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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-6-581-585</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-29</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-гигиеническая оценка пациентов с профессиональной полиневропатией верхних конечностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and hygienic evaluation of patients with occupational polyneuropathy of upper extremities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7124-2504</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребеньков</surname><given-names>Сергей Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Greben’Kov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. медицины труда ФГБОУ ВО «СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России; 191015, Санкт-Петербург.</p><p>e-mail: sergey.grebenkov@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.grebenkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0426-8851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малькова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mal’Kova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5504-1852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милутка</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milutka</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2740-1288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочетова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University; North-West Public Health Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>581</fpage><lpage>585</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гребеньков С.В., Малькова Н.Ю., Милутка Е.В., Кочетова О.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гребеньков С.В., Малькова Н.Ю., Милутка Е.В., Кочетова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Greben’Kov S.V., Mal’Kova N.Y., Milutka E.V., Kochetova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/29">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/29</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье представлены результаты изучения условий труда и состояния здоровья пациентов с профессиональной полиневропатией (ПНП) верхних конечностей. Подобная клинико-гигиеническая оценка лиц с профессиональной ПНП верхних конечностей способствует оптимальному обследованию и лечению направляемых в центры профпатологии пациентов с указанным диагнозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 236 пациентов двух основных профессий (маляры-штукатуры и шахтёры): 113 женщин и 123 мужчин.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний возраст пациентов на момент обследования составил: у маляров-штукатуров (женщин) - 55,5 ± 5,7 года, у шахтёров (мужчин) - 53,9 ± 6,3 года. Стаж работы пациентов с физическими перегрузками к моменту установления диагноза профессиональной ПНП верхних конечностей: у маляров-штукатуров - 25,1 ± 8 лет, у шахтёров - 20,4 ± 6,7 года. Выявлено, что условия труда маляров-штукатуров и шахтёров способствуют развитию профессиональных заболеваний периферической нервной системы и опорно-двигательного аппарата от воздействия физических перегрузок и функционального перенапряжения мышц верхних конечностей. Наиболее часто профессиональная ПНП верхних конечностей сопровождается параллельным развитием профессионального хронического плече-лопаточного периартроза, эпикондилёза надмыщелков плечевых костей, миофиброза предплечий и плечевого пояса (комплекс профессиональной патологии «работающей руки»); радикулопатией шейного и пояснично-крестцового уровней.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Основным общим вредным производственным фактором (ВПФ) у обследованных пациентов является тяжесть трудового процесса. Менее чем у четверти (15,7%) профессиональная ПНП верхних конечностей являлась единственным профессиональным заболеванием. В остальных случаях её развитие сопровождалось появлением и других профессиональных заболеваний периферической нервной системы и опорно-двигательного аппарата. Пациенты, направляемые на обследование в профцентр с диагнозом «ПНП верхних конечностей», нуждаются в комплексном и всестороннем обследовании для верификации возможного комплекса профессиональной патологии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of working conditions and the health status of patients with occupational polyneuropathy (PNP) of the upper limbs. Such a clinical and hygienic assessment of people with occupational PNP contributes to the optimal examination and treatment of patients with the preliminary diagnosis who are referred to occupational pathology centers.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 236 patients of two main occupations (painters-plasterers and miners): 113 women and 123 men. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average age of patients at the time of the examination was: for painters-plasterers (women) - 55.5 ± 5.7 years, for miners (men) - 53.9 ± 6.3 years. Work experience of patients with physical overload at the time of diagnosis of occupational PNP accounted for plasterers - 25.1 ± 8.0 years, for miners - 20.4 ± 6.7 years. Working conditions of plasterers and miners were revealed to contribute to the development of occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system and musculoskeletal system from the effects of physical overload and functional overstrain of the muscles of the upper extremities. Most often occupational PNP of the upper limbs is accompanied by the parallel development of professional chronic shoulder-scapular periarthrosis, epicondylosis, myofibrosis of the forearms, and shoulder girdle (a complex of occupational pathology of the «working hand»); radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbosacral levels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The main common harmful factor in the examined patients is the severity of the labor process. In less than one-fourth of the examined patients (15,7%) occupational PNP of the upper limbs was the only occupational disease. In other cases, its development was accompanied by the appearance of other occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system and the musculoskeletal system. Patients referred to the examination in occupational pathology centers with a diagnosis of “PNP of the upper extremities” need a comprehensive examination to verify a possible complex of occupational pathology.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональная полиневропатия</kwd><kwd>физические перегрузки</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>состояние здоровья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational polyneuropathy</kwd><kwd>physical overload</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>state of health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазунина Г.Н. Профессиональные заболевания периферических нервов и мышц рук. Л.: Медицина; 1969. 124 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazunina G.N. 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