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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-1-50-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2814</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Условия труда и риски для здоровья операторов при применении пестицидов на основе манкоцеба на высоких садовых культурах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Working conditions and health risks of operators in the application of pesticides based on mancozeb on high horticultural crops</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитский</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskii</surname><given-names>Valery N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-2761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заволокина</surname><given-names>Наталья Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavolokina</surname><given-names>Natalya G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. гигиены труда ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 1410014, Мытищи.</p><p>e-mail: zavolokinang@fferisman.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the department of occupational health, Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: zavolokinang@fferisman.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zavolokinang@fferisman.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-092X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березняк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bereznyak</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ракитский В.Н., Заволокина Н.Г., Березняк И.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ракитский В.Н., Заволокина Н.Г., Березняк И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakitskii V.N., Zavolokina N.G., Bereznyak I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2814">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2814</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Возросший интерес к виноградарству в России делает востребованными фунгициды широкого спектра действия на основе манкоцеба. Приоритетом при обработке плодовых культур пестицидами является безопасность для здоровья операторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведены натурные исследования по определению экспозиционных уровней манкоцеба в составе разных препаративных форм в воздухе рабочей зоны и на коже оператора при вентиляторном опрыскивании садовых культур. Выполнена оценка риска воздействия действующего вещества по экспозиции (КБсумм) и по поглощённой дозе (КБп). Рассчитаны вероятностные риски воздействия пестицида на здоровье оператора.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Применение препаративных форм в виде смачивающихся порошков в сравнении с водно-диспергируемыми гранулами сопряжено с пятикратным увеличением средних концентраций манкоцеба, обнаруженного в воздухе рабочей зоны, и почти трёхкратным — на коже. Показатели рисков по экспозиции и по поглощённой дозе для смачивающихся порошков в три раза выше, чем для водно-диспергируемых гранул, для одного из препаратов суммарный риск был выше допустимого. Вектор распределения вероятностей возможных состояний опасности для оператора после шестого часа работы показывает вероятность недопустимого состояния как самую высокую.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Границы исследования определялись изучением поведения манкоцеба в составе препаративных форм «смачивающийся порошок» и «водно-диспергируемые гранулы» при вентиляторном опрыскивании садовых культур.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В целях безопасности для здоровья работа с препаратами на основе манкоцеба должна проводиться с соблюдением регламентов и мер безопасности, с использованием защитной одежды и средств индивидуальной защиты. Определено, что предпочтителен выбор препаративной формы в виде водно-диспергируемых гранул, не следует превышать рекомендованной нормы расхода и разрешённого времени работы с пестицидом.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов. Все участники исследования подписали форму информированного согласия.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Ракитский В.Н. — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Заволокина Н.Г. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста; Березняк И.В. — редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 23.11.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.12.2022 / Опубликована: 15.02.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The increased interest in viticulture in Russia makes mancozeb-based fungicides in demand. Safety and health of operators during application pesticides is a major concern in agricultural activities.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Field studies to determine the exposure of various formulations of mancozeb in the air of the working area and on the skin of the operators during airblast spraying of orchards were carried out. Мargin of safety by exposure (KBtotal) and by absorbed dose (KBabs) were conducted. Exposure assessment included the determination of its probability.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Wettable powders compared with water-dispersible granules show a fivefold increase in the average concentrations of mancozeb found in the air of the work area and almost a threefold increase in the skin. Exposure and absorbed dose risk rates for wettable powders are three times higher than for water-dispersible granules. For one of the drugs, the total risk was higher than the tolerable risk. The probability distribution vector of possible danger states for the operator after the sixth hour of work shows the probability of an unacceptable state as the highest.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The scopes of the study were determined by studying the behaviour of mancozeb in the formulations of the wettable powder and water-dispersible granules during airblast spraying of orchards.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For health safety purposes, mancozeb-based preparations should be used in compliance with the regulations and safety measures. Operators, who handle and apply pesticides in orchards, should be forcing to wear protective garments and personal protective equipment. The choice of water-dispersible granules formulation is preferable. Don’t exceed the application rate and spraying time.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require submission of the opinion of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents. Study participants signed an informed consent form.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Rakitskii V.N. — responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript, approval of the final version of the article; Zavolokina N.G. — concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing a text; Bereznyak I.V. — editing, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article. </p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: November 23, 2022 / Accepted: December 8, 2022 / Published: February 15, 2023</p><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пестициды</kwd><kwd>манкоцеб</kwd><kwd>вентиляторное опрыскивание</kwd><kwd>экспозиция</kwd><kwd>оценка риска</kwd><kwd>вероятностный риск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pesticides</kwd><kwd>mancozeb</kwd><kwd>fan spraying</kwd><kwd>exposure</kwd><kwd>risk assessment</kwd><kwd>probabilistic risk</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анализ рынка винограда в России в 2017-2021 гг., прогноз на 2022-2026 гг. Доступно: https://businesstat.ru/images/demo/grape_russia_demo_businesstat.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Analysis of the grape market in Russia in 2017–2021, forecast for 2022–2026. 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