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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-2-121-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2923</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фасциолёзная инвазия как санитарно-гигиеническая угроза населению и животноводству в субъектах Прикаспийского региона России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fasciolous invasion as a sanitary and hygienic threat to the population and animal husbandry in the subjects of the Caspian region of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6129-8371</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабардиев</surname><given-names>Сатрутдин Шамшитович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabardiev</surname><given-names>Sadrutdin Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор ветер. наук, профессор, зав. лаб. по изучению инвазионных болезней сельскохозяйственных животных и птиц Прикаспийского зонального научно-исследовательского ветеринарного института — филиала ФГБНУ «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан», 367000, Махачкала.</p><p>e-mail: pznivi05@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., prof., head. lab. on the study of invasive diseases of farm animals and birds of the Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute, Makhachkala, 367000, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: pznivi@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pznivi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-5020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биттиров</surname><given-names>Анатолий М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bittirov</surname><given-names>Anatoly M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-602X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>Аюб Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>Ayub Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айгубова</surname><given-names>Сабина А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aigubova</surname><given-names>Sabina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Прикаспийский зональный научно-исследовательский ветеринарный институт — филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pricaspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, Makhachkala</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кабардиев С.Ш., Биттиров А.М., Алиев А.Ю., Айгубова С.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кабардиев С.Ш., Биттиров А.М., Алиев А.Ю., Айгубова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kabardiev S.S., Bittirov A.M., Aliev A.Y., Aigubova S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2923">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2923</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Фасциолёз человека, по данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, входит в число глобальных эпидемических угроз паразитарной природы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследования проводили методами прижизненной диагностики, используемыми в медицинской и ветеринарной паразитологии (методом последовательных промываний фекалий, методом Фюллеборна, флотационно-седиментационным методом Демидова), применительно к пробам фекалий и почв.</p><p>Всего в шести субъектах Прикаспийского региона России для изучения распространённости фасциолёза у животных в условиях убойных пунктов исследована печень 1800 убойных овец, 700 коз, 1000 коров. На предмет обнаружения яиц Fasciola hepatica изучено 6000 проб почвы. В 2011–2019 гг. медицинскими службами 6 субъектов Прикаспийского региона в 21 поселении проведена копрологическая диагностика 25 тыс. человек в возрасте от 8 до 65 лет для уточнения заболеваемости фасциолёзом. Результаты проведённых исследований статистически обработаны по методу Н.А. Плохинского с использованием компьютерной программы Microsoft Excel 2008. Индекс встречаемости — процент особей или яиц F. hepatica по отношению к общему числу обследованных объектов — устанавливали на основе мониторинга и анализа отчётов региональных подразделений Роспотребнадзора и Департамента ветеринарии Минсельхоза России за 2011–2019 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При копроовоскопии 25 тыс. проб фекалий, взятых у населения, установлено отсутствие яиц возбудителя фасциолёза. Динамика индекса встречаемости фасциолёза у коз имела тенденцию ежегодного роста на 0,03%, у овец — на 0,06%, у рогатого скота — на 0,05%. Индексы встречаемости и обилия фасциолёза у коз, овец и коров возросли в 2–2,5 раза. Пробы почв, взятые для исследования, в 100% случаев контаминированы инвазионными элементами Fasciola hepatica.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено эпидемиологическое благополучие населения Прикаспийского региона в отношении зооноза. Проведённые исследования указывают на рост индекса встречаемости фасциолёза коз, овец и коров. Стопроцентная контаминация территорий сельских выпасов и отгонно-горных пастбищ инвазионными элементами Fasciola hepatica является биологической и санитарно-гигиенической угрозой животноводству и населению.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Кабардиев С.Ш. — анализ результатов исследований, написание текста; Биттиров А.М. — анализ результатов исследований, редактирование; Алиев А.Ю. — обработка данных, написание текста, статистическая обработка; Айгубова С.А. — сбор материала и обработка данных. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа поддержана Министерством образования и науки Российской Федерации, проект № 14-50-00034.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 04.10.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.12.2022 / Опубликована: 25.03.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. WHO considers human fascioliasis to be a global epidemic threat of a parasitic nature.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The studies were carried out using methods of in vivo diagnostics used in medical and veterinary parasitology (the method of successive washings of feces; the Fülleborn method or the flotation-sedimentation method by Demidov) in relation to samples of feces and soils. In total, in six subjects of Russia to study the spread of fascioliasis in animals in the conditions of slaughterhouses, there were examine the liver in 1800 heads of slaughter sheep, 700 heads of goats, 1000 heads of cows and only 6000 soil samples for the detection of Fasciola hepatica eggs.</p><p>In 2011–2019, medical services of 6 subjects of the Caspian region in 21 settlements carried out scatological diagnostics of the population aged 8 to 65 years, in the amount of 25 thousand people, to clarify the incidence of human fascioliasis. The results of the studies were statistically processed according to the method of N.A. Plokhinsky using the software Microsoft Excel 2008. The occurrence index — the percentage of individuals or eggs of F. hepatica in relation to the total number of examined objects — was based on monitoring and analysis of reports from regional divisions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) and the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia for 2011–2019.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Coproovoscopy of 25 thousand samples of faeces for the presence of eggs of the pathogen of fascioliasis, taken from the population of 21 cities of the Caspian region of the Russian Federation, revealed their absence. The trend in the index of occurrence of goat fascioliasis in 2011–2019. had an annual growth trend of 0.03%; in sheep by 0.06%; in cattle by 0.05%, which also characterizes the lack of control measures.</p><p>In 6 Republics of the Caspian region, the indices of occurrence and abundance of fascioliasis in goats, sheep and cows increased by 2–2.5 times, which indicates the threat of invasion to the development of livestock industries. Soil samples taken for research were contaminated with invasive elements of Fasciola hepatica in 100% of cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The occurrence and abundance indices of F. hepatica eggs were found to be 0, which indicates epidemic well-being in relation to zoonosis. Research conducted indicate to the gain in the incidence index of fascioliasis in goats, sheep, and cows. The 100% contamination of the territories of rural pastures and remote mountain pastures with invasive elements of Fasciola hepatica is a biological and sanitary-hygienic threat to livestock and the population of the Caspian region of Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Kabardiev S.Sh. — analysis of the research, writing the text; Aliev A.Yu. — data processing, text writing, statistical processing; Aigubova S.А. — collection of material and data processing; Bittirov A.M. — analysis of the research, writing the text. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, project No. 14-50-00034. </p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: October 4, 2022 / Accepted: December 8, 2022 / Published: March 25, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Прикаспийский регион</kwd><kwd>фасциолёз</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>животные</kwd><kwd>яйца</kwd><kwd>Fasciola hepatica</kwd><kwd>контаминация</kwd><kwd>загрязнение</kwd><kwd>фекалии</kwd><kwd>почва</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Caspian region</kwd><kwd>fasciolesis</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>animals</kwd><kwd>eggs</kwd><kwd>Fasciola hepatica</kwd><kwd>contamination</kwd><kwd>pollution</kwd><kwd>feces</kwd><kwd>the soil</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Биттиров А.М., Биттирова А.А., Эльдарова Л.Х., Мусаев З.Г. 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