medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-9-1065-1071medlit-2551Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHСтресс на рабочем месте: основные причины и меры профилактики (обзор литературы)Workplace stress: the main causes and preventive measures (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6861-6886ФагамоваАлина ЗульфировнаFagamovaAlina Z.

Мл. науч. сотр. ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека», 450106, Уфа.

e-mail: alinafagamova@gmail.com

Jr. scientific. sotr. Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation.

e-mail: alinafagamova@gmail.com

alinafagamova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3130-2592КапцовВ. А.KaptsovValery A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-8260КаримоваЛ. К.KarimovaLiliya K.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3258-2477ШаповалИ. В.ShapovalInna V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-3519МулдашеваН. А.MuldashevaNadezhda A.noemail@neicon.ruФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»РоссияUfa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human EcologyRussian FederationФГУП «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт гигиены транспорта Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (вниижг)»РоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Transport Hygiene of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man WellbeingRussian Federation202208102022101910651071Copyright © Фагамова А.З., Капцов В.А., Каримова Л.К., Шаповал И.В., Мулдашева Н.А., 20222022Фагамова А.З., Капцов В.А., Каримова Л.К., Шаповал И.В., Мулдашева Н.А.Fagamova A.Z., Kaptsov V.A., Karimova L.K., Shapoval I.V., Muldasheva N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2551

Стресс на сегодняшний день — одно из самых распространённых патологических состояний. В последние годы отмечено повышение уровня стресса, а также сопряжённых с ним тревоги, депрессии и синдрома выгорания, что приводит к распространению психологической дезадаптации и пограничных состояний. Работающее население находится в условиях непрерывного воздействия не только социального, но и профессионального стресса, что создаёт финансовое бремя для организаций и общества в целом. В обзоре рассмотрены приоритетные направления изучения воздействия производственного стресса на организм работающих, а также основные профессии, в которых отмечается влияние стресса, и способы его профилактики.

Поиск литературы осуществляли по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, CyberLeninka, РИНЦ.

Наиболее подвержены производственному стрессу работники опасных профессий (водители автотранспорта, работники локомотивных бригад, сотрудники правоохранительных органов, пожарные, спасатели), лица, занимающие руководящие должности, трудящиеся мигранты, а также медицинские работники.

Под воздействием стресса возрастает число страдающих от вредных привычек лиц, которые используют никотин, алкоголь, кофеин, снотворные и наркотические средства как негативный способ преодоления стресса и его последствий. Отдельно отмечено влияние стресса на развитие заболеваний в связи с опасными условиями труда и такими особенностями организации рабочего процесса, как сменная работа и «эмоциональный труд». Указаны основные направления профилактических мероприятий по снижению уровня стресса на рабочем месте.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Фагамова А.З. — концепция и дизайн обзора, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Капцов В.А. — концепция и дизайн обзора, написание текста, редактирование; Каримова Л.К. — концепция и дизайн обзора, написание текста, редактирование; Шаповал И.В., Мулдашева Н.А. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 31.05.2022 / Принята к печати: 04.08.2022 / Опубликована: 30.09.2022

Today stress is one of the most common pathological conditions. Associated with the stress, it’s level, anxiety, depression, and burnout syndrome are still increasing and lead to the spread of psychological maladaptation and borderline states.

Working population is under continuous exposure not only to social, but also occupational stress, which creates a financial burden for institutions and whole society. This review outlines the main directions of studying the impact of work-related stress on the workers’ body and examines the main occupations affected by stress and prevention as well.

Literature search was carried out among databases including Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, CyberLeninka, RSCI.

The workers of dangerous occupations (transport drivers, locomotive crews, law enforcement, firefighters, rescuers), managers, working migrants, and healthcare workers are most susceptible to occupational stress.

The number of people suffering from bad habits increases due to work-related stress as well. Workers use nicotine, alcohol, caffeine, sleeping pills and narcotic drugs as a negative way to overcome stress and its consequences. A special focus has been put on the influence of occupational stress on diseases development due to hazardous working conditions and features of work process management such as shift work and “emotional labour”. Furthermore, there are presented main directions of preventive measures to reduce the level of industrial stress.

Contribution

Contribution: Fagamova A.Z. — concept and design of the review, data collection and processing, writing text, editing, responsibility for the integrity of all parts; Kaptsov V.A. — concept and design of the review, writing text, editing; Karimova L.K. — concept and design of the review, writing text, editing; Shapoval I.V., Muldasheva N.A. — editing. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The investigation was not sponsored.

Received

Received: May 31, 2022 / Accepted: August 04, 2022 / Published: September 30, 2022 

