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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-12-1443-1449</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2741</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка уровня загрязнения снежного покрова химическими соединениями и элементами на территории Шелеховского района в Восточной Сибири</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the level of pollution of the snow cover with chemical compounds and elements in the territory of the Shelekhov district in Eastern Siberia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0876-2304</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисецкая</surname><given-names>Людмила Гавриловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisetskaya</surname><given-names>Lyudmila G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр. ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований», 665826, Ангарск.</p><p>e-mail: lis_lu154@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, research fellow, Laboratory of analytical ecotoxicology and biomonitoring of the East-Siberian Institution of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: lis_lu154@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lis_lu154@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8740-3133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаяхметов</surname><given-names>С. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shayakhmetov</surname><given-names>Salim F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1443</fpage><lpage>1449</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лисецкая Л.Г., Шаяхметов С.Ф., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лисецкая Л.Г., Шаяхметов С.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lisetskaya L.G., Shayakhmetov S.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2741">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2741</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В зоне крупных промышленных кластеров Иркутской области формируются характерные для каждой территории трассёры загрязнения. Исследование снежного покрова позволяет провести ориентировочную оценку уровня элементного состава загрязнения атмосферного воздуха в зимний период, а также установить районы рассеивания выбросов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В пробах талого снега определяли основные анионы и катионы, характерные для выбросов алюминиевого производства, методами фотометрического, титриметрического, турбидиметрического, ионометрического и атомно-абсорбционного анализа. Проведён количественный гранулометрический анализ состава взвесей с помощью лазерного анализатора.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Изучено распределение частиц по фракционному составу в районах города, различающихся антропогенной нагрузкой. Субмикроскопические частицы до 1 мкм обнаружены во всех пробах, при этом их доля в общем количестве частиц составляла до 2%. Доля частиц до 10 мкм составила 7–11%. Преобладали частицы размером 10–50 мкм — на их долю приходится 50% взвесей в жилых районах и до 80% вблизи промышленной зоны. Показано, что в зоне влияния транспортной магистрали повышено содержание в снеге сульфатов, нитратов, кальция, магния. Содержание фторидов, алюминия и бериллия в снежном покрове определяется направлением господствующих ветров.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничение исследования</title><p>Ограничение исследования. Ограничение исследования связано с отбором проб в жилых массивах города и пригородной сельскохозяйственной территории, охватом зимнего периода 2018–2019 гг. В данной статье мы ограничились анализом неорганических соединений, содержание органических соединений представлено в других работах.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование химического состава снегового покрова в различных функциональных зонах г. Шелехова позволяет заключить, что талую воду снеговых осадков можно отнести к гидрокарбонатно-хлоридному кальциевому классу с высокой концентрацией фторидов и нитратов. На характер загрязнения городской среды большое влияние оказывают выбросы промышленных предприятий, автотранспорта и хозяйственная деятельность городских организаций. Общая загрязнённость пригородной сельскохозяйственной территории, несмотря на высокую повторяемость ветра в данном направлении, значительно ниже, чем в жилой зоне города. Господствующие ветра способствуют переносу вредных веществ на большие расстояния, оказывая неблагоприятное воздействие на экосистемы региона.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Лисецкая Л.Г. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, математическая обработка, написание текста; Шаяхметов С.Ф. — концепция исследования. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 10.08.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.12.2022 / Опубликована: 12.01.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the zone of large industrial clusters of the Irkutsk region, pollution tracers are formed, which are characteristic of each territory. The study of the snow cover makes it possible to make an approximate assessment of the level of atmospheric air pollution in the winter period, as well as to determine the areas of dispersion of emissions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In samples of melted snow, the main anions and cations characteristic of emissions from aluminum production were determined by photometric and titrimetric methods, turbidimetric, ionometric and atomic absorption analysis. A quantitative granulometric analysis of the composition of suspensions was carried out using a laser analyzer.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The distribution of particles according to the fractional composition in the districts of the city, differing in anthropogenic load, was studied. Submicroscopic particles up to 1 µm were found in all samples, while their share in the total number of particles was up to 2%. The proportion of particles up to 10 μm was 7–11%. The most predominant particle size is 10–50 microns, they account for 50% of suspensions in residential areas and up to 80% near the industrial area. It is shown that in the zone of influence of the transport highway, the content of sulfates, nitrates, calcium, and magnesium in the snow is increased. The content of fluorides, aluminum and beryllium in the snow cover is determined by the direction of the prevailing winds.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The limitation of the study is due to a samples located only in residential areas of the city and suburban agricultural territory for a one-year period (winter 2018–2019). In this article, we limited ourselves to the analysis of inorganic compounds only; the content of organic compounds is presented in another article.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study of the chemical composition of the snow cover in various functional zones of the city of Shelekhov allows us to conclude that the melt water of snow precipitation can be attributed to the hydrocarbonate-chloride calcium class with a high concentration of fluorides and nitrates. The nature of pollution of the urban environment is greatly influenced by emissions from industrial enterprises, vehicles and the economic activities of urban organizations. The overall pollution of the suburban agricultural area, despite the high frequency of wind in this direction, is significantly lower than in the residential area of ​​the city. The prevailing winds contribute to the transfer of harmful substances over long distances, adversely affecting the ecosystems of the region.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards: the study does not require the submission of the conclusion of the Biomedical Ethics Committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Lisetskaya L.G. — concept and design of research, material collection and data processing, mathematical processing, text writing; Shayakhmetov S.F. — concept of research. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare the absence of obvious and potential conflicts of interest in connection with the publication of this article.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 10.08.2022 / Accepted: 08.12.2022 / Published: January 12, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>снежный покров</kwd><kwd>анионы</kwd><kwd>катионы</kwd><kwd>загрязнение</kwd><kwd>гранулометрический анализ частиц</kwd><kwd>производство алюминия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>snow cover</kwd><kwd>anions</kwd><kwd>cations</kwd><kwd>pollution</kwd><kwd>particle size analysis</kwd><kwd>aluminum production</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нестеров Е.М., Зарина Л.М., Маркова М.А., Грачева И.В., Воронцова А.В., Макарова Ю.А. 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