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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-7-720-725</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">neommy</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка нейротоксического эффекта наночастиц оксида железа (III) на субклеточном уровне</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the neurotoxic effect of iron (III) oxide nanoparticles at the subcellular level</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-8777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеломенцев</surname><given-names>Иван Глебович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelomentsev</surname><given-names>Ivan G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП», 620014, Екатеринбург.</p><p>e-mail: shelomencev@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Electron Microscopy, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: shelomencev@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shelomencev@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-5103</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амромин</surname><given-names>Лев А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amromin</surname><given-names>Lev A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-3406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаихова</surname><given-names>Дарья Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaikhova</surname><given-names>Daria R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>Марина П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>Marina P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-8593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>Ильзира А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>Ilzira A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский–научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промышленных предприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers of the Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>720</fpage><lpage>725</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шеломенцев И.Г., Амромин Л.А., Шаихова Д.Р., Сутункова М.П., Минигалиева И.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шеломенцев И.Г., Амромин Л.А., Шаихова Д.Р., Сутункова М.П., Минигалиева И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shelomentsev I.G., Amromin L.A., Shaikhova D.R., Sutunkova M.P., Minigalieva I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3277">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3277</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Наночастицы являются продуктом как естественного, так и искусственного происхождения, могут присутствовать в окружающей среде в высоких концентрациях и рассматриваются как фактор, способный оказывать токсическое воздействие на организм человека. Преодоление металлосодержащими наночастицами гематоэнцефалического барьера доказано и представляет интерес с точки зрения промышленной токсикологии и гигиены.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Экспозиция наночастицами оксида железа (III) была осуществлена на крысах-самках интраназально. В контрольную и опытную группы включали одинаковое число животных (7). Наночастицы в виде суспензии 0,25 мг/мл вводили крысам в каждый носовой проход по 50 мкл три раза в неделю в течение 6 нед. Образцы ткани для исследования были взяты из обонятельных луковиц мозга крыс. Идентификацию наночастиц оксида железа (III) проводили методом электронной микроскопии и энергодисперсионной рентгеновской спектроскопии. Цитотоксическое действие наночастиц оксида железа (III) оценивалось путём ранжирования митохондрий по морфотипам митохондриальной мембраны и сравнения их распределения у опытной и контрольной групп животных.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Подтверждено наличие наночастиц в тканях обонятельных луковиц мозга крыс. Морфотипический состав митохондрий показал существенные изменения после экспозиции наночастицами оксида железа (III): доля митохондрий с нормальным и везикулярно набухшим морфотипами снизилась на 36,4 и 4,9% соответственно по сравнению с контрольной группой животных, доля митохондрий нормально-везикулярного и везикулярного морфотипов повысилась на 19,8 и 21,8%, доля везикулярно набухших митохондрий снизилась с 9,5 до 4,6%.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование было ограничено изучением ультраструктурных нарушений митохондрий и идентификацией наночастиц оксида железа (III) в тканях.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Дальнейшие исследования воздействия на структуру и функции митохондриального аппарата железосодержащих наночастиц могут способствовать выявлению их потенциальной опасности на субклеточном уровне и дать информацию для разработки мер защиты населения, формирования новых стратегий профилактики и лечения токсико-индуцированных патологий.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Животные содержались в соответствии с Женевской конвенцией International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals (CIOMS и ICLAS). Исследование одобрено на заседании локального этического комитета ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский–научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промышленных предприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (№ 2 от 20 апреля 2020 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Сутункова М.П. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Минигалиева И.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Шеломенцев И.Г. — сбор и анализ данных, интерпретация результатов, литературный обзор, подготовка рукописи; Амромин Л.А. — сбор и анализ данных, интерпретация результатов, литературный обзор, подготовка рукописи; Шаихова Д.Р. — сбор и анализ данных, интерпретация результатов, литературный обзор, подготовка рукописи.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 21.02.2023 / Принята к печати: 07.06.2023 / Опубликована: 30.08.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Both naturally occurring and artificially produced nanoparticles are ubiquitous; their high concentrations can be detected in the environment, thus posing risks of toxic effects in humans. Penetrating the blood-brain barrier by metal nanoparticles has been already proven and is currently of interest from the point of view of toxicology and hygiene.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Female rats were exposed to ferric oxide nanoparticles administered intranasally with a 25 mg/ml suspension at a dose of 50 µl three times a week during six weeks. The experimental and control groups contained seven animals each. Tissue samples for testing were taken from the olfactory bulbs of the rat’s brain. Iron (III) oxide nanoparticles were identified by electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effect of ferric oxide nanoparticles was assessed by ranking mitochondria by mitochondrial membrane morphotypes and comparing their distribution in the experimental and control groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We confirmed the presence of nanoparticles in tissues of the olfactory bulbs of the exposed rodents. The morphotype pattern of mitochondria showed significant changes following the exposure to ferric oxide nanoparticles: the proportion of mitochondria with normal and vesicular swollen morphotypes decreased by 36.4 and 4.9%, respectively, compared with the control group of animals, the proportion of mitochondria with normal vesicular and vesicular morphotypes increased by 19.8 and 21.8%, while the proportion of vesicular swollen mitochondria decreased from 9.5% to 4.6%.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study was limited to examining ultrastructural changes in mitochondria and identifying ferric oxide nanoparticles in tissues.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Further studies of the impact of iron-containing nanoparticles on the structure and functions of the mitochondrial apparatus can help to identify their potential harm at the subcellular level and provide information for the development of appropriate health protective measures and new strategies for prevention and treatment of metal toxicity-induced diseases in humans.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The animals were kept in accordance with the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals (CIOMS and ICLAS). The study approval was provided by the Local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (Minutes No. 2 of April 20, 2020).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Sutunkova M.P., Minigalieva I.A. — study conception and design;Shelomentsev I.G., Amromin L.A., Shaikhova D.R. — data collection, analysis and interpretation of results, literature review, draft manuscript preparation.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 21, 2023 / Accepted: June 7, 2023 / Published: August 30, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>оксид железа (III)</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>обонятельные луковицы</kwd><kwd>нейротоксичность</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>электронная микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>ferric oxide</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>olfactory bulbs</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pereira A.C., Gonçalves B.B., Brito R.D.S., Vieira L.G., Lima E.C.O., Rocha T.L. 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