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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2019-98-3-324-327</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-295</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариативность токсического действия тетрахлорметана в условиях сезонных биоритмов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The seasonal variations of carbon tetrachloride toxicity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитский</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskii</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-5944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скупневский</surname><given-names>Сергей Валерьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skupnevskii</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, науч. сотр. ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, 141014, Московская область, Мытищи.</p><p>e-mail: dreammas@yandex.ru; pesticidi@fferisman.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., Researcher of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene named after of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, RussianFederation.</p><p>e-mail: dreammas@yandex.ru; pesticidi@fferisman.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dreammas@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>324</fpage><lpage>327</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ракитский В.Н., Скупневский С.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ракитский В.Н., Скупневский С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakitskii V.N., Skupnevskii S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/295">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/295</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Являясь генетически закреплёнными, биологические ритмы представляют собой универсальную форму адаптации к циклически изменяющимся факторам внешней среды. К числу органов и систем организма, функционирующих в колебательном режиме, относится печень. Её центральная роль в процессах дезинтоксикации может определять вариативность токсических реакций при метаболизме ксенобиотиков. Включение хронобиологических закономерностей в процедуры токсиколого-гигиенических исследований позволит более корректно оценить свойства тестируемых веществ. </p><p>Цель работы – выявление закономерностей в сезонной хронореактивности теплокровных животных к гепатотоксическому воздействию модельного яда – тетрахлорметана. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследования проведены на крысах линии Wistar, разделённых на опытную (CCl4-индуцированный токсический гепатит) и контрольную группы в зимний, весенний, летний и осенний периоды. Стандартными лабораторно-диагностическими методами изучались ключевые параметры, характеризующие функциональное состояние печени и антиоксидантный статус организма (прямой и общий билирубин, холестерин, щелочная фосфатаза, АлАТ, АсАТ, гидроперекиси, малоновый диальдегид, каталаза в тканях печени). </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Согласно результатам проведённых исследований сезонные биоритмы оказывают модулирующий эффект на организм теплокровных животных, причём амплитуда выявленных колебаний отмечалась значительно шире в условиях патологии. Расчёт границ вариативности численных показателей свидетельствует, что у контрольных животных флуктуации наблюдались в диапазоне 10–60%, а на фоне патологии – в пределах 60–300%. Наиболее лабильным параметром оказалась каталаза, что с позиций механизма гепатотоксического действия тетрахлорметана, опосредуемого через активацию процессов свободнорадикального окисления, может объяснять наблюдаемые феномены сезонной хронореактивности. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Учёт модулирующей роли биоритмов в протоколах испытаний позволит оптимизировать существующую процедуру оценки токсических свойств химических веществ и снизить риски для здоровья человека.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Biological rhythms are genetically fixed as a universal form of adaptation to cyclically changing environmental factors. Many organs including the liver and body systems function in an oscillatory mode. Its central role in the process of detoxification may determine the variability of toxic effects in the metabolism of xenobiotics. The including of chronobiological patterns in the procedures of toxicological and hygienic studies will allow more accurate assessing of the properties of tested substances. The aim of the study was to identify variations in the seasonal chrono-reactivity of warm-blooded animals to the hepatotoxic effects of carbon tetrachloride. In studies there were used Wistar rats, divided into experimental (CCl4-induced toxic hepatitis) and control groups in the winter, spring, summer, and autumn. Standard laboratory diagnostic methods studied key indices characterizing the functional activity of the liver and the antioxidant status of the organism (direct and total bilirubin, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, ALAT, ASAT, hydroperoxide, malonic dialdehyde, catalase in the liver tissues). According to the results of the conducted research, seasonal biorhythms have a modulating effect on the organism of warm-blooded animals, and the amplitude of the detected fluctuations was observed to be wider in terms of modeled pathology. The calculation of the variation values of numerical indices shows fluctuations to take place in the range of 10-60% in control group, and within the range of 60-300% in the pathology. The most labile index was catalase. Since the mechanism of carbon tetrachloride toxicity is mediated through the initiation of lipid peroxidation, this may explain the observed phenomena of seasonal chronoreactivity. Thus, taking into account the modulating role of biorhythms in protocols for toxicity testing can optimize the currently used procedures of human health risk assessment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модуляция токсического действия</kwd><kwd>патология печени</kwd><kwd>сезонные биоритмы</kwd><kwd>тетрахлорметан</kwd><kwd>химические риски здоровью</kwd><kwd>хронореактивность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carbon tetrachloride</kwd><kwd>chemical risks for health</kwd><kwd>chronoreactivity</kwd><kwd>liver pathology</kwd><kwd>modulation of toxic effects</kwd><kwd>seasonal biorhythms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Halberg F. Chronobiology. Annu Rev Physiol. 1969; 31: 675-725</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Halberg F. Chronobiology. 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