профессиональный стресспрофилактикафакторы рискапроизводственный стрессстресс на рабочем местеобзорoccupational stresspreventionrisk factorswork-related stressreviewReferencesSpirituality and Workplace Stress Management; 2015. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292151214_Spirituality_and_Workplace_Stress_ManagementSpirituality and Workplace Stress Management; 2015. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292151214_Spirituality_and_Workplace_Stress_ManagementSelye H. A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature. 1936; 138(3479): 32.Selye H. A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature. 1936; 138(3479): 32.Selye H. The Physiology and Pathology of Exposure to Stress, a Treatise Based on the Concepts of the General Adaptation Syndrome and the Diseases of Adaptation. Montreal: ACTA Inc. Medical Publishers; 1950.Selye H. The Physiology and Pathology of Exposure to Stress, a Treatise Based on the Concepts of the General Adaptation Syndrome and the Diseases of Adaptation. Montreal: ACTA Inc. Medical Publishers; 1950.Гафаров В.В., Гагулин И.В., Громова Е.А., Панов Д.О., Гафарова А.В. Депрессия, тревога и нарушения сна у населения 45-69 лет в России (Сибирь): эпидемиологическое исследование. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2017; 9(4): 31-7. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2017-4-31-37Gafarov V.V., Gagulin I.V., Gromova E.A., Panov D.O., Gafarova A.V. Depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders in 45–69-year-old population in Russia (Siberia): epidemiological survey. Nevrologiya, neyropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika. 2017; 9(4): 31–7. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2017-4-31-37 (in Russian).Krieger T., Zimmermann J., Huffziger S., Ubl B., Diener C., Kuehner C., et al. Measuring depression with a well-being index: further evidence for the validity of the WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5) as a measure of the severity of depression. J. Affect. Disord. 2014; 156: 240-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.015Krieger T., Zimmermann J., Huffziger S., Ubl B., Diener C., Kuehner C., et al. Measuring depression with a well-being index: further evidence for the validity of the WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5) as a measure of the severity of depression. J. Affect. Disord. 2014; 156: 240–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.015Бухтияров И.В., Матюхин В.В., Рубцов М.Ю. Профессиональный стресс в свете реализации глобального плана действий по здоровью работающих. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2016; (3-3): 53-5. https://doi.org/10.18454/IRJ.2016.45.014Bukhtiyarov I.V., Matyukhin V.V., Rubtsov M.Yu. Occupational stress in light of WHO global plan of action on workers’ health implementation. Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-issledovatel’skiy zhurnal. 2016; (3–3): 53–5. https://doi.org/10.18454/IRJ.2016.45.014 (in Russian)Havranek E.P., Mujahid M.S., Barr D.A., Blair I.V., Cohen M.S., Cruz-Flores S., et al. Social determinants of risk and outcomes for cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015; 132(9): 873-98. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000228Havranek E.P., Mujahid M.S., Barr D.A., Blair I.V., Cohen M.S., Cruz-Flores S., et al. Social determinants of risk and outcomes for cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015; 132(9): 873–98. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000228Ganster D.C., Rosen C.C. Work stress and employee health: a multidisciplinary review. J. Manage. 2013; 39(5): 1085-122. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0149206313475815Ganster D.C., Rosen C.C. Work stress and employee health: a multidisciplinary review. J. Manage. 2013; 39(5): 1085–122. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0149206313475815Steptoe A., Kivimaki M. Stress and cardiovascular disease: an update on current knowledge. Annu. Rev. Public Health. 2013; 34: 337-54. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114452Steptoe A., Kivimaki M. Stress and cardiovascular disease: an update on current knowledge. Annu. Rev. Public Health. 2013; 34: 337–54. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114452ResearchGate. Calculating the costs of work-related stress and psychosocial risks. Luxembourg: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work; 2014. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323142494_Calculating_the_cost_of_work-related_stress_and_psychosocial_risksResearchGate. Calculating the costs of work-related stress and psychosocial risks. Luxembourg: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work; 2014. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323142494_Calculating_the_cost_of_work-related_stress_and_psychosocial_risksHavermans B.M., Brouwers E.P.M., Hoek R.J.A., Anema J.R., van der Beek A.J., Boot C.R.L. Work stress prevention needs of employees and supervisors. BMC Public Health. 2018; 18(1): 642. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5535-1Havermans B.M., Brouwers E.P.M., Hoek R.J.A., Anema J.R., van der Beek A.J., Boot C.R.L. Work stress prevention needs of employees and supervisors. BMC Public Health. 2018; 18(1): 642. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5535-1ILO List of occupational diseases (revised 2010); 2010. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_protect/--protrav/--safework/documents/publication/wcms_125137.pdfILO List of occupational diseases (revised 2010); 2010. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/–-ed_protect/–-protrav/–-safework/documents/publication/wcms_125137.pdfLecca L.I., Portoghese I., Mucci N., Galletta M., Meloni F., Pilia I., et al. Association between work-related stress and QT prolongation in male workers.Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019; 16(23): 4781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234781Lecca L.I., Portoghese I., Mucci N., Galletta M., Meloni F., Pilia I., et al. Association between work-related stress and QT prolongation in male workers. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019; 16(23): 4781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234781Theorell T. A long-term perspective on cardiovascular job stress research. J. Occup. Health. 