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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-6-591-596</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">suafga</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стабильность остаточных количеств пестицидов в плодах цитрусовых при хранении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stability of pesticide residues in citrus fruits during storage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-5090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гречина</surname><given-names>Марина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grechina</surname><given-names>Marina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. аналитических методов контроля ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи.</p><p>e-mail: analyt1@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Scientist of the department of an analytical control methods, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F. Erisman, Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: analyt1@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">analyt1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитский</surname><given-names>Валерий Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskii</surname><given-names>Valery N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Наталья Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Natalya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F. Erisman, Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>591</fpage><lpage>596</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гречина М.С., Ракитский В.Н., Федорова Н.Е., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гречина М.С., Ракитский В.Н., Федорова Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grechina M.S., Rakitskii V.N., Fedorova N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3199">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3199</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Хранение отобранных проб перед транспортировкой в лабораторию и непосредственно перед проведением анализа является важной составляющей в процессе контроля и оценки качества продукции.</p><p>Цель работы — оценить деградацию действующих веществ пестицидов в реальных пробах плодов цитрусовых культур, оставленных на длительное хранение в условиях глубокой заморозки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для идентификации и количественного определения действующих веществ пестицидов использован метод высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с тройным квадрупольным масс-детектором (ВЭЖХ-МС/МС). Согласно методике анализа МУК 4.1.3657–20, криогенное измельчение проб проводилось в куттере с использованием сухого льда. Пробоподготовка осуществлялась по технологии QuEChERS.</p><p>Для извлечения аналитов из гомогенизированного образца применяли ацетонитрил в присутствии солей, содержащих цитратный буфер, с последующей очисткой экстракта методом ТФЭ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследованных пробах цитрусовых аналиты показали стабильность. По окончании 30 мес хранения образцов в условиях глубокой заморозки (температура не выше минус 20 °С) идентифицированные уровни действующих веществ пестицидов имазалила, пириметанила и прохлораза не изменились более чем на 20% по сравнению с ранее обнаруженными концентрациями. Выявленные при исследовании образцов незначительные количества имидаклоприда, тиабендазола и пирипроксифена, а также следы азоксистробина и трифлоксистробина также обнаружены в пробах после длительного хранения.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничение исследования</title><p>Ограничение исследования. Исследование ограничено изучением стабильности отдельных действующих веществ, которые обнаружены в реальных пробах цитрусовых, предназначенных для реализации потребителю.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Надлежащее хранение образцов должно обеспечивать сохранение уровней действующих веществ в пробах и исключать их изменение вследствие различных процессов (улетучивания, ферментативного и гидролитического разложения и др.), что требует выполнения предварительных экспериментальных исследований для оценки их стабильности. В работе показана стабильность остаточных количеств имазалила, пириметанила, прохлораза, имидаклоприда, тиабендазола и пирипроксифена в матрицах цитрусовых плодов при условиях хранения в морозильном ларе при температуре не выше минус 20 °С в течение 30 мес.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике и иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Ракитский В.Н. — концепция и дизайн исследования, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Федорова Н.Е. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание рукописи, редактор, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Гречина М.С. — сбор и обработка материала, статистическая обработка, написание рукописи, сбор данных литературы.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 23.05.2023 / Принята к печати: 31.05.2023 / Опубликована: 30.07.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Storage of selected samples before transportation to the laboratory and immediately before analysis is an important component in the process of product quality control and evaluation.</p><p>Purpose of the work was to evaluate the degradation of pesticide active substances in real samples of citrus fruit left for long periods of storage in deep freezing conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. High-performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass detector (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to identify and quantify pesticide active substances. According to the method of analysis MUK 4.1.3657–20, cryogenic grinding of samples was carried out in a cutter using dry ice. Sample preparation was carried out using the QuEChERS technology. To extract analytes from a homogenized sample acetonitrile was used in the presence of salts containing citrate buffer, followed by purification of the extract by SPE.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the studied samples of citrus, the analytes showed stability. Thirty months after storage of samples in deep freezing conditions (temperature not higher than –20 °C), the identified levels of active ingredients of the pesticides imazalil, pyrimethanil and prochloraz did not change by more than 20% compared to the previously detected concentrations. Insignificant amounts of imidacloprid, thiabendazole and pyriproxyfen, as well as traces of azoxystrobin and trifloxystrobin, detected in the study of samples, were also found in samples after long-term storage. </p></sec><sec><title>Limitation</title><p>Limitation. The study is limited to the study of the stability of individual active substances found in real samples of citrus fruits intended for sale to the consumer.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Proper storage of samples should ensure the preservation of the levels of active substances in the samples and exclude their change due to various processes (volatilization, enzymatic and hydrolytic decomposition, etc.), which requires the performance of preliminary experimental studies to assess their stability. The work showed the stability of residual quantities of imazalil, pyrimethanil, prochloraz, imidacloprid, thiabendazole, and pyriproxyfen in citrus fruit matrices under storage conditions in a freezer at not more than –20 °C for 30 months.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require a biomedical ethics committee opinion.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Rakitskii V.N. ­— research concept and design, аpproval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article; Fedorova N.E. ­— research concept and design, writing of the manuscript, editor, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article; Grechina M.S. ­— collection and processing of material, statistical analysis, writing of the manuscript, collection of literature data. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: May 23, 2023 / Accepted: June 7, 2023 / Published: July 30, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пестициды</kwd><kwd>хранение проб</kwd><kwd>QuEChERS</kwd><kwd>плоды цитрусовых</kwd><kwd>аналитический контроль остаточных количеств</kwd><kwd>ВЭЖХ-МС/МС</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pesticides</kwd><kwd>sample storage</kwd><kwd>QuEChERS</kwd><kwd>citrus fruits</kwd><kwd>analytical control of pesticide residues</kwd><kwd>HPLC-MS/MS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">CAC (Codex Alimentarius Commission). Guidelines on Good Laboratory Practice in Pesticide Residue Analysis; CAC/GL 40-1993, Rev.1-2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CAC (Codex Alimentarius Commission). 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