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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-7-816-823</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2380</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка математических моделей прогнозирования острой токсичности химических веществ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative evaluation of mathematical models for predicting acute toxicity of chemicals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-7981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Специалист отдела физико-химических исследований и экотоксикологии, ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА, 119121, Москва, Россия; аспирант, ассистент кафедры экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана, ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)», 199911, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Specialist of the Department of Physico-Chemical Research and Ecotoxicology, Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation; postgraduate student, Assistant of the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene of the Institute of Public Health named after F.F.Erisman, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, 199911, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-9990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolayeva</surname><given-names>Natalia I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-8410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filin</surname><given-names>Andrey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7032-1366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савостикова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savostikova</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>816</fpage><lpage>823</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусева Е.А., Николаева Н.И., Филин А.С., Савостикова О.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусева Е.А., Николаева Н.И., Филин А.С., Савостикова О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guseva E.A., Nikolayeva N.I., Filin A.S., Savostikova O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2380">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2380</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Оценке острой токсичности химических соединений при пероральном поступлении уделяется значительное внимание в связи с различной скоростью всасывания веществ у разных видов животных и разными условиями проведения эксперимента. Учитывая темпы развития химической промышленности, перед исследователями встаёт вопрос об ускорении изучения свойств веществ и заполнении пробелов в данных. Поэтому прогнозирование на количественном уровне токсических свойств веществ с помощью математических моделей на основе структуры или структурных свойств соединений — QSAR-моделирование — является одним из перспективных направлений.</p><p>Цель исследования — создание и сравнение полученных математических моделей для прогнозирования острой токсичности химических веществ различных классов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено четыре класса пестицидов (хлорорганические соединения (ХОС), азолы, карбаматы, фосфорорганические соединения (ФОС)) в количестве 100 соединений с дескрипторами, рассчитанными программным обеспечением PaDEL-Descriptors ver. 2.21. В программе WEKA были построены модели регрессии, подвергнутые процедуре внутренней валидации. Для оценки качества регрессионных моделей были использованы статистические параметры: среднеквадратичная ошибка (RMSE) и коэффициент детерминации (r2).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для прогнозирования острой пероральной токсичности ХОС и ФОС оптимально использование модели, в которой происходит комбинирование нейронных сетей и метода опорных векторов, для карбаматов — ансамблевой модели, включающей в себя линейную регрессию и метод опорных векторов. Для веществ из группы азолов не удалось создать модели, которая бы соответствовала необходимым требованиям: r2 &gt; 0,6 для тренировочного набора и r2 &gt; 0,5 при проведении кросс-валидации.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование ограничено количеством исследуемых соединений, классами химических соединений, областью распространения полученных в ходе моделирования результатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В данном исследовании ансамблевые методы моделирования продемонстрировали наилучшие результаты при прогнозировании острой пероральной токсичности для ХОС, карбаматов, ФОС.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Гусева Е.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка, написание текста; Николаева Н.И. — написание текста, редактирование; Филин А.С. — редактирование; Савостикова О.Н. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 18.03.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.06.2022 / Опубликована: 31.07.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Considerable attention is paid to the assessment of acute toxicity of chemical compounds during oral administration due to the different rates of absorption of substances in different animal species and various experimental conditions. Given the pace of development of the chemical industry, researchers are faced with the question of accelerating the study of the properties of substances and filling data gaps. Therefore, quantitative prediction of the toxic properties of substances using mathematical models based on the structure or structural properties of compounds — quantitative structure — activity relationship (QSAR) modeling — is one of the promising areas.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to create and compare the performance of the obtained mathematical models for predicting the acute toxicity of various classes of chemicals.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included four classes of pesticides (organochlorine compounds (OCs), azoles, carbamates, organophosphorus compounds (OPs) in the amount of 100 compounds with descriptors calculated by PaDEL-Descriptors software ver. 2.21. Regression models were constructed in the WEKA software, subjected to an internal validation procedure. Statistical parameters such as the mean square error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (r2) were used to assess the quality of regression models.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. To predict acute oral toxicity of OCs and OPs, it is optimal to use a model in which neural networks and the support vector method are combined, for carbamates — an ensemble model that includes linear regression and the support vector method. For substances from the azole group, it was not possible to create a model that would meet the necessary requirements: r2&gt;0.6 for the training set and r2 &gt;0.5 for cross–validation.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study is limited by the number of compounds studied, the class of chemical compounds, and the area of distribution of the results obtained during modeling.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In this study, ensemble modelling methods demonstrated the best results in predicting acute oral toxicity for OCs, carbamates, and OPs.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require submission of the opinion of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Guseva E.A. — the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing a text; Nikolayeva N.I. — writing a text, editing; Filin A.S. — editing; Savostikova O.N. — editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: March 18, 2022 / Accepted: June 08, 2022 / Published: July 31, 2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>QSAR</kwd><kwd>острая токсичность</kwd><kwd>математические модели</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>QSAR</kwd><kwd>acute toxicity</kwd><kwd>mathematical models</kwd><kwd>prediction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamadache M., Benkortbi O., Hanini S., Amrane A., Khaouane L., Si Moussa C. A quantitative structure activity relationship for acute oral toxicity of pesticides on rats: Validation, domain of application and prediction. J. Hazard. 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