2019; 61(1): 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12032Theorell T. A long-term perspective on cardiovascular job stress research. J. Occup. Health. 2019; 61(1): 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12032Гагулин И.В., Громова Е.А., Гафарова А.В., Гафаров В.В. Полиморфизм G308A гена фактора некроза опухоли α и депрессия в открытой популяции мужчин 25-64 лет г. Новосибирска (эпидемиологическое исследование по программе ВОЗ MONICA-psychosocial). Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2018; 10(1): 43-6. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2018-1-43-46Gagulin I.V., Gromova E.A., Gafarova A.V., Gafarov V.V. G308A tumor necrosis factor-a gene polymorphism and depression in an open male aged 25–64 years from Novosibirsk (an epidemiological study according to the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program). Nevrologiya, neyropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika. 2018; 10(1): 43–6. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2018-1-43-46 (in Russian)Сенаторова О.В., Акимова Е.В., Гафаров В.В., Гакова Е.И., Кузнецов В.А. К вопросу об изучении взаимодействия психосоциальных и генетических факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (Часть I). Сибирский медицинский журнал. 2016; 31(1): 6-11.Senatorova O.V., Akimova E.V., Gafarov V.V., Gakova E.I., Kuznetsov V.A. The relationships between psychosocial and genetic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (part I). Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2016; 31(1): 6–11. (in Russian)Kivimäki M., Steptoe A. Effects of stress on the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2018; 15(4): 215-29. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2017.189Kivimäki M., Steptoe A. Effects of stress on the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2018; 15(4): 215–29. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2017.189Омельяненко М.Г., Шумакова В.А., Суховей Н.А., Щапова Н.Н. Психоэмоциональные нарушения и эндотелиальная дисфункция в развитии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, ассоциированных с атеросклерозом. Сибирский медицинский журнал (Томск). 2014; 29(3): 18-24.Omel’yanenko M.G., Shumakova V.A., Sukhovey N.A., Shchapova N.N. Psychoemotional disorders and endothelial disfunction in cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis. Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal (Tomsk). 2014; 29(3): 18–24. (in Russian)Осипова И.В., Антропова О.Н., Глебов Н.О., Белошапкина Г.А., Перевозчикова Т.В., Легкошкурова Н.М. Эндотелиальная функция и сосудистая реактивность при гипертонии на рабочем месте. Кардиовасулярная терапия и профилактика. 2008; 7(1): 19-23.Osipova I.V., Antropova O.N., Glebov N.O., Beloshapkina G.A., Perevozchikova T.V., Legkoshkurova N.M. Endothelial function and vascular reactivity in workplace hypertension. Kardiovasulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika. 2008; 7(1): 19–23. (in Russian)Кубасов Р.В. Гипофизарно-надпочечниковая и тиреоидная секреция у сотрудников МВД при различных уровнях профессиональной напряжённости. Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2015; 70(1): 101-5. https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70i1.1238Kubasov R.V. Hypophysis-adrenal and thyroid secretion in law order staff depending employees on professional loading. Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii meditsinskikh nauk. 2015; 70(1): 101–5. https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70i1.1238 (in Russian)De Sio S., Letizia C., Petramala L., Saracino V., Cedrone F., Sanguigni P., et al. Work-related stress and cortisol levels: is there an association? Results of an observational study. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 2018; 22(24): 9012-7. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201812_16672De Sio S., Letizia C., Petramala L., Saracino V., Cedrone F., Sanguigni P., et al. Work-related stress and cortisol levels: is there an association? Results of an observational study. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 2018; 22(24): 9012–7. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201812_16672Cannizzaro E., Cirrincione L., Mazzucco W., Scorciapino A., Catalano C., Ramaci T., et al. Night-time shift work and related stress responses: a study on security guards.Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17(2): 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020562Cannizzaro E., Cirrincione L., Mazzucco W., Scorciapino A., Catalano C., Ramaci T., et al. Night-time shift work and related stress responses: a study on security guards. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17(2): 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020562Rotvig D.H., Bauer J.Ø., Eller N.H., Jørgensen M.B. Work-related stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Ugeskr. Laeger. 2019; 181(7): V03180206. (in Danish)Rotvig D.H., Bauer J.Ø., Eller N.H., Jørgensen M.B. Work-related stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Ugeskr. Laeger. 2019; 181(7): V03180206. (in Danish)Власенко Н.Ю., Макарова И.И. Исследование уровня кортизола как маркера стресса у пожарных-спасателей. В кн.: Сборник избранных статей по материалам научных конференций ГНИИ «Нацразвитие». Санкт-Петербург; 2019: 95-7Vlasenko N.Yu., Makarova I.I. Research of the cortisol level as a stress marker at fire rescue. In: Collection of Selected Articles Based on the Materials of Scientific Conferences of the GNII «National Development» [Sbornik izbrannykh statey po materialam nauchnykh konferentsiy GNII «Natsrazvitie»]. St. Petersburg; 2019: 95–7. (in Russian)Parent-Lamarche A., Marchand A. Work stress, personality traits, and cortisol secretion: Testing a model for job burnout. Work. 2018; 60(3): 485-97. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-182755Parent-Lamarche A., Marchand A. Work stress, personality traits, and cortisol secretion: Testing a model for job burnout. Work. 2018; 60(3): 485–97. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-182755van der Meij L., Gubbels N., Schaveling J., Almela M., van Vugt M. Hair cortisol and work stress: Importance of workload and stress model (JDCS or ERI). Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018; 89: 78-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.12.020van der Meij L., Gubbels N., Schaveling J., Almela M., van Vugt M. Hair cortisol and work stress: Importance of workload and stress model (JDCS or ERI). Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018; 89: 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.12.020Kerr J.I., Naegelin M., Weibel R.P., Ferrario A., La Marca R., von Wangenheim F., et al. The effects of acute work stress and appraisal on psychobiological stress responses in a group office environment. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2020; 121: 104837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104837Kerr J.I., Naegelin M., Weibel R.P., Ferrario A., La Marca R., von Wangenheim F., et al. The effects of acute work stress and appraisal on psychobiological stress responses in a group office environment. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2020; 121: 104837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104837Söderberg M., Rosengren A., Hillström J., Lissner L., Torén K. A cross-sectional study of the relationship between job demand-control, effort-reward imbalance and cardiovascular heart disease risk factors. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12: 1102. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1102Söderberg M., Rosengren A., Hillström J., Lissner L., Torén K. A cross-sectional study of the relationship between job demand-control, effort-reward imbalance and cardiovascular heart disease risk factors. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12: 1102. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1102Sancini A., Ricci S., Tomei F., Sacco C., Pacchiarotti A., Nardone N., et al. Work related stress and blood glucose levels. Ann. Ig. 2017; 29(2): 123-33. https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2017.2139Sancini A., Ricci S., Tomei F., Sacco C., Pacchiarotti A., Nardone N., et al. Work related stress and blood glucose levels. Ann. Ig. 2017; 29(2): 123–33. https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2017.2139Некрасова М.М., Черникова Е.Ф., Федотова И.В., Васильева Т.Н., Трошин В.В., Зуев А.В. Сравнительная оценка функционального состояния организма инспекторов ДПС ГИБДД с нормальным и повышенным артериальным давлением. В кн.: Попова А.Ю., Зайцева Н.В., ред. Анализ риска здоровью - 2020 совместно с международной встречей по окружающей среде и здоровью Rise-2020 и круглым столом по безопасности питания: Материалы X Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием. Пермь; 2020: 17-27.Nekrasova M.M., Chernikova E.F., Fedotova I.V., Vasileva T.N., Troshin V.V., Zuev A.V. Comparative assessment of the functional state of the body of traffic police inspectors with normal and elevated blood pressure. In: Popova A.Yu., Zaytseva N.V., eds. Health Risk Analysis 2020 Together with the International Meeting on Environment and Health Rise 2020 and the Round Table on Food Safety: Materials of the X All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation [Analiz riska zdorov’yu – 2020 sovmestno s mezhdunarodnoy vstrechey po okruzhayushchey srede i zdorov’yu Rise-2020 i kruglym stolom po bezopasnosti pitaniya: Materialy X Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem]. Perm’; 2020: 17–27. (in Russian)Биккинина Г.М., Кабышев В.Т. Оценка значимости психосоциальных факторов производственной и непроизводственной природы для сотрудников правоохранительных органов. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2012; (1): 19-23.Bikkinina G.M., Kabyshev V.T. Evaluation of psycho-social occupational and nonoccupational factors importance for police officers. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2012; (1): 19–23. (in Russian)Федотова И.В., Черникова Е.Ф. Стресс как фактор профессионального риска у сотрудников дорожно-патрульной службы. Гигиена и санитария. 2016; 95(7): 617-22. https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-7-617-622Fedotova I.V., Chernikova E.F. Stress as an occupational risk factor of among policemen of road patrol service. Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal). 2016; 95(7): 617–22. https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-7-617-622 (in Russian)Garbarino S., Magnavita N. Sleep problems are a strong predictor of stress-related metabolic changes in police officers. A prospective study. PLoS One. 2019; 14(10): e0224259. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224259Garbarino S., Magnavita N. Sleep problems are a strong predictor of stress-related metabolic changes in police officers. A prospective study. PLoS One. 2019; 14(10): e0224259. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224259Бабанов С.А., Бараева Р.А. Профессиональные поражения сердечно-сосудистой системы. Врач. 2015; 23(3): 7-10.Babanov S.A., Baraeva R.A. Occupational lesions of the cardiovascular system. Vrach. 2015; 23(3): 7–10. (in Russian)Буш М.П., Дьякович М.П. Характеристика уровня соматического здоровья и биологического возраста лиц с нервно-напряженной профессиональной деятельностью. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2019; 59(5): 297-302. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-5-297-302Bush M.P., D’yakovich M.P. Characteristics of the level of somatic health and biological age of persons with neurostressful professional activity. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2019; 59(5): 297–302. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-5-297-302 (in Russian)Бухтияров И.В., Глухов Д.В. Формирование посттравматических стрессовых расстройств у военнослужащих в боевой обстановке. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2018; (2): 10-4.Bukhtiyarov I.V., Glukhov D.V. Post-traumatic stress disorder formation in military officers in combat circumstances. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2018; (2): 10–4. (in Russian)Телегина А.И., Лиферов Р.А., Пастухов А.В., Фисун А.Я., Черкашин Д.В. Особенности реакции артериального давления и его суточного профиля у лиц, подверженных профессиональной стрессогенной нагрузке. Вестник Российской военно-медицинской академии. 2016; (1): 7-12.Telegina A.I., Liferov R.A., Pastukhov A.V., Fisun A.Ya., Cherkashin D.V. The features of blood pressure reaction and its diurnal profile in persons exposed to professional stress load. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Voenno-meditsinskoy akademii. 