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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-4-318-327</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">yruqkx</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3077</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиеническая оценка образа жизни, напряжённости и режима труда, состояния здоровья и психологического благополучия педагогов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygienic assessment of lifestyle, work pressure and regime, health status and psychological well-being in teachers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-5546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучма</surname><given-names>Владислав Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchma</surname><given-names>Vladislav R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5895-4577</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Светлана Борисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. гигиены детей, подростков и молодёжи Института комплексных проблем гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи.</p><p>e-mail: sokolovasb@fferisman.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci, Leading Researcher of the Department of Hygiene for Children, Adolescents and Youth, Institute of Complex Hygiene Problems of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, 141014, Mytishchi, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: sokolovasb@fferisman.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sokolovasb@fferisman.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-4491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рапопорт</surname><given-names>Ирина К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rapoport</surname><given-names>Irina K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-4791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубаровский</surname><given-names>Владимир В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubarovsky</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>318</fpage><lpage>327</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кучма В.Р., Соколова С.Б., Рапопорт И.К., Чубаровский В.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кучма В.Р., Соколова С.Б., Рапопорт И.К., Чубаровский В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuchma V.R., Sokolova S.B., Rapoport I.K., Chubarovsky V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3077">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3077</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Состояние здоровья учащихся общеобразовательных школ находится в прямой зависимости от состояния здоровья и психоэмоционального самочувствия учителей.</p><p>Цель исследования — обосновать алгоритм оценки обеспечения благоприятных условий профессиональной деятельности педагогов общеобразовательных организаций на основании анализа образа жизни, напряжённости и режима труда, состояния здоровья и психологического благополучия учителей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объекты исследования: педагоги, инструменты оценки здоровьесберегающей деятельности школ. Проведены медицинские осмотры, анкетирование для получения информации о психологическом статусе, образе жизни и организации труда педагогов, выполнен анализ инструментов оценки здоровьесберегающей деятельности школ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Педагогический состав представлен преимущественно женщинами в возрасте от 30 до 59 лет со стажем преподавательской деятельности в среднем 23 года, обследованные имеют благоприятные семейные и жилищные условия. Оптимальная напряжённость деятельности выявлена у 3,3% педагогов, допустимая — у 76,7%, напряжённая 1-й степени (вредная) — у 20,0%. Высокий уровень профессионального стресса имели 74,1% педагогов. Большинство педагогов недостаточно внимания уделяют своему здоровью. Ведущие поведенческие факторы риска: несбалансированное питание, нерациональная организация труда и отдыха, низкая физическая активность.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Использование комплекса методов было одной из сильных сторон исследования, что позволило выявить потенциальные факторы, влияющие на здоровье учителей, и разработать алгоритм оценки обеспечения благоприятных условий профессиональной деятельности педагогов общеобразовательных организаций. В программу углублённого обследования с определением состояния здоровья и психологического статуса вошли только учителя начальных классов школ Москвы, поэтому результаты исследования могут варьироваться в зависимости от места проживания (региона) и личных характеристик, но могут быть обобщены применительно к лицам, имеющим аналогичные фоновые характеристики и условия.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Определены современные профессиональные факторы риска для здоровья педагогов. Предложены показатели и алгоритм оценки обеспечения благоприятных условий профессиональной деятельности педагогов общеобразовательных организаций.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. От всех участников исследования получено информированное добровольное письменное согласие и разрешение на публикацию персональной медицинской информации в обезличенной форме в журнале «Гигиена и санитария».</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Кучма В.Р. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Соколова С.Б. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка, написание текста; Рапопорт И.К. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование; Чубаровский В.В. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 24.01.2023 / Принята к печати: 24.03.2023 / Опубликована: 29.05.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The state of health in students in schools is directly dependent on the state of health and psycho-emotional well-being in teachers.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study: to substantiate the algorithm for assessing the provision of favourable conditions for the professional activities of schoolteachers based on an analysis of the lifestyle, work intensity and work regime, the state of health and psychological well-being in teachers.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The object of the study were teachers, tools for assessing the health promoting activities of schools. Surveys of lifestyle, work management, psychological status in teachers, medical examinations were conducted; analysis of tools for assessing the health promoting activities of schools.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Teachers are mostly women aged 30 to 59 years, with an average teaching experience of 23 years, have favourable family and living conditions. The optimal intensity of the teacher’s activity was found in 3.3%, acceptable – in 76.7%, tense of the 1st degree (harmful) – in 20.0%. 74.1% of teachers had a high level of occupatonal stress. Most teachers care little for their health. The leading behavioural risk factors for teachers are irrational unbalanced nutrition, irrational management of work and rest, low physical activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The use of a complex of research methods was one of the strengths of the study, which made it possible to identify potential factors affecting the health of teachers and develop an algorithm for assessing the provision of favourable conditions for the professional activities of schoolteachers. The program of an in-depth examination with the determination of the state of health and psychological status included only primary school teachers in Moscow, so the results of the study may vary depending on the place of residence (region) and personal characteristics, but can be generalized in relation to persons with similar background characteristics and conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Modern professional risk factors for the health of teachers are determined. For the first time, indicators and an algorithm for assessing the provision of favourable conditions for the professional activity of schoolteachers are proposed. </p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. Research involving schoolteachers was done on a voluntary basis, with sufficient information available to be understood, in compliance with the ethical standards set out in the Declaration of Helsinki, the international ethical guidelines for conducting biomedical research on humans.</p></sec><sec><title>Patient consent</title><p>Patient consent. Each participant of the study gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study and publish personal medical information in an impersonal form in the journal “Gigiena i Sanitariya (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal)”.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Kuchma V.R. — the concept and design of the study, editing; Sokolova S.B. — the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing a text; Rapoport I.K. — collection and processing of material, editing; Chubarovsky V.V. — collection and processing of material, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: January 24, 2023 / Accepted: March 24, 2023 / Published: May 29, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>педагоги общеобразовательных организаций</kwd><kwd>поведенческие факторы риска для учителей</kwd><kwd>напряжённость и режим труда преподавателей</kwd><kwd>состояние здоровья педагога</kwd><kwd>психологическое благополучие учителя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>schoolteachers</kwd><kwd>behavioral risk factors of teachers</kwd><kwd>work intensity and work regime of schoolmasters</kwd><kwd>health status of the teacher</kwd><kwd>psychological well-being of schoolmaster</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ганузин В.М. Буллинг, дидактогения и синдром педагогического насилия в отечественных и зарубежных исследованиях. 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