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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-9-987-992</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">fztgen</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3433</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF HYGIENIC AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Способ определения экологически безопасного остаточного содержания нефти и нефтепродуктов в почвах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A method for determining the environmentally safe residual content of oil and petroleum products in soils</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0402-3854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайворонский</surname><given-names>Владимир Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaivoronskiy</surname><given-names>Vladimir G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-5288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузина</surname><given-names>Анна Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzina</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. каф. экологии и природопользования, Академия биологии и биотехнологии им. Д.И. Ивановского, Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону.</p><p>e-mail: nyuta_1990@mail.ru</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, senior researcher of the Department of ecology and environmental management of the Academy of biology and biotechnology named after D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: nyuta_1990@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nyuta_1990@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5860-8420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>Сергей И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>Sergey I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-7137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минникова</surname><given-names>Татьяна В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minnikova</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1194-0770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неведомая</surname><given-names>Елена Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevedomaya</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-6212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казеев</surname><given-names>Камиль Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazeev</surname><given-names>Kamil Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Южный федеральный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>987</fpage><lpage>992</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гайворонский В.Г., Кузина А.А., Колесников С.И., Минникова Т.В., Неведомая Е.Н., Казеев К.Ш., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гайворонский В.Г., Кузина А.А., Колесников С.И., Минникова Т.В., Неведомая Е.Н., Казеев К.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaivoronskiy V.G., Kuzina A.A., Kolesnikov S.I., Minnikova T.V., Nevedomaya E.N., Kazeev K.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3433">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3433</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Черноморское побережье Кавказа — один из важнейших для России рекреационных и туристических регионов. В последние годы он подвергается резко возросшей антропогенной нагрузке в связи с ростом числа отдыхающих, сопровождающейся усилением транспортных потоков и, как следствие, ростом загрязнения окружающей среды, в том числе нефтяными углеводородами. Усиливаются риски утечки нефтепродуктов при транспортировках и перекачке. Для прогноза и предотвращения опасных последствий загрязнения необходимо определение экологически безопасного остаточного содержания нефти и нефтепродуктов в почве, основываясь на региональных эколого-геохимических особенностях почв.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено лабораторное моделирование загрязнения нефтью и нефтепродуктами (мазут, бензин, дизельное топливо (ДТ)) дерново-карбонатной типичной почвы. Для моделирования загрязнения в образцы почв добавляли нефть и нефтепродукты: мазут, бензин, ДТ в весовой концентрации 1% (небольшое загрязнение), 5% (среднее загрязнение) и 10% (высокий уровень загрязнения) от массы почвы. Срок экспозиции составил 30 сут. По истечении указанного периода определяли изменение биологических показателей дерново-карбонатной типичной почвы (активность ферментов, длина корней редиса, численность почвенных бактерий). На основе перечисленных параметров рассчитывали интегральный показатель биологического состояния дерново-карбонатной типичной почвы (ИПБС).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Загрязнение нефтью и нефтепродуктами негативно сказалось на биологических свойствах исследуемой почвы. Зафиксировано достоверное снижение ферментативной активности, численности бактерий, длины корней растений. Ряд токсичности исследуемых веществ на биологические показатели почв выглядит следующим образом: нефть &gt; мазут &gt; бензин &gt; ДТ. Проведённое исследование позволило определить уровень предельно допустимого остаточного содержания (ПДОС) нефти и нефтепродуктов (мазута, бензина, ДТ): ПДОСнефти равен 0,27%, ПДОСбензина — 0,4%, ПДОСмазута — 0,3%, ПДОСДТ — 0,45%.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Предложенные ПДОС нефти и нефтепродуктов (мазута, бензина, ДТ) в почвах применимы прежде всего на территории Черноморского побережья Кавказа.