medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-9-1023-1028medlit-2544Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENEПандемия COVID-19 и загрязнение окружающей среды (обзор литературы)Pandemic COVID-19 and environmental pollution (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-2063СизоваЕлена НиколаевнаSizovaElena N.

Доктор биол. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры менеджмента и товароведения ФГБОУ ВО «Кировский ГМУ» МЗ РФ, 610998, Киров.

e-mail: cizovahelena@mail.ru

MD, PhD., DSci., professor of the Kirov State Medical University, Kirov, 610998, Russian Federation.

e-mail: cizovahelena@mail.ru

cizovahelena@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-1909ШмаковаЛ. Н.ShmakovaLudmila N.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5394-5206ВидякинаЕ. В.VidyakinaEvgenia V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО «Государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияKirov State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202208102022101910231028Copyright © Сизова Е.Н., Шмакова Л.Н., Видякина Е.В., 20222022Сизова Е.Н., Шмакова Л.Н., Видякина Е.В.Sizova E.N., Shmakova L.N., Vidyakina E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2544

Цель работы — провести обзор и анализ литературы о влиянии пандемии COVID-19 на окружающую среду и о влиянии окружающей среды на распространение SARS-CoV-2.

Поиск литературы проведён по базам данных MedLine, PubMed и eLIBRARY.

Благодаря мерам по борьбе с пандемией COVID-19 в мире произошёл резкий спад экономической активности, что в свою очередь привело к улучшению качества воздуха и воды и способствовало глобальному сокращению выбросов парниковых газов, но это улучшение было кратковременным. Одновременно увеличилось количество пластиковых медицинских отходов, таких как использованные средства общественной и индивидуальной защиты от COVID-19, и, как следствие, возникла проблема их утилизации. Это привело к загрязнению физических пространств воды и земли и создало угрозу заражения населения. С помощью концентрирования РНК SARS-CoV-2 из сточных вод городов и последующего подсчёта вирусных РНК количественной полимеразной цепной реакцией обратной транскриптазы провели раннее определение COVID-19 методом моделирования в конкретных популяциях. Наличие РНК SARS-CoV-2 в сточных водах является потенциальным риском для здоровья населения. Высокий уровень загрязнения окружающей среды (длительное воздействие производных горения ископаемого топлива) и метеорологические параметры (ионизирующее и ультрафиолетовое излучения), а также сигаретный дым считают дополнительными факторами, увеличивающими распространение и летальность при COVID-19.

Жизнеспособность SARS-CoV-2 зависит от водных и наземных параметров окружающей среды.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Сизова Е.Н. — сбор данных литературы, написание текста, редактирование; Шмакова Л.Н. — редактирование; Видякина Е.В. — сбор данных литературы. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 04.05.2022 / Принята к печати: 04.08.2022 / Опубликована: 30.09.2022

The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment and, conversely, on the environmental impact on the spread of SARS-CoV-2.

The literature search was carried out using the MedLine, PubMed and eLIBRARY databases.

Thanks to measures to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, the world experienced a sharp decline in economic activity, which in turn led to improvements in air and water quality and contributed to the global reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, but this improvement was short-lived. Quarantine measures not only protect the population from COVID-19, but also positively affect the environmental quality. At the same time, the amount of plastic medical waste, such as used public and personal protective equipment against COVID-19, increased, and as a result, the problem of their disposal arose. This has led to the contamination of the water and land physical spaces and created the population contamination threat. Using the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from urban wastewater and subsequent counting of viral RNAs by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, an early determination of COVID-19 was carried out by modelling in specific populations. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater is a potential public health risk. High levels of environmental pollution (long-term exposure to derivatives of fossil fuel combustion), meteorological parameters (ionizing and UV radiation), and cigarette smoke, are considered to be additional factors increasing the spread and mortality of COVID-19.

The SARS-CoV-2 viability depends on aquatic and terrestrial environmental parameters.

Contribution

Contribution: Sizova E.N. — writing a text, collection of literature data, editing; Shmakova L.N. — editing; Vidyakina E.V. — collection of literature data. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version. 

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The investigation was not sponsored

Received

Received: May 4, 2022 / Accepted: August 04, 2022 / Published: September 30, 2022 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.