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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-10-1108-1111</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">npiccp</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3487</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модели количественной связи «структура – активность» при проведении предварительной токсикологической оценки химических веществ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Models of quantitative relationship “Structure – activity” in performing preliminary toxicological assessment of chemicals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-7981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент кафедры экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана, ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), 199911, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene of the Institute of Public Health named after F.F. Erisman, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, 199911, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-9990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Наталья Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolayeva</surname><given-names>Natalia I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана, ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), 199911, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-8410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филин</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filin</surname><given-names>Andrey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана, ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), 199911, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5772-2333</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рассказова</surname><given-names>Юлия Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rasskazova</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студентка 6 курса Института общественного здоровья им.Ф.Ф. Эрисмана, ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), 199911, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-7258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Онищенко</surname><given-names>Геннадий Григорьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Onishchenko</surname><given-names>Gennadiy G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий кафедры экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф.Эрисмана, ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), 199911, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1108</fpage><lpage>1111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусева Е.А., Николаева Н.И., Филин А.С., Рассказова Ю.В., Онищенко Г.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусева Е.А., Николаева Н.И., Филин А.С., Рассказова Ю.В., Онищенко Г.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guseva E.A., Nikolayeva N.I., Filin A.S., Rasskazova Y.V., Onishchenko G.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3487">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3487</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Тестирование множества химических соединений in vivo затруднено с этической точки зрения, длительно по времени, зависит от большого количества объектов животного происхождения и требует больших материальных затрат на проведение экспериментов, поэтому необходимы новые подходы к проведению токсикологических исследований.</p><p>Цель исследования — обосновать возможность применения моделей «структура – активность» в рамках предварительной оценки токсичности химических веществ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено три группы химических веществ — органотиофосфаты, триазолы и карбаматы. Расчёт дескрипторов на основе SMILES, построение и валидация моделей регрессии проводили с использованием инструментов библиотеки scikit-learn Version 1.2.2 в интерактивной облачной среде работы с программным кодом Google Colaboratory.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При сравнении ряда моделей для прогнозирования пероральной токсичности выявлено, что модель на основе деревьев принятия решений обладает лучшей прогностической способностью для органотиофосфатов и триазолов: 70,1 и 69,5% случаев изменения дескрипторов приводили к изменению значения конечной точки соответственно; модель для прогнозирования токсичности карбаматов на основе случайного леса объясняет 53,1% наблюдаемой дисперсии lg (1/DL50).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование ограничено областью распространения полученных математических моделей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Как показало исследование, построенные модели могут объяснить лишь какую-то часть изучаемого эффекта, поэтому модели на основе связи «структура – активность» следует использовать исключительно для предварительной оценки токсичности химических веществ, в качестве инструмента скрининга.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Гусева Е.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка, написание текста;Николаева Н.И. — написание текста, редактирование;Филин А.С. — редактирование;Рассказова Ю.В. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование;Онищенко Г.Г. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 30.06.2023 / Принята к печати: 26.09.2023 / Опубликована: 20.11.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In vivo testing of a huge number of chemical compounds is difficult from an ethical point of view, time-consuming, depends on a large number of objects of animal origin and requires large material costs for conducting experiments. Therefore, there is a need for new thinking to optimize the conduct of toxicological studies.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to substantiate the possibility of using structure-activity models in the framework of a preliminary assessment of chemicals toxicity.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included three groups of chemicals including organothiophosphates, triazoles, and carbamates. The calculation of descriptors based on SMILES, the construction and validation of regression models was carried out using the tools of the Scikit-learn Version 1.2.2 library in an interactive cloud environment working with the Google Colaboratory program code.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. When comparing a number of models for predicting oral toxicity, it was revealed that a model based on decision trees has the best predictive ability for organothiophosphates and triazoles: 70.1% and 69.5% of cases of descriptor changes led to a change in the endpoint value, respectively; a model for predicting carbamate toxicity based on a random forest explains 53.1% of the observed variance common log (1/DL50).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study is limited to the area of distribution of the obtained mathematical models.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. As the study showed, the constructed models can explain only some part of the studied effect, therefore, models based on the structure-activity relationship should be used exclusively for preliminary assessment of the toxicity of chemicals, as a screening tool.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of the conclusion of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Guseva E.A. — the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing a text;Nikolayeva N.I. — writing a text, editing;Filin A.S. — editing;Rasskazova Yu.V. — collection and processing of material, editing;Onishchenko G.G. — editing.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: June 30, 2023 / Accepted: September 26, 2023 / Published: November 20, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>математические модели</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>mathematical models</kwd><kwd>forecasting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саноцкий И.В., ред. Методы определения токсичности и опасности химических веществ. М.: Медицина; 1970.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanotskiy I.V., ed. Methods for Determining the Toxicity and Danger of Chemicals [Metody opredeleniya toksichnosti i opasnosti khimicheskikh veshchestv]. Moscow: Meditsina; 1970. 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