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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-2-142-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-266</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мелкодисперсные частицы (PM2,5 И PM10) в атмосферном воздухе крупного промышленного региона: проблемы мониторинга и нормирования в составе производственных выбросов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fine-disperse particles (PM2.5 AND PM10) in atmospheric air of a large industrial region: issues related to monitoring and standardization of suspended particles in industrial emissions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6357-1949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загороднов</surname><given-names>Сергей Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagorodnov</surname><given-names>Sergey Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший науч. сотр. отдела системных методов санитарно-гигиенического анализа и мониторинга ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 614045, г. Пермь.</p><p>e-mail: zagorodnov@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, senior researcher, Department of System Methods of Sanitary and Hygienic Analysis and Monitoring, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045.</p><p>e-mail: zagorodnov@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagorodnov@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-7016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Май</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>May</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-1631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кокоулина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokoulina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>142</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Загороднов С.Ю., Май И.В., Кокоулина А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Загороднов С.Ю., Май И.В., Кокоулина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zagorodnov S.Y., May I.V., Kokoulina A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/266">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/266</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Для Российской Федерации актуальна проблема учёта РМ10 и РМ2,5 в составе промышленных выбросов, мониторинга этих частиц в атмосферном воздухе, оценки их влияния на здоровье населения. Инструменты государственного контроля РМ10 и РМ2,5 в атмосфере созданы, но для задач управления рисками здоровью применяются недостаточно. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Массовые концентрации выбрасываемой пыли от источников предприятий и содержание РМ2,5 и РМ10 в составе выбросов определяли гравиметрическим методом и методом лазерного анализа. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Подтверждено наличие мелкодисперсных частиц в выбросах различных производств: в машиностроении - до 13% РМ2,5, до 40% РМ10; в чёрной металлургии - до 79% РМ2,5, до 84% РМ10; в цветной металлургии - до 43% РМ2,5, до 88% РМ10; в горнодобывающей промышленности - до 21% РМ2,5, до 49% РМ10; при переработке горных отходов - до 57%РМ2,5, до 59% РМ10. Концентрации PM2,5 и PM10 в атмосферном воздухе в зонах влияния предприятий нередко превышают установленные гигиенические нормативы. Зоны влияния выбросов мелкодисперсных частиц как правило перекрывают зоны влияния выбросов «взвешенных веществ». Контроль загрязнения воздуха без учёта дисперсности приводит к недооценке рисков здоровью населения. </p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Для эффективного управления качеством атмосферного воздуха в России необходимы: пересмотр методик определения дисперсного состава выбросов; совершенствование методической и/или нормативной базы учёта PM2,5 и РМ10 при ведении производственного контроля; включение мелкодисперсных частиц в государственные программы мониторинга качества атмосферного воздуха; накопление данных о дисперсном составе выбросов и уровнях концентраций РМ2,5 и РМ10 в атмосфере; расширение практики оценки риска для здоровья населения при воздействии PM2,5 и РМ10.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. For the Russian Federation, the problem of accounting PM10 and PM2.5 in industrial emissions, monitoring these particles in ambient air and assessing their impact on public health is relevant. State control of PM10 and PM2.5 in the atmosphere is provided, but not sufficiently applied for health risk management tasks. </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Mass concentrations of dust emissions from enterprises and the content of PM2.5 and PM10 in the emissions were determined by a gravimetric method and a method of laser analysis. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The presence of fine particles in the emissions of various industries was confirmed: in mechanical engineering - up to 13% of PM2.5, up to 40% of PM10; in ferrous metallurgy - up to 79% of PM2.5, up to 84% of PM10; in nonferrous metallurgy - up to 43% of PM2.5, up to 88% of PM10; in the mining industry - up to 21% of PM2.5, up to 49% of PM10; in the processing of mountain waste - up to 57% PM2.5, up to 59% PM10. </p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The impact of concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in the atmosphere of enterprises zones often exceeds the established hygienic standards. The zones of emissions influence of fine particles usually overlap the zones of emissions influence of dust. Control of air pollution without its dispersion leads to an underestimation of the health risk. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The effective air quality management in Russia needs the revision of methods for determining the dispersion of emissions; improvement of the methodological and/or regulatory basis for PM2.5 and PM10 accounting; inclusion of PM2.5 and PM10 in government programs of air quality monitoring; accumulation of data on the dispersion of emissions and PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in the atmosphere; expanding the practice of health risk assessment when exposed to PM2.5 and PM10.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пылевые выбросы</kwd><kwd>взвешенные вещества</kwd><kwd>дисперсность</kwd><kwd>фракционный состав</kwd><kwd>РМ10</kwd><kwd>PM2</kwd><kwd>5</kwd><kwd>нормирование выбросов</kwd><kwd>мониторинг атмосферного воздуха</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dust emissions</kwd><kwd>suspended substances</kwd><kwd>dispersity</kwd><kwd>fractional structure</kwd><kwd>РМ10</kwd><kwd>PM2.5</kwd><kwd>standardization of emissions</kwd><kwd>atmospheric air monitoring</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Health effects of particulate matter final (Rus) - WHO/Europe. 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