posture, prolonged sedentary position, and whole-body vibration. The obtained data suggest that both low PA and physical overwork increase the risk of LBP, whereas moderate PA reduces it.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональные факторы риска</kwd><kwd>распространённость</kwd><kwd>отношение шансов</kwd><kwd>рабочие промышленных предприятий</kwd><kwd>боль в нижней части спины</kwd><kwd>физическая активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational risk factors</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>odds ratio</kwd><kwd>industrial workers</kwd><kwd>lower back pain</kwd><kwd>physical activity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Low Back Pain/Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012; 42 (4): A1-A57. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2012.0301</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Low Back Pain/Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012; 42 (4): A1-A57. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2012.0301</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кремер Ю. Заболевания межпозвонковых дисков. Под общ. ред. проф. В.А. Широкова. М.: МЕДпресс-информ; 2015. 472 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kremer Yu. Diseases of the intervertebral disc. [Zabolevaniya mezhpozvonkovykh diskov]. Shirokov V.A., ed. Moscow: MEDpress-inform; 2015. 472 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов Э.И., Чечалин П.В. Профессионально обусловленная заболеваемость: основы методологии. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2006; 8: 5-10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov E.I., Chechalin P.V. Occupationally determined incidence: the basics of methodology. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya [Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology]. 2006; 8: 5–10. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Широков В.А. Боль - детерминанта профессионального заболевания скелетно-мышечной системы. Российский журнал боли. 2013; 1: 86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shirokov V.A. Pain is a determinant of occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Rossiyskiy zhurnal boli. 2013; 1: 86. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee N. et al. Perceived discrimination and low back pain among 28,532 workers in South Korea: effect modification by labor union status. Soc Sci Med. 2017; 177: 198-204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee N. et al. Perceived discrimination and low back pain among 28,532 workers in South Korea: effect modification by labor union status. Soc Sci Med. 2017; 177: 198–204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farioli A., Mattioli S., Quaglieri A., Curti S., Violante F.S., Coggon D. Musculoskeletal pain in Europe: the role of personal, occupational and social risk factors. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2014; 40 (1): 36-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farioli A., Mattioli S., Quaglieri A., Curti S., Violante F.S., Coggon D. Musculoskeletal pain in Europe: the role of personal, occupational and social risk factors. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2014; 40 (1): 36–46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Широков В.А., Гончаренко И.М., Потатурко А.В., Панов В.Г., Вараксин А.Н. Гиподинамия как фактор риска боли в нижней части спины (материалы XXII Российской научно-практической конференции с международным участием «Боль - болезнь. От теории к практике», 15-17 сентября 2016 г., Волгоград). Российский журнал боли. 2016; 2 (50): 63-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shirokov V.A., Goncharenko I.M., Potaturko A.V., Panov V.G., Varaksin A.N. Hypodynamia as a risk factor for pain in the lower back (Proceedings of the XXII Russian scientific-practical conference with international participation “Pain is a disease. From theory to practice”. September 15–17, 2016, Volgograd). Rossiyskiy zhurnal boli. 2016; 2 (50): 63–4 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonde J.P., Jurgensen K.T., Bonzini M., Palmer K.T. Miscarriage and occupational activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding shift work, working hours, lifting, standing and physical workload. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013; 39 (4): 325-34</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonde J.P., Jurgensen K.T., Bonzini M., Palmer K.T. Miscarriage and occupational activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding shift work, working hours, lifting, standing and physical workload. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013; 39 (4): 325–34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лагутина Г.Н. Факторы риска развития болезней спины. В кн.: Профессиональный риск для здоровья работников. Руководство. Под ред. Н.Ф. Измерова и Э.И. Денисова. М.: Тровант; 2003: 315-20</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lagutina G.N. Risk factors for developing back diseases. In: Occupational health risks for workers. Leadership. [Faktory riska razvitiya bolezney spiny. V kn.: Professional’nyy risk dlya zdorov’ya rabotnikov. Rukovodstvo]. Izmerov N.F., Denisov E.I., eds. Moscow: Trovant; 2003: 315–20. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersen J.H., Haahr J.P., Frost P. Details on the association between heavy lifting and low back pain. Spine J. 2011; 11 (7): 690-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andersen J.H., Haahr J.P., Frost P. Details on the association between heavy lifting and low back pain. Spine J. 2011; 11 (7): 690–1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plouvier S., Chastang J.F., Cyr D., Bonenfant S., Descatha A. et al. Occupational biomechanical exposure predicts low back pain in older age among men in the Gazel Cohort. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015; 8 (4): 501-10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plouvier S., Chastang J.F., Cyr D., Bonenfant S., Descatha A. et al. Occupational biomechanical exposure predicts low back pain in older age among men in the Gazel Cohort. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015; 8 (4): 501–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burström L., Nilsson T., Wahlström J. Whole-body vibration and the risk of low back pain and sciatica: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intern Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015; 88 (4): 403-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burström L., Nilsson T., Wahlström J. Whole-body vibration and the risk of low back pain and sciatica: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intern Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015; 88 (4): 403–18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghaffari M. et al. Effect of psychosocial factors on low back pain in industrial workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2008; 58: 341-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghaffari M. et al. Effect of psychosocial factors on low back pain in industrial workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2008; 58: 341–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Широков В.А., Потатурко А.В., Вараксин А.В. К проблеме клинико-эпидемиологического обоснования профессиональной этиологии нижнепоясничного болевого синдрома. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2017; 9: 221-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shirokov V.A., Potaturko A.V., Varaksin A.V. To the problem of clinical and epidemiological substantiation of professional etiology of lower lumbar pain. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya [Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology]. 2017; 9: 221–2. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hagstromer M., Oja1 P., Sjostrom M. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutr. 2005; 9 (6): 755-62. https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2005898</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hagstromer M., Oja1 P., Sjostrom M. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutr. 2005; 9 (6): 755–62. https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2005898</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenthal J. Qualitative descriptors of strength of association and effect size. J Soc Serv Res. 1996; 21: 37-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenthal J. Qualitative descriptors of strength of association and effect size. J Soc Serv Res. 1996; 21: 37–59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
