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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-10-1048-1055</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">mjqpja</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3479</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сезонные изменения показателей секреторного иммунитета в слюне коренных и пришлых жителей Арктической зоны Якутии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Seasonal changes in secretory immunity indices in saliva in indigenous and alien inhabitants of the Yakutia Arctic zone</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-3085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрипач</surname><given-names>Людмила Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khripach</surname><given-names>Ludmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела профилактической токсикологии и медико-биологических исследований Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России (ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России), г. Москва, РФ</p><p>e-mail: Lkhripach@cspmz.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., leading researcher of the Department of Preventive Toxicology and Biomedical Research, Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: LKhripach@cspmz.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lkhripach@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-5018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazeva</surname><given-names>Tatiana D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела профилактической токсикологии и медико-биологических исследований Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России (ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России), г. Москва, РФ</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-1755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маковецкая</surname><given-names>Анна Кирилловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makovetskaya</surname><given-names>Anna K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела профилактической токсикологии и медико-биологических исследований Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России (ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России), г. Москва, РФ</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-9686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загайнова</surname><given-names>Анжелика Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagaynova</surname><given-names>Anzhelika V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат мед. наук, руководитель лаборатории микробиологии и паразитологии Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России (ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России), г. Москва, РФ</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the FMBA</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1048</fpage><lpage>1055</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хрипач Л.В., Князева Т.Д., Маковецкая А.К., Загайнова А.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хрипач Л.В., Князева Т.Д., Маковецкая А.К., Загайнова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khripach L.V., Knyazeva T.D., Makovetskaya A.K., Zagaynova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3479">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3479</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сочетание экстремального климата с интенсивными миграционными процессами создаёт благоприятные условия для распространения в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации инфекционных болезней.</p><p>Цель исследования — сравнительный анализ показателей иммунитета в пробах слюны коренных и пришлых жителей Арктической зоны Якутии с учётом влияния сезонных факторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Пробы смешанной слюны коренных (n = 212) и пришлых (n = 120) жителей мужского пола из посёлков Чокурдах и Тикси отбирали четырьмя партиями, соответствующими сезонному переходу от лета до начала зимы. Содержание в слюне секреторного IgA (sIgA) и цитокинов ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-8 и ИЛ-6 определяли с помощью иммуноферментного анализа. Для обработки результатов использовали многофакторный дисперсионный анализ (Main Effects ANOVA).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Не найдено возрастных изменений изученных показателей. При переходе от лета к зиме наблюдалось снижение содержания sIgA, ИЛ-1β и ИЛ-8 в слюне обследованных лиц (р от 0,001 до 1,6 × 10–7). Скорость сезонных изменений у коренных и пришлых жителей не различалась. У жителей посёлка Чокурдах (200 км от моря) содержание в слюне ИЛ-6 было выше (F(1,139) = 9,202; p = 0,003), а содержание sIgA ниже (F(1,324) = 3,560; p = 0,060), чем у жителей прибрежного посёлка Тикси. Сравнение индексов массы тела обследованных лиц (медианы 24,3 в Чокурдахе и 26,2 в Тикси; р = 0,0005) подтверждает, что это может быть результатом различий в физической активности жителей из-за почти двукратного увеличения скорости ветра и количества дней с осадками в Тикси.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Выбранный период мониторинга, включавший только начало зимы, мог повлиять на отсутствие ожидаемых различий между коренными (эволюционно адаптированными) и пришлыми жителями.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Оценка показателей иммунитета в пробах слюны является простым и информативным подходом при изучении механизмов адаптации организма человека к экстремальным климатическим условиям.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Организация обследования населения и бланки информированного согласия на отбор биопроб согласованы с локальным этическим комитетом Медицинского института РУДН, протокол № 31 от 23.06.2021 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Хрипач Л.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, иммуноферментный анализ (ИЛ-1β), математическая обработка результатов, написание текста статьи;Князева Т.Д. — иммуноферментный анализ (ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8);Маковецкая А.К. — иммуноферментный анализ (sIgA);Загайнова А.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, организация банка биопроб.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование проведено в рамках выполнения Госзадания ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 30.06.2023 / Принята к печати: 26.09.2023 / Опубликована: 20.11.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The combination of extreme climate with intensive migration processes creates favourable conditions for the spread of infectious diseases in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study: comparative analysis of immunity indicators in saliva samples of indigenous and alien residents of Yakutia Arctic zone, taking into account the influence of seasonal factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Samples of mixed saliva of indigenous (n=212) and alien (n=120) male residents from Chokurdakh and Tiksi settlements were taken in 4 batches corresponding to the seasonal transition from summer to early winter. Levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) and cytokines IL-1ß, IL-8 and IL-6 in saliva were determined by ELISA. Main Effects ANOVA was used for the data analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. No significant age-related changes of the indicators were found. During the transition from summer to winter, there was a decrease in sIgA, IL-1ß, and IL-8 levels in saliva of the examined persons (p from 0.001 to 1.6×10–7). Rate of seasonal changes did not differ between indigenous and alien inhabitants. IL-6 level in saliva of Chokurdakh residents (200 km from the sea) was higher (F(1,139)=9,202; p=0.003) and sIgA level was lower (F(1,324)=3,560; p=0.060) than corresponding levels in residents of coastal settlement Tiksi. Comparison of the body mass indices (medians 24.3 in Chokurdakh and 26.2 in Tiksi, p=0.0005) confirms that it may be the result of inequality in physical activity of residents due to almost 2-fold increase in wind speed and precipitation in Tiksi.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. Monitoring period till the beginning of winter, and not later, could predetermine the absence of the expected differences between indigenous (evolutionarily adapted) and alien residents.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Evaluation of immunity indicators in saliva samples is a simple and informative approach to study mechanisms of human adaptation to extreme climatic conditions.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards: management of depersonalized population survey and the forms of informed consent for biosampling were agreed with the Local Ethics Committee), Protocol No. 31 of 23/06/2021.</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions:Khripach L.V. — research concept and design, enzyme immunoassay (IL-1β), statistical analysis, writing text;Zagainova A.V. — research concept and design, organization of biosample bank;Knyazeva T.D. — enzyme immunoassay (IL-6, IL-8);Makovetskaya A.K. — enzyme immunoassay (sIgA).All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: June 30, 2023 / Accepted: September 26, 2023 / Published: November 20, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктическая зона</kwd><kwd>коренные и пришлые жители</kwd><kwd>смешанная слюна</kwd><kwd>секреторный IgA</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>ИЛ-1β</kwd><kwd>ИЛ-6</kwd><kwd>ИЛ-8</kwd><kwd>сезонные изменения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>The Arctic</kwd><kwd>indigenous and alien inhabitants</kwd><kwd>mixed saliva</kwd><kwd>sIgA</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>IL-1β</kwd><kwd>IL-6</kwd><kwd>IL-8</kwd><kwd>seasonal changes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ковшов А.А., Новикова Ю.А., Федоров В.Н., Тихонова Н.А. 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