2016; (1): 7–12. (in Russian)Useche S.A., Cendales B., Montoro L., Esteban C. Work stress and health problems of professional drivers: a hazardous formula for their safety outcomes. PeerJ. 2018; 6: e6249. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6249Useche S.A., Cendales B., Montoro L., Esteban C. Work stress and health problems of professional drivers: a hazardous formula for their safety outcomes. PeerJ. 2018; 6: e6249. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6249Петраш И.А., Лосева Л.Ю. Психологические особенности стрессоустойчивости водителей общественного транспорта. Азимут научных исследований: педагогика и психология. 2019; 8(1): 355-8. https://doi.org/10.26140/anip-2019-0801-0088Petrash I.A., Loseva L.Yu. The psychological characteristics of stress resistance of the drivers of public transport. Azimut nauchnykh issledovaniy: pedagogika i psikhologiya. 2019; 8(1): 355–8. https://doi.org/10.26140/anip-2019-0801-0088 (in Russian)Useche S.A., Ortiz V.G., Cendales B.E. Stress-related psychosocial factors at work, fatigue, and risky driving behavior in bus rapid transport (BRT) drivers. Accid. Anal. Prev. 2017; 104: 106-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.04.023Useche S.A., Ortiz V.G., Cendales B.E. Stress-related psychosocial factors at work, fatigue, and risky driving behavior in bus rapid transport (BRT) drivers. Accid. Anal. Prev. 2017; 104: 106–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.04.023Bowen P., Edwards P., Lingard H., Cattell K. Workplace stress, stress effects, and coping mechanisms in the construction industry. J. Constr. Eng. Manag. 2014; 140(3): 04013059. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000807Bowen P., Edwards P., Lingard H., Cattell K. Workplace stress, stress effects, and coping mechanisms in the construction industry. J. Constr. Eng. Manag. 2014; 140(3): 04013059. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000807Лахгайн Б., Чащин В.П., Жукова Д.Ю., Корзинина И.А. Самооценка профессионального стресса и работоспособности на уровне рабочего места в современном машиностроительном производстве. Гигиена и санитария. 2019; 98(6): 677-81. https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-677-681Lakhgayn B., Chashchin V.P., Zhukova D.Yu., Korzinina I.A. Self-assessment of occupational stress and workability in the implementation of the World Health Organization’s global strategy “Health for All” at the workplace level in modern machinery companies. Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal). 2019; 98(6): 677–81. https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-677-681 (in Russian)Иванов А.А., Бовтюшко В.Г., Чепурнов В.А. Сочетанное влияние производственных химических факторов и напряженности труда на липидный спектр крови у разных категорий работников нефтеперерабатывающего предприятия. Вестник Российской военно-медицинской академии. 2005; (1 Прил.): 286-9.Ivanov A.A., Bovtyushko V.G., Chepurnov V.A. The combined effect of industrial chemical factors and labor intensity on the lipid spectrum of blood in different categories of workers of an oil refinery. Vestnik Rossiyskoy voenno-meditsinskoy akademii. 2005; (1 Pril.): 286–9. (in Russian)Измеров Н.Ф. Национальное руководство «Профессиональная патология». М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2011.Izmerov N.F. National Manual «Occupational Pathology» [Natsional’noe rukovodstvo « Professional’naya patologiya»]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2011. (in Russian)Бойцов С.А. Охрана труда: стресс и сердце. Охрана труда и техника безопасности на промышленных предприятиях. 2017; (5-6): 65-6.Boytsov S.A. Labor protection: stress and heart. Okhrana truda i tekhnika bezopasnosti na promyshlennykh predpriyatiyakh. 2017; (5–6): 65–6. (in Russian)Измеров Н.Ф., Бухтияров И.В., Ермакова М.А., Шпагина Л.А. Особенности системы гемостаза и фактора роста эндотелия сосудов при артериальной гипертензии в условиях высокого профессионального риска. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2014; (3): 1-6.Izmerov N.F., Bukhtiyarov I.V., Ermakova M.A., Shpagina L.A. Features of the hemostasis system and vascular epythelium growth factor in arterial hypertension with high occupational risk. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2014; (3): 1–6. (in Russian)Марсальская О.А., Никифоров В.С. Факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и уровень тревожности у работников железнодорожного транспорта с артериальной гипертензией. Архивъ внутренней медицины. 2016; 6(S1): 35.Marsalskaya O.A., Nikiforov V.S. Cardiovascular risk factors and anxiety in railway workers with arterial hypertension. Arkhiv” vnutrenney meditsiny. 2016; 6(S1): 35. (in Russian)Сериков В.В., Рубцов М.Ю. Личностные особенности и функциональное состояние организма энергодиспетчеров железнодорожного транспорта. Пермский медицинский журнал. 2020; 37(5): 95-104. https://doi.org/10.17816/pmj37595-104Serikov V.V., Rubtsov M.Yu. Personal features and functional state of organism in railway power dispatchers. Permskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2020; 37(5): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.17816/pmj37595-104 (in Russian)Некрасова М.М. Оценка стресса в условиях профессиональной деятельности у инженеров при работе с видеодисплейными терминалами. Медицинский альманах. 2015; (5): 189-92.Nekrasova M.M. Evaluation of stress under conditions of professional activity of engineers at work with videodisplay terminals. Meditsinskiy al’manakh. 2015; (5): 189–92. (in Russian)Wang J., Liu X., Li T., Li S. Occupational stress and risk factors among workers from electronic manufacturing service companies in China. China CDC Wkly. 2020; 2(9): 131-4.Wang J., Liu X., Li T., Li S. Occupational stress and risk factors among workers from electronic manufacturing service companies in China. China CDC Wkly. 2020; 2(9): 131–4.van der Wal R.A.B., Wallage J., Bucx M.J.L. Occupational stress, burnout and personality in anesthesiologists. Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol. 2018; 31(3): 351-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000587van der Wal R.A.B., Wallage J., Bucx M.J.L. Occupational stress, burnout and personality in anesthesiologists. Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol. 2018; 31(3): 351–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000587Боева А.