medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-7-624-631ugxspymedlit-3262Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENEПоказатели окислительного стресса в пробах крови коренных и пришлых жителей арктической зоны ЯкутииIndicators of oxidative stress in blood samples of indigenous residents and newcomers in the Arctic zone of Yakutiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-3085ХрипачЛюдмила ВасильевнаKhripachLudmila V.

Доктор биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. профилактической токсикологии и медико-биологических исследований ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва.

e-mail: LKhripach@cspmz.ru

MD, PhD, DSci., leading researcher of the Department of Preventive Toxicology and Biomedical Research, Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation.

e-mail: LKhripach@cspmz.ru 

LKhripach@cspmz.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-5018КнязеваТатьяна Д.KnyazevaTatiana D.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-8110КогановаЗоя И.KoganovaZoya I.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9339-9310ЖелезнякЕвгения В.ZheleznyakEvgeniia V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-9686ЗагайноваАнжелика В.ZagaynovaAnzhelika V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства РоссииРоссияCentre for Strategic Planning, FMBA of RussiaRussian Federation2023310820231027624631Copyright © Хрипач Л.В., Князева Т.Д., Коганова З.И., Железняк Е.В., Загайнова А.В., 20232023Хрипач Л.В., Князева Т.Д., Коганова З.И., Железняк Е.В., Загайнова А.В.Khripach L.V., Knyazeva T.D., Koganova Z.I., Zheleznyak E.V., Zagaynova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3262Введение

Введение. Окислительный стресс является неспецифической реакцией организма на воздействие повреждающих факторов, в том числе климатических.

Цель исследования

Цель исследования: сравнить показатели окислительного стресса и их возрастные зависимости в пробах крови коренного (эволюционно адаптированного) и пришлого населения арктической зоны Якутии.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В лизатах цельной крови коренных (n = 100) и пришлых (n = 37) жителей посёлков Чокурдах и Тикси определяли активность супероксиддисмутазы (SOD), каталазы (CAT), глутатионпероксидазы (GPx) и содержание малонового диальдегида (MDA). Сравниваемые подвыборки не различались по возрасту (медианы 34 и 37 лет; р = 0,407).

Результаты

Результаты. Не найдено достоверных различий между пришлыми и коренными жителями по активности SOD, CAT и содержанию в крови MDA. Активность GPx у пришлых жителей в 1,2 раза превышала значения у коренных (27,8 [22,4; 32] и 23,4 [19,2; 29,4] Ед/г Hb; р = 0,042), но быстро уменьшалась с возрастом (R = –0,549; p = 0,001) параллельно с нарастанием содержания MDA (R = 0,420; p = 0,01), тогда как у коренных жителей возрастные изменения GPx и MDA отсутствовали.

Ограничения исследования

Ограничения исследования. Связаны с относительно небольшим объёмом выборки (137 человек).

Заключение

Заключение. Согласно современным представлениям геронтологов, возрастные тренды активности ферментов возникают за счёт изменений в регуляции экспрессии соответствующих генов и отражают скорость старения популяции. Поэтому можно предположить, что полученные нами свидетельства ускоренного старения пришлых жителей Арктики по сравнению с коренными обусловлены генетическим полиморфизмом транскрипционных факторов GPx1.

Соблюдение этических стандартов. Организация обследования населения и бланки информированного согласия на отбор биопроб согласованы с локальным этическим комитетом, протокол № 30 от 17.06.2021 г.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Хрипач Л.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, оценка биохимических показателей, математическая обработка результатов, написание текста; Князева Т.Д., Коганова З.И. — оценка биохимических показателей; Железняк Е.В. — поиск данных литературы; Загайнова А.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, организация банка проб крови. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование проведено в рамках выполнения Госзадания ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России.

Поступила

Поступила: 18.04.2023 / Принята к печати: 07.06.2023 / Опубликована: 30.08.2023

Introduction

Introduction. Oxidative stress is non-specific reaction of human organism in response to various damaging factors, including climatic. 

The purpose of the study

The purpose of the study. To compare markers of oxidative stress and corresponding age dependences in blood samples of indigenous (evolutionarily adapted) and newcomer inhabitants of the Arctic zone of Yakutia. 

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde content (MDA) were determined in blood lysates of indigenous (n=100) and newcomers (n=37) residents of Chokurdakh and Tiksi settlements. The compared subsamples did not differ in age (medians 34 and 37 years, p=0.407). 

Results

Results. No significant differences were found between newcomers and natives in terms of SOD, CAT and MDA content in the blood. The GPx activity of newcomers was 1.2 times higher than that of the natives (27.8 [22.4; 32.0] and 23.4 [19.2; 29.4] U/g Hb, p=0.042), but rapidly decreased with age (R= –0.549; p=0.001) in parallel with the increase in MDA content (R=0.420; p=0.01), whereas the indigenous people had no age-related changes in GPx and MDA. 

Limitations

Limitations. Associated with a comparatively modest sample size (137 persons). 

Conclusion

Conclusion. According to modern gerontology, age-related trends in enzyme activity arise due to changes in regulation of corresponding genes and reflect the rate of aging of the population. So it can be assumed that our data, which show accelerated aging of Arctic alien inhabitants compared to the indigenous ones, can be explained by genetic polymorphism of GPx1 transcription factors.

Compliance with ethical standards. Management of depersonalized population survey and the forms of informed consent for biosampling were agreed with the Local Ethics Committee), Protocol No. 30 of 06/17/2021.

Contributions

Contributions:Khripach L.V. — research concept and design, biochemical assays, mathematical analysis, writing text; Zagainova A.V. — research concept and design, organization of blood sample bank; Knyazeva T.D., Koganova Z.I. — biochemical assays; Zheleznyak E.V. — collection of literary data. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study was carried out as part of the State Assignment of the Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia. 

Received

Received: April 18, 2023 / Accepted: June 7, 2023 / Published: August 30, 2023

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.