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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-11-1251-1254</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">gufozh</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3537</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF HYGIENIC AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обнаружение частиц микропластика в водной среде методом окрашивания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Detection of microplastics particles in the aquatic environment by staining</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4632-6060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлыстов</surname><given-names>Иван Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlystov</surname><given-names>Ivan A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр., зав. лаб. гигиены окружающей среды и экологии человека отдела комплексных проблем гигиены и профилактики заболеваний населения ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора</p><p>e-mail: hlistovia@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene and Human Ecology, Department of Complex Problems of Hygiene and Disease Prevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: hlistovia@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hlistovia@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-2001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бушуева</surname><given-names>Татьяна В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bushueva</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1159-6527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грибова</surname><given-names>Юлия В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gribova</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-0246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харькова</surname><given-names>Полина К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharkova</surname><given-names>Polina K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-2607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лабзова</surname><given-names>Алла К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Labzova</surname><given-names>Alla K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-0063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Елизавета П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>Elizaveta P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6562-2842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бугаева</surname><given-names>Александра В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bugayeva</surname><given-names>Alexandra V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2726-9259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахаутдинова</surname><given-names>Рената Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhautdinova</surname><given-names>Renata R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6475-7753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурвич</surname><given-names>Владимир Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurvich</surname><given-names>Vladimir B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский–научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1251</fpage><lpage>1254</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хлыстов И.А., Бушуева Т.В., Грибова Ю.В., Харькова П.К., Лабзова А.К., Карпова Е.П., Бугаева А.В., Сахаутдинова Р.Р., Гурвич В.Б., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хлыстов И.А., Бушуева Т.В., Грибова Ю.В., Харькова П.К., Лабзова А.К., Карпова Е.П., Бугаева А.В., Сахаутдинова Р.Р., Гурвич В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khlystov I.A., Bushueva T.V., Gribova Y.V., Kharkova P.K., Labzova A.K., Karpova E.P., Bugayeva A.V., Sakhautdinova R.R., Gurvich V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3537">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3537</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из распространённых контаминантов окружающей среды является микропластик, масштабы загрязнения и вред здоровью от которого стали оцениваться относительно недавно. Установлена биологическая активность микропластика в исследованиях in vivo и in vitro: он вызывает нарушения развития и функционирования пищеварительной, репродуктивной, центральной нервной, иммунной и кровеносной систем, приводит к дисплазии тканей и органов, обладает генотоксичностью, нейротоксичностью и цитотоксичностью. В связи с этим возникает необходимость мониторинга микропластика в воде со стороны надзорных органов и хозяйствующих субъектов. В России не существует утверждённой методики определения микропластика в воде.</p><p>Цель исследования — применение экспресс-метода качественного определения микропластика в воде поверхностных источников и воде централизованного хозяйственно-питьевого водоснабжения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обнаружение микропластика в воде поверхностных источников и перед подачей в сеть централизованного хозяйственно-питьевого водоснабжения (ЦХПВ) двух городов проводили методом окрашивания красителем нильский красный и последующей идентификацией частиц на фазово-контрастном микроскопе с флуоресцентным фильтром.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В воде поверхностных источников и ЦХПВ обнаружены частицы микропластика, установлены их форма и размеры.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Данный метод позволяет оценивать только качественные характеристики частиц микропластика без определения их химического состава; эффективность анализа зависит от разрешающей способности микроскопа.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. С помощью предложенного метода обнаружены частицы микропластика в воде источников на разных глубинах и перед подачей в сеть ЦХПВ. Частицы округлой и палочковидной формы выявлены в обоих типах вод, а частицы в виде удлинённых нитей — в воде источников.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Хлыстов И.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание и редактирование текста, сбор данных литературы;Бушуева Т.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование текста;Грибова Ю.В. — сбор материала и обработка данных;Харькова П.К. — сбор данных литературы;Лабзова А.К. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование текста;Карпова Е.П. — сбор материала и обработка данных;Бугаева А.В., Сахаутдинова Р.Р. — редактирование текста;Гурвич В.Б. — концепция и дизайн исследования.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 31.08.2023 / Принята к печати: 15.11.2023 / Опубликована: 08.12.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Microplastics are among the most common environmental contaminants worldwide, which levels of pollution and harm to health have begun to be assessed only recently. Biological activity of microplastics has been established in "in vivo" and "in vitro": studies: they were found to impair the development and functioning of the digestive, reproductive, central nervous, immune, and circulatory systems, induce tissue and organ dysplasia, be geno-, neuro-, and cytotoxic. The findings necessitate monitoring of microplastics in water by supervisory authorities and business entities. Yet, there is no official method for determining microplastics in the aqueous environment in the Russian Federation.</p><p>Our objective was to apply an express method for the qualitative determination of microplastics in surface waters and treated water before supply.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We analyzed water samples taken from two regional reservoirs and at water treatment plants before supply to the centralized system in two industrial cities of the Sverdlovsk Region by Nile red staining and subsequent identification of microplastics using a phase-contrast fluorescence microscope.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We found microplastics in both surface and treated water samples, and established their shape and size.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. This method evaluates only qualitative characteristics of microplastics without establishing their chemical composition; the resolution of a microscope determines analytical accuracy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The applied method has enabled us to find microplastics in surface waters sampled at different depths and in the treated water before supply. Round and rod-shaped particles were observed in both types of water while those in the form of elongated filaments were detected only in surface water samples.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. This study does not require the conclusion of a biomedical ethics committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Khlystov I.A. — study conception and design, draft manuscript preparation and editing, collection of literature data;Bushueva T.V. — study conception and design, editing;Gribova Yu.V., Karpova E.P. — data collection and processing;Kharkova P.K. — collection of literature data;Labzova A.K. — data collection and processing, editing;Bugayeva A.V., Sakhautdinova R.R. — editing;Gurvich V.B. — study conception and design.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: August 31, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 8, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микропластик</kwd><kwd>идентификация опасности</kwd><kwd>методы исследования</kwd><kwd>вода поверхностных источников и ЦХПВ</kwd><kwd>загрязнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microplastics</kwd><kwd>hazard identification</kwd><kwd>testing methods</kwd><kwd>surface water</kwd><kwd>centralized water supply system</kwd><kwd>pollution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al Harraq A., Bharti B. Microplastics through the lens of colloid science. ACS Environ. Au. 2021; 2(1): 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenvironau.1c00016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al Harraq A., Bharti B. 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