В., Руженков В.А., Москвитина У.С. Синдром эмоционального выгорания у врачей-психиатров. Научные ведомости Белгородского государственного университета. Серия: Медицина. Фармация. 2013; (11): 6-12.Boeva A.V., Ruzhenkov V.A., Moskvitina U.S. Emotional burnout syndrome in psychiatrists. Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Meditsina. Farmatsiya. 2013; (11): 6–12. (in Russian)Сейдуанова Л.Б., Карабалин С.К., Текманова А.К., Кусайынова Э.И. Изучение особенностей формирования синдрома профессионального выгорания у врачей общей практики. Здравоохранение Кыргызстана. 2019; (3): 23-7.Seiduanova L.B., Karabalin S.K., Tekmanova A.K., Kussainova E.I. Study of the pecularities of the formation of the professional burnout syndrome in general practitioners. Zdravookhranenie Kyrgyzstana. 2019; (3): 23–7. (in Russian)Barr P. The five-factor model of personality, work stress and professional quality of life in neonatal intensive care unit nurses. J. Adv. Nurs. 2018; 74(6): 1349-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13543Barr P. The five-factor model of personality, work stress and professional quality of life in neonatal intensive care unit nurses. J. Adv. Nurs. 2018; 74(6): 1349–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13543Bruschini M., Carli A., Burla F. Burnout and work-related stress in Italian rehabilitation professionals: A comparison of physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists. Work. 2018; 59(1): 121-9. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-172657Bruschini M., Carli A., Burla F. Burnout and work-related stress in Italian rehabilitation professionals: A comparison of physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists. Work. 2018; 59(1): 121–9. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-172657Ezenwaji I.O., Eseadi C., Okide C.C., Nwosu N.C., Ugwoke S.C., Ololo K.O., et al. Work-related stress, burnout, and related sociodemographic factors among nurses: Implications for administrators, research, and policy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019; 98(3): e13889. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013889Ezenwaji I.O., Eseadi C., Okide C.C., Nwosu N.C., Ugwoke S.C., Ololo K.O., et al. Work-related stress, burnout, and related sociodemographic factors among nurses: Implications for administrators, research, and policy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019; 98(3): e13889. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013889Kim J.H., Kim A.R., Kim M.G., Kim C.H., Lee K.H., Park D., et al. Burnout syndrome and work-related stress in physical and occupational therapists working in different types of hospitals: which group is the most vulnerable? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17(14): 5001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145001Kim J.H., Kim A.R., Kim M.G., Kim C.H., Lee K.H., Park D., et al. Burnout syndrome and work-related stress in physical and occupational therapists working in different types of hospitals: which group is the most vulnerable? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17(14): 5001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145001Yang J., Tang S., Zhou W. Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on work stress and mental health of psychiatric nurses. Psychiatr. Danub. 2018; 30(2): 189-96. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2018.189Yang J., Tang S., Zhou W. Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on work stress and mental health of psychiatric nurses. Psychiatr. Danub. 2018; 30(2): 189–96. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2018.189Johnson J., Hall L.H., Berzins K., Baker J., Melling K., Thompson C. Mental healthcare staff well-being and burnout: A narrative review of trends, causes, implications, and recommendations for future interventions.Int. J. Ment. Health Nurs. 2018; 27(1): 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12416Johnson J., Hall L.H., Berzins K., Baker J., Melling K., Thompson C. Mental healthcare staff well-being and burnout: A narrative review of trends, causes, implications, and recommendations for future interventions. Int. J. Ment. Health Nurs. 2018; 27(1): 20–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12416Ilić I.M., Arandjelović M.Ž., Jovanović J.M., Nešić M.M. Relationships of work-related psychosocial risks, stress, individual factors and burnout - Questionnaire survey among emergency physicians and nurses. Med. Pr. 2017; 68(2): 167-78. https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.00516Ilić I.M., Arandjelović M.Ž., Jovanović J.M., Nešić M.M. Relationships of work-related psychosocial risks, stress, individual factors and burnout – Questionnaire survey among emergency physicians and nurses. Med. Pr. 2017; 68(2): 167–78. https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.00516Leszczyński P., Panczyk M., Podgórski M., Owczarek K., Gałązkowski R., Mikos M., et al. Determinants of occupational burnout among employees of the Emergency Medical Services in Poland. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 2019; 26(1): 114-9. https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/94294Leszczyński P., Panczyk M., Podgórski M., Owczarek K., Gałązkowski R., Mikos M., et al. Determinants of occupational burnout among employees of the Emergency Medical Services in Poland. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 2019; 26(1): 114–9. https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/94294Власова Е.М., Алексеев В.Б. Влияние психоэмоциональных факторов на здоровье медицинских работников. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2019; 59(9): 588. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-588-589Vlasova E.M., Alekseev V.B. Influence of psycho-emotional factors on health of medical workers. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2019; 59(9): 588. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-588-589 (in Russian)Горблянский Ю.Ю., Конторович Е.П., Понамарева О.П., Волынская Е.И., Крищенко В.Н. Психосоциальные производственные факторы и риск нарушений здоровья медицинских работников (тематический обзор). Южно-Российский журнал терапевтической практики. 