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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-10-1206-1213</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние поведенческих факторов риска на формирование отклонений в состоянии здоровья обучающихся</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of behavioral risk factors on outcomes of students’ health</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-5546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучма</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchma</surname><given-names>Vladislav R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5895-4577</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Светлана Борисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. гигиены детей, подростков и молодёжи Института комплексных проблем гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи.</p><p>e-mail: sokolovasb@fferisman.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Leading Researcher of the Department of Hygiene for Children, Adolescents and Youth, Institute of Complex Hygiene Problems of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: sokolovasb@fferisman.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sokolovasb@fferisman.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-4491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рапопорт</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rapoport</surname><given-names>Irina K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-4791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубаровский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubarovsky</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1206</fpage><lpage>1213</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кучма В.Р., Соколова С.Б., Рапопорт И.К., Чубаровский В.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кучма В.Р., Соколова С.Б., Рапопорт И.К., Чубаровский В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuchma V.R., Sokolova S.B., Rapoport I.K., Chubarovsky V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2595">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2595</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время количество гигиенических исследований по выявлению причинно-следственных связей между нарушениями здоровья и поведенческими факторами риска недостаточно.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить роль поведенческих факторов риска в формировании отклонений в состоянии здоровья обучающихся.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования явились 109 обучающихся 3–6-х классов. Проводились анкетирование, комплексные медицинские профилактические осмотры. Материалы исследования были подвергнуты статистической обработке с использованием методов непараметрического анализа. Применяли описательную статистику и расчёт относительного риска.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получены данные о ведущих поведенческих факторах риска для здоровья современных обучающихся младшего подросткового возраста: гиподинамия, дефицит сна, нездоровое питание, невысокая удовлетворённость школой, высокая агрессивность в общении со сверстниками. Наиболее часто у обучающихся 3–6-х классов развивались функциональные отклонения и формировались хронические заболевания костно-мышечной системы, нервной системы и психической сферы, глаза и его придаточного аппарата, пищеварительной системы. На основании методологии оценки риска для здоровья установлены три группы поведенческих факторов риска, наиболее тесно связанных с ведущими функциональными отклонениями и хроническим заболеваниями школьников: 1) факторы, обусловленные продолжительностью использования цифровых устройств; 2) факторы, связанные с социальной средой школы; 3) факторы, обусловленные режимом дня.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование ограничено изучением влияния на состояние здоровье обучающихся только поведенческих факторов риска, временем наблюдения, использованием самоанкетирования, которое может привести к предвзятости припоминания, повлиять на точность данных с возможностью их завышения или занижения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У обучающихся установлены количественные зависимости развития наиболее распространённых в детской популяции функциональных отклонений и хронических заболеваний от рискованных форм поведения. Это свидетельствует о значимости высоких уровней распространённости таких форм поведения и их недооценке в формировании патологических состояний, необходимости проведения мероприятий по коррекции опасного для здоровья детей и подростков поведения.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследования с участием обучающихся выполнены на добровольных условиях в соответствии с требованиями «Конвенции ООН о правах ребёнка», с предоставлением достаточного количества информации, доступной для понимания, в соответствии с принципами Хельсинкской декларации Всемирной медицинской ассоциации «Этические принципы проведения научных медицинских исследований с участием человека» (с поправками 2008 г.), «Правилами клинической практики в Российской Федерации» (утв. приказом Минздрава России от 19.06.2003 г. № 266. </p></sec><sec><title>Согласие пациентов</title><p>Согласие пациентов. Каждый участник исследования (или его законный представитель) дал информированное добровольное письменное согласие на участие в исследовании и публикацию персональной медицинской информации в обезличенной форме в журнале «Гигиена и санитария».</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Кучма В.Р. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Соколова С.Б. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка, написание текста; Рапопорт И.К., Чубаровский В.В. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 26.08.2022 / Принята к печати: 3.10.2022 / Опубликована: 23.10.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Currently, there are not enough hygienic studies to identify causal relationships between health disorders and behavioural risk factors.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study: to assess the influence of behavioural risk factors on students’ health outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The object of the study were one hundred nine students in grades 3–6. Questionnaires and comprehensive medical examinations were conducted. The research materials were statistically processed using non-parametric analysis methods, descriptive statistics and relative risk calculations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Data were obtained on the leading behavioural risk factors of modern students (physical inactivity, lack of sleep, unhealthy diet, low school satisfaction, high aggressiveness in communication with peers. Functional deviations and chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, nervous system and mental sphere, eyes and digestive system were formed among students. There were identified three groups of behavioural risk factors: 1) use of digital devices; 2) social wellbeing in school; 3) regime of the day.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study is limited to the study of the influence of only behavioral risk factors on the health of students, the time of observation, the use of self-questionnaires, which can lead to recall bias, affect the accuracy of data, with the possibility of overestimation or underestimation of data.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Quantitative dependences of the development of the most common functional deviations and chronic diseases in students on risk behaviors in the children’s population have been established. This indicates the importance of high levels of prevalence of risky forms of behaviour and their underestimation in the formation of pathological conditions and the need for measures to correct behavior dangerous to the health of children and adolescents.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. Research with the participation of students was carried out on a voluntary basis in accordance with the requirements of the “UN Convention on the Rights of the Child”, with the provision of a sufficient amount of information available for understanding, in compliance with the ethical standards set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki, in the international ethical guidelines for conducting biomedical research on humans.</p></sec><sec><title>Patient consent</title><p>Patient consent. Each participant of the study (or his/her legal representative) gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study and publish personal medical information in an impersonal form in the journal "Gigiena i Sanitariya (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal)".</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Kuchma V.R. — the concept and design of the study, editing; collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing a text; Sokolova S.B. — the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing a text; Rapoport I.K., Chubarovsky V.V. — collection and processing of material, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. </p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship. </p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: August 26, 2022 / Accepted: October 3, 2022 / Published: October 23, 2022 </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гигиена детей и подростков</kwd><kwd>обучающиеся</kwd><kwd>поведенческие факторы риска</kwd><kwd>состояние здоровья</kwd><kwd>влияние поведенческих факторов риска на состояние здоровья учащихся</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hygiene of children and adolescents</kwd><kwd>students</kwd><kwd>behavioral risk factors</kwd><kwd>health status</kwd><kwd>influence of behavioral risk factors on students’ health outcomes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inchley J., Currie D., Budisavljevic S., Torsheim T., Jastad A., Cosma A., и др. В центре внимания здоровье и благополучие подростков. 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