medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1309-1314oxepdrmedlit-3609Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHРоль физического перенапряжения и гиподинамии в развитии боли в нижней части спиныThe role of physical overstrain and hypodynamia in the development of the low back painhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-1761ШироковВасилий АфонасьевичShirokovVasily A.

Д-р мед. наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник НПО «Клиника неврологии», ФБУН Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий; научный руководитель, ФБУН Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана; 141014, г. Мытищи, ул. Семашко, д. 2

e-mail: vashirokov@gmail.com

vashirokov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7527-8099ТереховНикита ЛеонидовичTerekhovNikita L.

Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. НПО «Клиника неврологии» ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург

e-mail: terehovnl47@gmail.com

 

MD, PhD, senior researcher of the “Clinic of Neurology of the Yekaterinburg Medical-Scientific Center for Prevention and Health Care for Plants Employees, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

e-mail: terehovnl47@gmail.com

terehovnl@ymrc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4457-7093ПотатуркоАлексей ВладимировичPotaturkoAleksey V.

Д-р мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник НПО «Клиника неврологии», ФБУН Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий, 620014, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Попова, д. 30

e-mail: potaturko@ymrc.ru

potaturko@ymrc.ruФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий»; ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаРоссияYekaterinburg Medical-the Scientific Center for Prevention and Health Care for Plants Employees; Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man WellbeingRussian FederationФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий»РоссияYekaterinburg Medical-the Scientific Center for Prevention and Health Care for Plants EmployeesRussian Federation2023311220231021213091314Copyright © Широков В.А., Терехов Н.Л., Потатурко А.В., 20232023Широков В.А., Терехов Н.Л., Потатурко А.В.Shirokov V.A., Terekhov N.L., Potaturko A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3609Введение

Введение. Боли в нижней части спины (БНЧС) имеют широкую распространённость среди населения трудоспособного возраста и являются частой причиной временной нетрудоспособности. Идентификация факторов рисков болей в спине необходима для решения экспертных вопросов и разработки мероприятий по профилактике заболеваемости.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Изучены распространённость и отношение шансов (OR) развития БНЧС у 2915 работающих с различными показателями тяжести трудового процесса и уровнями физической активности (ФА).

Результаты

Результаты. По данным специальной оценки условий труда, вредный (3-й) класс тяжести трудового процесса в сравнении с 1-м и 2-м классами (оптимальный и допустимый) увеличивал распространённость БНЧС с 31,6 до 37,1% с OR = 1,27 при 95% CI (1,03–1,43), р < 0,05. При сравнении классов по отдельности и в сравнении с 1-м классом достоверных различий получено не было. По данным Международного опросника физической активности, распространённость БНЧС при интенсивной ФА 29,3% с OR = 1,5 при 95% CI (1,6–2,11), при низкой ФА 37,2% с OR = 2,15 при 95% CI (1,07–4,3). Наименьшая распространённость БНЧС выявлена при умеренном уровне ФА в течение всего дня (21,6%).

Ограничение исследования

Ограничение исследования. Настоящее исследование имеет ограничение, связанное с несопоставимостью данных карт специальной оценки условий труда и Международного опросника физической активности.

Заключение

Заключение. Получены данные об отсутствии достоверных различий в распространённости и отношении шансов развития БНЧС между работающими по классам тяжести трудового процесса. Интенсивный и низкий уровни ФА оказывают сопоставимое влияние на развитие боли в нижней части спины. Работники с умеренным уровнем ФА имеют достоверно низкую распространённость БНЧС.

Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, выполнено в соответствии с Европейской конвенцией о проведении клинических исследований (протокол № 1 от 18.06.2018 г.).

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Широков В.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка, написание текста;Терехов Н.Л. — сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста;Потатурко А.В. — сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 30.10.2023 / Принята к печати: 15.11.2023 / Опубликована: 28.12.2023

Introduction

Introduction. The pain in the lower back (BCC) has a wide distribution among the working people’s age and is a frequent cause of temporary disability. The identification of risk factors for the back pain is necessary to address expert issues and developing measures for prevention of incidence.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. There were studied prevalence odds ratio (OR) for the development of the low back pain (LBP) in two thousand nine hundred fifteen working patients with different indicators of hardness of the labour process and levels of physical activity (PA).

Results

Results. According to the special assessment of the working conditions, the harmful (3rd) class of hardness of the labour process in comparison with the 1st and 2nd classes (optimal and permissible) increased the LBP prevalence from 31.6 to 37.1% with OR = 1.27 at 95% Ci (1.03–1.43), p < 0.05. No reliable differences were obtained under comparing classes separately with the 1st class. According to the International questionnaire of physical activity, the LBP prevalence under an intensive PA is 29.3% with OR = 1.5 at 95% CI (1.6–2.11), at a low PA — 37.2% with OR = 2.15 at 95% Ci (1.07–4.3). The smallest LBP prevalence was revealed in a moderate PA mode throughout the day (21.6%).

Limitations

Limitations. The present study has a limitation associated with the inconsistency of cards for special assessment of working conditions and the International questionnaire cards.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Data were obtained about the absence of reliable differences in the distribution and odds ratio for the development of LBP between workers by classes of hardness of the labour process. Workers with moderate and low PA have reliably low LBP prevalence.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study is approved by the local ethical committee of Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation, was carried out in accordance with the European Convention on Clinical Research (Protocol No. 1 of June 18, 2018).

Contribution

Contribution:Shirokov V.A. — concept and design of research, material collection and data processing, statistical processing, writing text;Terekhov N.L. — collection of material and data processing, writing text;Potaturko A.V. — collecting material and data processing, writing text.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: October 30, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.