2020; 1(3): 27-36. https://doi.org/10.21886/2712-8156-2020-1-3-27-36Gorblyanskiy Yu.Yu., Kontorovich E.P., Ponamareva O.P., Volynskaya E.I., Krishchenko V.N. Psychosocial occupational factors and the risk of health issues in healthcare workers (thematic review). Yuzhno-Rossiyskiy zhurnal terapevticheskoy praktiki. 2020; 1(3): 27–36. https://doi.org/10.21886/2712-8156-2020-1-3-27-36 (in Russian)Epstein D.G. Extinguish workplace stress. Nurs. Manage. 2010; 41(10): 34-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000388295.31857.a2Epstein D.G. Extinguish workplace stress. Nurs. Manage. 2010; 41(10): 34–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000388295.31857.a2Rajkumar R.P. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian J. Psychiatr. 2020; 52: 102066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066Rajkumar R.P. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian J. Psychiatr. 2020; 52: 102066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066Lu W., Wang H., Lin Y., Li L. Psychological status of medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Res. 2020; 288: 112936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936Lu W., Wang H., Lin Y., Li L. Psychological status of medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Res. 2020; 288: 112936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936Buss J. Associations between obesity and stress and shift work among nurses. Workplace Health Saf. 2012; 60(10): 453-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/216507991206001007Buss J. Associations between obesity and stress and shift work among nurses. Workplace Health Saf. 2012; 60(10): 453–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/216507991206001007Lin H.T., Lin L.C., Shiao J.S. The impact of self-perceived job stress on menstrual patterns among Taiwanese nurses. Ind. Health. 2007; 45(5): 709-14. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.45.709Lin H.T., Lin L.C., Shiao J.S. The impact of self-perceived job stress on menstrual patterns among Taiwanese nurses. Ind. Health. 2007; 45(5): 709–14. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.45.709Cavalheiro A.M., Moura Junior D.F., Lopes A.C. Stress in nurses working in intensive care units. Rev. Lat. Am. Enfermagem. 2008; 16(1): 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692008000100005Cavalheiro A.M., Moura Junior D.F., Lopes A.C. Stress in nurses working in intensive care units. Rev. Lat. Am. Enfermagem. 2008; 16(1): 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692008000100005Cheung T., Yip P.S. Depression, anxiety and symptoms of stress among Hong Kong nurses: a cross-sectional study.Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2015; 12(9): 11072-100. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120911072Cheung T., Yip P.S. Depression, anxiety and symptoms of stress among Hong Kong nurses: a cross-sectional study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2015; 12(9): 11072–100. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120911072Labrague L.J., McEnroe-Petitte D.M., Leocadio M.C., Van Bogaert P., Cummings G.G. Stress and ways of coping among nurse managers: An integrative review. J. Clin. Nurs. 2018; 27(7-8): 1346-59. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14165Labrague L.J., McEnroe-Petitte D.M., Leocadio M.C., Van Bogaert P., Cummings G.G. Stress and ways of coping among nurse managers: An integrative review. J. Clin. Nurs. 2018; 27(7–8): 1346–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14165Dorrian J., Paterson J., Dawson D., Pincombe J., Grech C., Rogers A.E. Sleep, stress and compensatory behaviors in Australian nurses and midwives. Rev. Saude Publica. 2011; 45(5): 922-30. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102011005000059Dorrian J., Paterson J., Dawson D., Pincombe J., Grech C., Rogers A.E. Sleep, stress and compensatory behaviors in Australian nurses and midwives. Rev. Saude Publica. 2011; 45(5): 922–30. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102011005000059Couarraze S., Delamarre L., Marhar F., Quach B., Jiao J., Avilés Dorlhiac R., et al. The major worldwide stress of healthcare professionals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic - the international COVISTRESS survey. PLoS One. 2021; 16(10): e0257840. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257840Couarraze S., Delamarre L., Marhar F., Quach B., Jiao J., Avilés Dorlhiac R., et al. The major worldwide stress of healthcare professionals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic – the international COVISTRESS survey. PLoS One. 2021; 16(10): e0257840. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257840Kuo F.L., Yang P.H., Hsu H.T., Su C.Y., Chen C.H., Yeh I.J., et al. Survey on perceived work stress and its influencing factors among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci. 2020; 36(11): 944-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/kjm2.12294Kuo F.L., Yang P.H., Hsu H.T., Su C.Y., Chen C.H., Yeh I.J., et al. Survey on perceived work stress and its influencing factors among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci. 2020; 36(11): 944–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/kjm2.12294Бухтияров И.В., Рубцов М.Ю., Юшкова О.И. Профессиональный стресс в результате сменного труда как фактор риска нарушения здоровья работников. Анализ риска здоровью. 2016; (3): 110-21.Bukhtiyarov I.V., Rubtsov M.Yu., Yushkova O.I. Occupational stress by shift work as a risk factor for workers’ health disorders. Analiz riska zdorov’yu. 2016; (3): 103–13.Ходжиев М., Измеров Н.Ф., Бухтияров И.В. Результаты оценки физио-логической адаптации и риски нарушений здоровья у трудовых мигрантов из Таджикистана. Анализ риска здоровью. 2017; (3): 48-59. https://doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2017.3.06Khodzhiev M., Izmerov N.F., Bukhtiyarov I.V. Results of physiological adaptation assessment and health risks for labor migrants from Tajikistan. Analiz riska zdorov’yu. 2017; (3): 48–59. https://doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2017.3.06 (in Russian)Ходжиев М., Измеров Н.Ф., Бухтияров И.В., Юшкова О.И., Калинина С.А., Капустина А.В. Социально-психологические факторы формирования профессионального стресса у трудовых мигрантов, работающих в различных производственных сферах. Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Биология и экология. 