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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-6-551-556</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиенические аспекты оценки процесса формирования комфортной городской среды</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygienic aspects of evaluating the process of creating a comfortable urban environment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-5457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копытенкова</surname><given-names>Ольга Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopytenkova</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. отдела анализа риска здоровью населения ФБУН «СевероЗападный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья», 191036, Санкт-Петербург.</p><p>e-mail: 5726164@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5726164@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-7401</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леванчук</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levanchuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-4528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябец</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabets</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western scientific center of hygiene and public health; St.Petersburg State University of Railways of Emperor Alexander I</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St.Petersburg State University of Railways of Emperor Alexander I</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>551</fpage><lpage>556</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Копытенкова О.И., Леванчук А.В., Рябец В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Копытенкова О.И., Леванчук А.В., Рябец В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kopytenkova O.L., Levanchuk A.V., Ryabets V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/24">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/24</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В национальных программах основное внимание уделяется решению социальных и экономических проблем. В то же время гигиеническая характеристика окружающей среды в городах, определяющая условия проживания, не входит в полной мере в документы, регламентирующие формирование городской среды.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В работе проведён контент-анализ действующей в настоящее время нормативно-методической литературы, рекомендованной к использованию при оценке «формирования комфортной городской среды» населённых пунктов России.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Существующие в настоящее время методики оценки «комфортности городской среды» (методика формирования индекса качества городской среды от 23 марта 2019 г. № 510-р) и «качества городской среды проживания» (методика оценки качества городской среды проживания от 9 сентября 2013 г. № 371) непригодны для определения стратегии развития территорий страны, так как в процедуру оценки не входят ключевые гигиенические показатели комфортности природной среды и условий проживания населения, которые позволяют гражданам удовлетворять жилищные потребности и обеспечивать высокое качество жизни в целом, включая рождение здоровых детей, сохранение здоровья взрослого населения и предотвращение преждевременной смертности.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Поскольку городская среда интегрирует множество межуровневых взаимосвязей различного характера (экономического, социального, культурного и др.), предусматривается её изучение как многоуровневой структуры, при этом обосновано использование иерархического подхода. Для реализации такого подхода в составе показателя комфортности городской среды рекомендуется учесть показатели различных групп, влияющие на комфортность городской среды и имеющие непосредственное отношение к гигиенической характеристике территории: A - климатогеографические; B - демографические; C - социальные; D - экономические; E - градостроительные; F - показатели транспортной инфраструктуры; G - показатели качества окружающей среды.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The national programs focus on solving social and economic problems. At the same time, the hygienic characteristics of the urban environment that determine living conditions are not fully included in the documents regulating the formation of the urban environment. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The paper provides a content analysis of the current normative and methodological literature recommended for use in assessing the “formation of a comfortable urban environment” in Russian localities.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Currently, existing methods for assessing the “comfort of the urban environment” (methodology for forming the urban environment quality index dated March 23, 2019, No. 510-R) and “quality of the urban living environment” (methodology for assessing the quality of the urban living environment dated September 9, 2013, 371) are not suitable for determining the development strategy of the country’s territories because the assessment procedure does not include key hygienic indices of the comfort of the natural environment and living conditions of the population, which allow citizens to meet housing needs and ensure a high quality of life in General, including the birth of healthy children, maintaining the health of the adult population and preventing premature mortality.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The urban environment integrates a variety of inter-level relations of various types (economic, social, cultural, etc.). It is intended to study it as a multi-level structure, for this purpose, it is necessary to use a hierarchical approach. To implement this approach, it is recommended to take into account the indices of various groups that affect the comfort of the urban environment and are directly related to the hygienic characteristics of the territory: A-climatogeographic; B-demographic; C-social; D-economic; E - urban planning; F - indices of transport infrastructure; G-environmental quality indices.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>городская среда</kwd><kwd>качество среды обитания</kwd><kwd>гигиеническая характеристика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>комфортность городской среды</kwd><kwd>акустическая нагрузка</kwd><kwd>urban environment</kwd><kwd>quality of the environment</kwd><kwd>hygienic characteristics</kwd><kwd>the comfort of the urban environment</kwd><kwd>acoustic load</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приказ Минрегиона России от 09.09.2013 № 371 «Об утверждении методики оценки качества городской среды проживания».</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia dated 09.09.2013 No. 371 “On approval of the methodology for assessing the quality of the urban living environment”. 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