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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-3-229-234</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-2987</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О содержании и контроле кремния в воде водоисточников и питьевой воде (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the content and control of silicon in water sources and drinking water (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-8014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманин</surname><given-names>Юрий А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanin</surname><given-names>Yurii A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-6149</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Наталия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>Natalija A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. гигиены, НИИ экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: NEgorova@cspmz.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., leading researcher of the Hygiene department of the Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: NEgorova@cspmz.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NEgorova@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7194-9131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Руфина И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>Rufina I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0696-5359</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжова</surname><given-names>Ирина Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9616-4517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочеткова</surname><given-names>Марина Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetkova</surname><given-names>Marina G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью»&#13;
Федерального медико-биологического агентства; ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты&#13;
прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman» of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью»&#13;
Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>229</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рахманин Ю.А., Егорова Н.А., Михайлова Р.И., Рыжова И.Н., Кочеткова М.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахманин Ю.А., Егорова Н.А., Михайлова Р.И., Рыжова И.Н., Кочеткова М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmanin Y.A., Egorova N.A., Mikhailova R.I., Ryzhova I.N., Kochetkova M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2987">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/2987</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Присутствие соединений кремния (Si) в воде водоисточников и питьевой воде остаётся актуальной проблемой, поскольку всё ещё нет достаточного понимания роли этого элемента в предупреждении и развитии болезней человека. Не сформировано единого мнения и о необходимости установления гигиенических предельно допустимых концентраций (ПДК) кремния, а также о целесообразности контроля его содержания в воде. Существуют противоположные точки зрения на действие присутствующего в питьевой воде Si: одни исследователи однозначно настаивают на положительных его эффектах, другие — на отрицательном влиянии на здоровье человека. Ни одна из этих точек зрения не является полностью подтверждённой и окончательно доказанной.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы поиска литературы</title><p>Методы поиска литературы: по базам научных данных Scopus, CyberLeninka, PubMed; выборочный; аналитико-синтетический; типологический.</p></sec><sec><title>Основная часть</title><p>Основная часть. В обзоре приводятся данные, свидетельствующие о значимости контроля содержания кремния в питьевой воде. Рассматриваются результаты ряда исследований, посвящённых оценке способности кремния, поступающего с питьевой водой, противодействовать токсическому действию алюминия на ткани головного мозга, таким образом снижая риск развития деменции и болезни Альцгеймера. Приводятся примеры изучения возможной связи содержания кремния в питьевой воде с увеличением случаев хронических болезней почек невыясненной этиологии (на примерах Индии и Индонезии), а также данные об отрицательных последствиях для здоровья длительного употребления кремнийсодержащей воды в кремниевой провинции Чувашии. Обобщены сведения о содержании кремния в воде водоисточников и питьевой воде в Российской Федерации и за рубежом, а также об используемых в настоящее время методах аналитического контроля кремния в воде.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Многие вопросы контроля содержания кремния в питьевой воде и воде водоисточников остаются нерешёнными, для ответа на них необходимы совместные действия токсикологов, эпидемиологов, химиков, специалистов по гигиене и санитарной охране водоёмов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Рахманин Ю.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Егорова Н.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование; Михайлова Р.И. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Рыжова И.Н. — концепция и дизайн статьи, сбор и обработка материала; Кочеткова М.Г. — сбор и обработка материала, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 02.02.2023 / Принята к печати: 24.03.2023 / Опубликована: 20.04.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The problem of the presence of silicon in water sources and drinking water remains relevant, since there is still no sufficient understanding of the role of silicon contained in drinking water in the prevention and development of human diseases, there is no consensus on the need to establish hygienic maximum concentration limits for silicon and the feasibility of monitoring the silicon content in water. There are two opposing points of view on the effect of silicon presented in drinking water: on its definitely positive effects, and on its negative impact on human health. None of these points of view is fully confirmed and definitively proven.</p><p>Literature Search Methods. Literature search methods on Scopus, CyberLeninka, PubMed databases: selective, analytical-synthetic, typological.</p></sec><sec><title>The main part</title><p>The main part. The review provides evidence of the importance of controlling the content of silicon in drinking water. The results of a number of studies devoted to assessing the ability of silicon supplied with drinking water to counteract the toxic effect of aluminum on brain tissue, thus reducing the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, are considered. Examples are given of studying the possible relationship between silicon content in drinking water and an increase in cases of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (on the examples of India and Indonesia), and the data on the negative health effects of long-term drinking of silicon-containing water in the silicon province of Chuvashia. Information is also given on the content of silicon in the water of water sources and drinking water in the Russian Federation and abroad, also the currently used methods for the analytical control of silicon in water.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The problem of the content and control of silicon in drinking water and water sources includes many unresolved issues, which will be considered by the joint actions of toxicologists, epidemiologists, chemists, specialists in hygiene and sanitary protection of water bodies.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Rakhmanin Yu.A. — concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article; Mikhailova R.I. — concept and design of the study, editing; Egorova N.A. — concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing text, editing; Ryzhova I.N. — concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material; Kochetkova M.G. — collection and processing of material, approval of the final version of the article. </p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 2, 2022 / Accepted: March 24, 2022 / Published: April 20, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кремний в воде водоисточников и питьевой воде</kwd><kwd>эффекты в организме</kwd><kwd>методы контроля в воде</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>silicon in water sources and drinking water</kwd><kwd>effects in the body</kwd><kwd>water control methods</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вапиров В.В., Феоктистов В.М., Венскович А.А., Вапирова Н.В. К вопросу о поведении кремния в природе и его биологической роли. 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