2016; (4): 49-60.Khodzhiev M., Izmerov N.F., Bukhtiyarov I.V., Yushkova O.I., Kalinina S.A., Kapustina A.V. Social and psychological aspects of professional stress among variously employed migrants. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Biologiya i ekologiya. 2016; (4): 49–60. (in Russian)Liu X.M., Li S., Zhang Q.Y., Wang C., Ji Y.Q., Wang J., et al. Occupational stress and early health effects in migrant workers in an electronics manufacturing service enterprise. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2016; 34(10): 726-30. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.10.002 (in Chinese)Liu X.M., Li S., Zhang Q.Y., Wang C., Ji Y.Q., Wang J., et al. Occupational stress and early health effects in migrant workers in an electronics manufacturing service enterprise. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2016; 34(10): 726–30. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.10.002 (in Chinese)Li W., Sun F., Li Y., Durkin D.W. Work stress and depressive symptoms in Chinese migrant workers: the moderating role of community factors. J. Immigr. Minor Health. 2019; 21(6): 1248-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0843-1Li W., Sun F., Li Y., Durkin D.W. Work stress and depressive symptoms in Chinese migrant workers: the moderating role of community factors. J. Immigr. Minor Health. 2019; 21(6): 1248-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0843-1Sun F., Li W., Jiang L., Lee J. Depressive symptoms in three Chinese older workforce groups: the interplay of work stress with family and community factors.Int. Psychogeriatr. 2020; 32(2): 217-27. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610219000528Sun F., Li W., Jiang L., Lee J. Depressive symptoms in three Chinese older workforce groups: the interplay of work stress with family and community factors. Int. Psychogeriatr. 2020; 32(2): 217–27. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610219000528Yaroshovich I., Chaykovsky B.P., Mykychak B.M., Yaroshovych T.S. Stress at the workplace is one of the physiological factors of accidents at work. Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S.Z. Gzhytskyj. 2017; 19(76): 163-6. (in Ukrainian)Yaroshovich I., Chaykovsky B.P., Mykychak B.M., Yaroshovych T.S. Stress at the workplace is one of the physiological factors of accidents at work. Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S.Z. Gzhytskyj. 2017; 19(76): 163–6. (in Ukrainian)Maatouk I., Müller A., Angerer P., Schmook R., Nikendei C., Herbst K., et al. Healthy ageing at work - Efficacy of group interventions on the mental health of nurses aged 45 and older: Results of a randomised, controlled trial. PLoS One. 2018; 13(1): e0191000. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191000Maatouk I., Müller A., Angerer P., Schmook R., Nikendei C., Herbst K., et al. Healthy ageing at work – Efficacy of group interventions on the mental health of nurses aged 45 and older: Results of a randomised, controlled trial. PLoS One. 2018; 13(1): e0191000. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191000Maatouk I., Müller A., Gündel H. Prevention of psychological and psychosomatic illnesses at workplace. Gesundheitswesen. 2016; 78(11): 781-94. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-105438 (in German)Maatouk I., Müller A., Gündel H. Prevention of psychological and psychosomatic illnesses at workplace. Gesundheitswesen. 2016; 78(11): 781–94. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-105438 (in German)Weber J., Müller A., Stiller M., Borchart D. Prognostic effects of selection, optimization and compensation strategies on work ability: results from the representative lidA cohort study on work, age, and health in Germany.Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 2018; 91(8): 1061-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-018-1348-xWeber J., Müller A., Stiller M., Borchart D. Prognostic effects of selection, optimization and compensation strategies on work ability: results from the representative lidA cohort study on work, age, and health in Germany. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 2018; 91(8): 1061–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-018-1348-xВОЗ. Пресс-релиз. Инвестиции в лечение депрессии и тревожных расстройств окупаются в четырехкратном размере; 2016. Доступно: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/13-04-2016-investing-in-treatment-for-depression-and-anxiety-leads-to-fourfold-returnWHO. News. Investing in treatment for depression and anxiety leads to fourfold return; 2016. Available at: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/13-04-2016-investing-in-treatment-for-depression-and-anxiety-leads-to-fourfold-returnГимаева З.Ф., Каримова Л.К., Бакиров А.Б., Капцов В.А., Калимуллина Д.Х. Риски развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и профессиональный стресс. Анализ риска здоровью. 2017; (1): 106-15. https://doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2017.1.12Gimaeva Z.F., Karimova L.K., Bakirov A.B., Kaptsov V.A., Kalimullina D.Kh. Risks of cardiovascular diseases evolvement and occupational stress. Analiz riska zdorov’yu. 2017; (1): 102–10. https://doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2017.1.12Ilić Petković A., Nikolić V. Educational needs of employees in work-related stress management. Work. 2020; 65(3): 661-9. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-203120Ilić Petković A., Nikolić V. Educational needs of employees in work-related stress management. Work. 2020; 65(3): 661–9. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-203120Vella E., McIver S. Reducing stress and burnout in the public-sector work environment: A mindfulness meditation pilot study. Health Promot. J. Austr. 2019; 30(2): 219-27. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.192Vella E., McIver S. Reducing stress and burnout in the public-sector work environment: A mindfulness meditation pilot study. Health Promot. J. Austr. 2019; 30(2): 219–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.192Inoue C., Shawler E., Jordan C.H., Jackson C.A. Veteran and Military Mental Health Issues; 2021. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK572092/Inoue C., Shawler E., Jordan C.H., Jackson C.A. Veteran and Military Mental Health Issues; 2021. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK572092/

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.