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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-5-482-487</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">weyfqf</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3119</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аэрогенная экспозиция бенз(а)пиреном детей как фактор модификации генетически детерминированной клеточной гибели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Aerogenic exposure of benzo(a)pyrene in children as the modification factor of genetically determined cell death</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-3145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгих</surname><given-names>Олег В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgikh</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7271-9477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никоношина</surname><given-names>Наталья Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonoshina</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. иммунологии и аллергологии, аспирант ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения».</p><p>e-mail: nat08.11@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior research associate of the laboratory of immunology and allergology, post-graduate student of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: nat08.11@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat08.11@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>482</fpage><lpage>487</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долгих О.В., Никоношина Н.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долгих О.В., Никоношина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolgikh O.V., Nikonoshina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3119">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3119</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение особенностей генетически детерминированной гибели клеток у детей в условиях аэрогенной экспозиции бенз(а)пиреном является актуальным в аспекте идентификации иммунологических и генетических маркёров воздействия техногенных химических факторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследованы 569 детей дошкольного возраста. Группа наблюдения — дети, проживающие в условиях аэрогенной экспозиции бенз(а)пиреном (n = 384), группа сравнения — дети, проживающие на условно чистой территории (n = 185). Определение содержания бенз(а)пирена в атмосферном воздухе и в крови проводили методом ВЭЖХ. Определение AnnexinV-FITC+7AAD–, AnnexinV-FITC+7AAD+, Bax, Bcl-2, CD95+, p53, TNFR выполняли методом проточной цитофлуориметрии, изучение полиморфизма генов FAS (rs1159120) и TP53 (rs1042522) — методом ПЦР в реальном времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Аэрогенная экспозиция бенз(а)пиреном (7,4 ПДКсс) при его поступлении в дозе 0,000163 мг/(кг × день) обусловливает повышение уровня контаминации крови детей относительно группы сравнения и референтного уровня. Изменения иммунного профиля обследованного контингента (повышение содержания маркёров апоптоза AnnexinV-FITC+7AAD–-клеток, CD3+CD95+-лимфоцитов, р53, TNFR на фоне компенсаторной гиперпродукции антиапоптотического белка Bcl-2) ассоциированы с С-аллелем (OR = 1,38; 95% CI = 1,02–1,88; p &lt; 0,05) и с СС-генотипом (OR = 2,53; 95% CI = 1,72–3,72; p &lt; 0,05) гена FAS (rs1159120), а также с С-аллелем (OR = 1,96; 95% CI = 1,53–2,53; p &lt; 0,05) и СС-генотипом (OR = 2,53; 95% CI = 1,72–3,72; p &lt; 0,05) гена TP53 (rs1042522).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Ограничения на проведение исследований, связанные c возможностью применения выбранных методов, характеристиками объектов исследования, отсутствовали.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ассоциированные с контаминацией крови бенз(а)пиреном изменения иммунного профиля (избыток AnnexinV-FITC+7AAD–-клеток и CD3+CD95+-лимфоцитов, р53, TNFR, Bcl-2), сопряжённые с С-аллелем (OR = 1,38; 95% CI = 1,02–1,88; p &lt; 0,05) и СС-генотипом (OR = 2,53; 95% CI = 1,72–3,72; p &lt; 0,05) гена FAS (rs1159120), а также с С-аллелем (OR = 1,96; 95% CI = 1,53–2,53; p &lt; 0,05) и СС-генотипом (OR = 2,53; 95% CI = 1,72–3,72; p &lt; 0,05) гена TP53 (rs1042522), формируют риски нарушений запрограммированной клеточной гибели у детей, проживающих в условиях аэрогенной экспозиции бенз(а)пиреном, при его поступлении в дозе более 0,000163 мг/(кг × день).</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование выполнено с соблюдением этических требований Хельсинкской декларации ВМА 2000 г. и протокола Конвенции Совета Европы о правах человека и биомедицине 1999 г. Исследование одобрено ЛЭК ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (протокол № 23 от 20.12.2021 г.). Было получено информированное согласие законных представителей участников исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Долгих О.