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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2019-98-6-619-624</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-342</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиеническая оценка расположения и состояния детских игровых площадок на территории Санкт-Петербурга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygienic evaluation of the dislocation and state of recreations for children in the city of Saint-Petersburg</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7516-9036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балтрукова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Борисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baltrukova</surname><given-names>Tatyana B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России, 191015, Санкт-Петербург.</p><p>e-mail: xray_btb@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., Professor of the I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, 191015, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: xray_btb@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xray_btb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9831-6323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янушанец</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Janushanets</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-769X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6973-6479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7971-4062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noskov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-2255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леванчук</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levanchuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Public Health Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России; ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University; North-West Public Health Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>619</fpage><lpage>624</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балтрукова Т.Б., Янушанец О.И., Иванова О.И., Фролова Н.М., Носков С.Н., Леванчук А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балтрукова Т.Б., Янушанец О.И., Иванова О.И., Фролова Н.М., Носков С.Н., Леванчук А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baltrukova T.B., Janushanets O.I., Ivanova O.I., Frolova N.M., Noskov S.N., Levanchuk A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/342">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/342</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Детские игровые площадки являются неотъемлемой частью инфраструктуры городских и сельских поселений, местом активного отдыха и развития детей. Анализ нормативной базы, регламентирующей расположение и экологическое состояние территории детских площадок, порядок их эксплуатации позволил установить отсутствие единого документа, осуществляющего контроль за их содержанием. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Санитарно-эпидемиологическое состояние детских площадок оценивалось по их расположению относительно жилой застройки и автомобильных дорог, степени озеленения, уровням загрязнения атмосферного воздуха и почвы, уровню гамма-излучения, удельной эффективной активности природных радионуклидов в песке песочниц. Микробиологическое загрязнение почвы и песка песочниц оценивалось по содержанию в них патогенных микроорганизмов и яиц гельминтов. Статистический анализ результатов исследований проводился с помощью программы Statistica 8. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что выбросы автотранспорта загрязняли атмосферный воздух детских площадок диоксидом азота, уровни которого в приземных слоях атмосферы превышали ПДК на разных площадках города в 3 и в 2 раза. Концентрации свинца в почве превышали ПДК в 5–10 раз на площадках в исторической части города и в 1,1–3,0 раза в современных районах, комплексный показатель загрязнения почвы Zc составлял 64–128 и 16–32 соответственно. По санитарно-бактериологическим показателям исследованные пробы почвы были отнесены к категории «чистая». Удельная эффективная активность естественных радионуклидов в пробах песка песочниц колебалась в пределах 46 ± 12–320 ± 35 Бк/кг. Частым явлением оказалось нарушение целостности оборудования площадок и акты вандализма. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты исследования убедительно доказывают необходимость создания единого нормативного документа, определяющего санитарно-эпидемиологические требования к структуре ответственной за выбор территории для детской площадки, её содержание, эксплуатацию оборудования, а также регламент контроля и надзора.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Children’s playgrounds are an integral part of the infrastructure of urban and rural settlements, a place of active recreation and development of children. Analysis of the regulatory framework governing the location and environmental condition of the territory of children’s playgrounds, the order of their operation allowed establishing the absence of a single document that permits to control their content.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Sanitary-and-epidemiologic condition of playgrounds were assessed according to their location relative to residential development and roads, the extent of landscaping, the levels of pollution of atmospheric air and soil, the level of gamma radiation, the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides in the sand of the sandbox. Microbiological contamination of soil and sand of sandboxes was estimated by the content of pathogenic microorganisms and worm eggs in them. A total of 82 sites were surveyed: 38 in the historical part of the city and 44 in the areas of the modern development of St. Petersburg. Statistical analysis of the research results was carried out using the program Statistica 8.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The emissions of vehicles polluted the air of playgrounds with nitrogen dioxide It was found to be by 3 times higher than the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in the Central part of the city and 2 times - in the areas of modern development. The concentrations of lead in the soil exceeded MPC by 5-10 times in the historical part of the city and by 1.1 - 3 MPC in the modern districts, the complex index of soil pollution with Zc accounted for 64-128 and 16-32, respectively. According to sanitary and bacteriological indices, the studied soil samples were classified as “clean”. The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in samples of sand sandboxes ranged from 46 ± 12 - 320 ± 35 Bq/kg There was common a violation of the integrity of the sites and acts of vandalism.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of the study convincingly prove the need to create a single regulatory document defining the structure responsible for the choice of the territory for children’s playground, its maintenance, operation of equipment, as well as the rules of control and supervision.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детские площадки</kwd><kwd>санитарно-гигиеническая оценка</kwd><kwd>загрязнение атмосферного воздуха</kwd><kwd>загрязнение почвы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>playgrounds</kwd><kwd>sanitary and hygienic assessment</kwd><kwd>air pollution</kwd><kwd>soil pollution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурдье П. Социология социального пространства. М.: Институт экспериментальной социологии; СПб.: Алетейя, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burd’e P. Sociologiya social’nogo prostranstva. 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