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенные ПДОС нефти и нефтепродуктов (мазута, бензина, ДТ) в почвах районе нефтеперерабатывающего предприятия могут быть использованы природоохранными, сельскохозяйственными и научными организациями.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Гайворонский В.Г. — сбор данных литературы, написание текста, редактирование;Кузина А.А. — написание текста, редактирование;Колесников С.И. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование;Минникова Т.В. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование;Неведомая Е.Н. — сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка данных;Казеев К.Ш. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке проекта Программы стратегического академического лидерства Южного федерального универ-ситета («Приоритет 2030») (№ СП-12-23-01), Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ в рамках государственного задания в сфере научной деятельности (№ FENW-2023-0008) и Президента Российской Федерации (МК-2688.2022.1.5 и МК-175.2022.5).</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 18.05.2023 / Принята к печати: 26.09.2023 / Опубликована: 30.10.2023</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The Black Sea Coast of the Caucasus is one of the most important recreational and tourist regions for Russia. In recent years, it has been subjected to a sharply increased anthropogenic load, due to an increase in the number of tourists, accompanied by an increase in traffic flows and, as a result, an increase in environmental pollution, including oil hydrocarbons. The risks of leakage of oil products during transportation and pumping are increasing. To predict and prevent dangerous consequences of pollution, it is necessary to determine the environmentally safe residual content of oil and oil products in the soil, based on the regional ecological and geochemical characteristics of soils.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Laboratory modelling of contamination with oil and petroleum products (fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel) of sod-carbonate typical soil was carried out. To simulate pollution, oil and petroleum products were added to soil samples including fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel in a weight concentration of 1% (low pollution), 5% (medium pollution) and 10% (high pollution) of the soil mass. The exposure period lasted 30 days. After the specified period, changes in biological parameters (enzyme activity, radish root length, number of soil bacteria) were determined. Based on the listed parameters, the integral indicator of the biological state IIBS of the soil was calculated .</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Oil and oil products pollution negatively affected the biological properties of the studied soil. A significant decrease in enzymatic activity, the number of bacteria, and the length of plant roots was recorded. The range of toxicity of the studied substances on biological indicators of soils is as follows: oil &gt; fuel oil &gt; gasoline &gt; diesel fuel. The study made it possible to determine the maximum level of residual content of oil and petroleum products (fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel) in the refinery. For oil, it is 0.27%, for gasoline — 0.40%, for fuel oil — 0.30%, for diesel fuel — 0.45%.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The proposed limit levels of residual oil and petroleum products (fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel) in soils are applicable primarily on the territory of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed limit levels of the residual content of oil and petroleum products (fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel) in the soils of the refinery area can be used by environmental, agricultural and scientific organizations.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require an opinion from a biomedical ethics committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Gaivoronskiy V.G. — literature data collection, text writing;Kuzina A.А. — text writing, editing;Kolesnikov S.I. — research concept and design, text writing, editing;Minnikova T.V. — collection of material and data processing, editing;Nevedomaya E.N. — collection of material and data processing, statistical data processing;Kazeev K.Sh. — collection of material and data processing, editing.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation no. FENW-2023-0008, the President of the Russian Federation (MK-2688.2022.1.5 and МК-175.2022.5).</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: May 18, 2023 / Accepted: September 26, 2023 / Published: October 30, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дерново-карбонатная типичная почва</kwd><kwd>загрязнение</kwd><kwd>мазут</kwd><kwd>бензин</kwd><kwd>дизельное топливо</kwd><kwd>нефть</kwd><kwd>устойчивость почв</kwd><kwd>предельно допустимый уровень остаточного содержания</kwd><kwd>Черноморское побережье Кавказа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sod-calcareous typical soil</kwd><kwd>pollution</kwd><kwd>oil</kwd><kwd>fuel oil</kwd><kwd>gasoline</kwd><kwd>diesel fuel</kwd><kwd>soil stability</kwd><kwd>limit level of residual content</kwd><kwd>Black Sea coast of the Caucasus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антонинова Н.Ю., Усманов А.И., Собенин А.В. 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