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание и редактирование текста; Никоношина Н.А. — сбор и обработка материала, статистическая обработка, написание и редактирование текста. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 09.03.2023 / Принята к печати: 31.05.2023/ Опубликована: 20.06.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The study of genetically determined cell death features in children under the conditions of aerogenic exposure to benzo(a)pyrene is relevant in the identification of immunological and genetic markers of technogenic chemical factor exposure.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Five hundred sixty nine preschool children were examined. Observation group included 384 children living under the conditions of aerogenic exposure to benzo(a)pyrene. Comparison group consisted of 185 children living in a relatively clean area. Determination of the content of benzo(a)pyrene in atmospheric air and in blood was carried out by HPLC. Determination of Annexin-FITC+7AAD–, Annexin-FITC+7AAD+, Bax, Bcl-2, CD95+, p53, TNFR was made by flow cytofluorometry. The study of FAS (rs1159120) and TP53 (rs1042522) gene polymorphism was performed by real-time PCR.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The aerogenic benzo(a)pyrene exposure (7.4 MPCad) at a dose of 0.000163 mg/(kg · day) causes an increase in the level of contamination in children blood relative to the comparison group and the reference level (p&lt;0.05). Changes in the immune profile of the examined contingent (increased content of apoptosis markers — Annexin-FITC+7AAD–-cells, CD3+CD95+-lymphocytes, p53, TNFR against the background of compensatory anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 hyperproduction) are associated with the C-allele (OR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.02–1.88, p&lt;0.05); and CC-genotype (OR=2.53; 95% CI: 1.72–3.72, p&lt;0.05) of FAS gene (rs1159120), and the C-allele (OR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.53–2.53, p&lt;0.05) and CC-genotype (OR=2.53; 95% CI: 1.72–3.72, p&lt;0.05) of t TP53 gene (rs1042522).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. There are no restrictions on conducting research related to the possibility of using the selected methods and the characteristics of the objects of research.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Changes in the immune profile associated with blood contamination with benzo(a)pyrene (excess of AnnexinV-FITC+7AAD– and CD3+CD95+-lymphocytes, p53, TNFR, Bcl-2 cells) are associated with the C-allele (OR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.02–1.88, p&lt;0.05); and CC-genotype (OR=2.53; 95% CI: 1.72–3.72, p&lt;0.05) of FAS gene (rs1159120), and C-allele (OR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.53–2.53, p&lt;0.05) and CC-genotype (OR=2.53; 95% CI: 1.72–3.72, p&lt;0.05) of t TP53 gene (rs1042522) form the risks of programmed cell death violations in children living under the conditions of aerogenic exposure to benzo(a)pyrene, when it is entered the body at a dose of more than 0.000163 mg/(kg · day).</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was carried out in compliance with the ethical requirements of the Helsinki Declaration of the WMA 2000 and the Protocol of the Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine 1999. The study was approved by the LEC of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being (Protocol No. 23 of 12/20/2021). Informed consent was obtained for all participants.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Dolgikh O.V. — concept and design of research, writing and editing of text; Nikonoshina N.A. — collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing and editing of text. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: March 9, 2023 / Accepted: May 31, 2023 / Published: June 20, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бенз(а)пирен</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>иммунный профиль</kwd><kwd>генетический полиморфизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>benzo(a)pyrene</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>immune profile</kwd><kwd>genetic polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng Y.L., Liao J.Q., Zhou B., Zhang W.X., Liu C., Yuan X.Q., et al. Early life exposure to air pollution and cell-mediated immune responses in preschoolers. Chemosphere. 2022; 286(Pt. 3): 131963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131963</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng Y.L., Liao J.Q., Zhou B., Zhang W.X., Liu C., Yuan X.Q., et al. 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