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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-3-221-228</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2986</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ качества подземных вод Свердловской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the quality of groundwater in the Sverdlovsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6656-3805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харина</surname><given-names>Галина Валерьяновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharina</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доцент кафедры математических и естественнонаучных дисциплин ФГАОУ ВО «Российский государственный профессионально-педагогический университет», 620143, Екатеринбург.</p><p>e-mail: gvkharina32@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate professor of the Department of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Russian State Professional Pedagogical University, Yekaterinburg, 620143, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: gvkharina32@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gvkharina32@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-1626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алёшина</surname><given-names>Людмила В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyoshina</surname><given-names>Ludmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский государственный профессионально-педагогический университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Professional Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный экономический университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>221</fpage><lpage>228</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Харина Г.В., Алёшина Л.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харина Г.В., Алёшина Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharina G.V., Alyoshina L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2986">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2986</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Качество и доступность питьевой воды являются необходимыми условиями охраны здоровья и обеспечения благоприятных условий жизни человека.</p><p>Цель настоящей работы состоит в оценке качества грунтовых вод из источников нецентрализованного водоснабжения Свердловской области.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Пробы воды отбирали из различных источников подземных вод Свердловской области — родников, колодцев, скважин. </p><p>Качество воды оценивали по следующим показателям: жёсткость, окисляемость, рН, содержание тяжёлых металлов (меди, свинца, кадмия, никеля и цинка), нитрат-ионов. Исследования проводили методами титриметрии (жёсткость и окисляемость), потенциометрии (рН и содержание нитрат-ионов) и инверсионной вольтамперометрии (содержание тяжёлых металлов). Степень загрязнения грунтовых вод тяжёлыми металлами оценивалась по индексу загрязнения Cd.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показатель рН в исследуемых пробах воды был в пределах допустимых значений. Жёсткость исследуемых грунтовых вод (за исключением одной пробы) соответствовала ПДК. Высокое содержание нитратов, обусловленное внесением минеральных удобрений и стоками промпредприятий, обнаружено в двух пробах, а превышение нормативных значений окисляемости вследствие проникновения в подземные воды коммунально-бытовых стоков — в трёх пробах. Выявленное сильное загрязнение ряда подземных источников свинцом, кадмием и цинком вызвано действием различных техногенных факторов.</p><p>Ограничения исследования распространяются на количество анализируемых проб, места их отбора, число показателей качества методов их определения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что грунтовые воды Свердловской области из семи источников нецентрализованного водоснабжения загрязнены нитратами, органическими веществами, тяжёлыми металлами (свинцом, цинком, кадмием) и характеризуются повышенной жёсткостью. Обнаружено многократное превышение ПДК свинца, кадмия и цинка в трёх пробах воды. Установлен антропогенный характер загрязнения воды, обусловленный преимущественно близостью автомагистралей и промышленных предприятий к источникам водозабора. Рассчитанные индексы загрязнения грунтовых вод позволили оценить уровень их загрязнения как высокий.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления документов, регулирующих соблюдение этических норм.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Харина Г.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста; Алёшина Л.В. — сбор и обработка материала, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 21.11.2022 / Принята к печати: 24.03.2023 / Опубликована: 20.04.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The quality and availability of drinking water is a prerequisite for the protection of health and ensuring the necessary living conditions of modern man.</p><p>The aim of this work is to assess the quality of groundwater from sources of non-centralized water supply in in the Sverdlovsk region.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Water samples were taken from various groundwater sources including springs, wells, boreholes in the Sverdlovsk region. Water quality was assessed by the following indicators: hardness, oxidizability, pH, content of heavy metals (copper, lead, cadmium, nickel and zinc), nitrate ions. The studies were carried out by titrimetry (hardness and oxidizability), potentiometry (pH and nitrate ion content) and inversion voltammetry (heavy metal content). The degree of contamination of these groundwater with heavy metals was estimated by the Cd pollution index.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The pH values in the studied water samples are within acceptable values. (except for one sample). The hardness values of the studied groundwater (with the exception of one sample) correspond to the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). A high content of nitrates due to the application of mineral fertilizers and industrial effluents was found in two samples studied. Excess of the standard values of oxidizability due to penetration of municipal wastewater into the groundwater was detected in three samples.</p><p>The revealed strong contamination of a number of underground sources with lead, cadmium and zinc is caused by the action of various technogenic factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The number of analyzed samples, the variety of sampling sites, the number of indicators of the quality of the studied water samples, and methods of their determination are limited.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the groundwater of the Sverdlovsk region from seven sources of non-centralized water supply were revealed to be contaminated with nitrates, organic pollutants, heavy metals (lead, zinc, cadmium) and characterized by increased rigidity. MPC of lead, cadmium and zinc was repeatedly found to be exceeded in three water samples. The anthropogenic nature of water pollution has been established, mainly due to the proximity of highways and industrial enterprises to water intake sources. The calculated indices of groundwater pollution allowed estimating the level of their pollution as high.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of documents regulating compliance with ethical standards.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Kharina G.V. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text; Alyoshina L.V. — collection and processing of the material, editing. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: November 21, 2022 / Accepted: March 24, 2023 / Published: April 20, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подземные воды</kwd><kwd>загрязнение</kwd><kwd>тяжёлые металлы</kwd><kwd>нитраты</kwd><kwd>жёсткость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>groundwater</kwd><kwd>pollution</kwd><kwd>heavy metals</kwd><kwd>nitrates</kwd><kwd>hardness</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов В.В., Кулакова Е.С., Гутенев В.В., Денисова И.А. Экология города. Ростов-на-Дону: Феникс; 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov V.V., Kulakova E.S., Gutenev V.V., Denisova I.A. Ecology of the City [Ekologiya goroda]. Rostov-na-Donu: Feniks; 2015. 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