medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-1-51-57jqbajbmedlit-3688Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHПсихосоциальные риски рабочей среды и метаболический синдром (обзор литературы)Psychosocial risks of the work environment and metabolic syndrome (literature review)https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6254-3506БезруковаГалина АлександровнаBezrukovaGalina A.

Гл. науч. сотр. отд. медицины труда, доктор мед. наук, доцент, Саратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 410022, Саратов, Россия

e-mail: bezrukovagala@yandex.ru

MD, PhD, DSci., chief researcher of the Department of occupational medicine, Doctor of Medicine, Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Saratov, 410022, Russian Federation

e-mail: bezrukovagala@yandex.ru

bezrukovagala@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-0559НовиковаТамара АнатольевнаNovikovaTamara A.

Зав. лаб. гигиены труда, канд. биол. наук, доцент, Саратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 410022, Саратов, Россия

e-mail: novikovata-saratov@yandex.ru

MD, PhD, head of the Laboratory of occupational health, associate professor, Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Saratov, 410022, Russian Federation

e-mail: novikovata-saratov@yandex.ru

novikovata-saratov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-7918МикеровАнатолий НиколаевичMikerovAnatoly N.

Доктор биол. наук, руководитель Саратовского медицинского научного центра гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 410022, Саратов, Россия

e-mail: a_mikerov@mail.ru

MD, PhD, DSci., head of the Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Saratov, 410022, Russian Federation

e-mail: a_mikerov@mail.ru

noemail@neicon.ruСаратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения»РоссияSaratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management TechnologiesRussian FederationСаратовский медицинский научный центр гигиены ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения»; ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И. Разумовского» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияSaratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies; Saratov State Medical University n. a. V.I. RazumovskyRussian Federation20241202202410315157Copyright © Безрукова Г.А., Новикова Т.А., Микеров А.Н., 20242024Безрукова Г.А., Новикова Т.А., Микеров А.Н.Bezrukova G.A., Novikova T.A., Mikerov A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3688Введение

Введение. Наряду с физическими, химическими, эргономическими и биологическими факторами рабочий психосоциальный стресс является одним из основных рисков развития метаболического синдрома (МС), системные эффекты которого могут вызывать тяжёлые поражения сердечно-сосудистой, эндокринной и гепатобилиарной систем организма.

Цель работы — обобщение и анализ современного отечественного и зарубежного опыта изучения связи категорий и факторов психосоциальных рисков рабочей среды с метаболическим синдромом и его компонентами в разных профессиональных когортах.

Поиск публикаций проводили по базам данных РИНЦ, КиберЛенинка, eLibrary и PubMed, содержащих российские и зарубежные источники научной информации за 2006-2023 гг.

В статье кратко освещена таксономия категорий и факторов психосоциальных опасностей и рисков на рабочем месте, а также наиболее востребованные опросники для количественной оценки психосоциального стресса, основанные на модели «требования – контроль» (JDC), оценивающей рабочую нагрузку в градациях «высокая», «активная», «пассивная», «низкая», и модели дисбаланса усилий и вознаграждения (ERI). Рассмотрена теснота связи рабочей нагрузки JDC и ERI с метаболическим синдромом, ожирением, атерогенностью липидного профиля крови и гипергликемией у мужчин и женщин разных профессиональных когорт с высоким и низким социально-экономическим статусом.

Заключение

Заключение. Проведённый анализ научных публикаций убедительно показал, что независимо от вмешивающихся факторов (возраст, пол, социально-экономическое положение, образ жизни, вредные привычки) рабочий психосоциальный стресс имеет причинно-следственную связь с метаболическим синдромом. При этом статистическая значимость стресс-реализующих эффектов в отношении компонентов МС определяется использованной моделью оценки психосоциальных рисков и комплементарна когнитивной оценке воспринимаемого стресса, что необходимо учитывать при планировании и проведении исследований.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Безрукова Г.А. — концепция исследования, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, составление списка литературы, редактирование;Новикова Т.А. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, составление списка литературы;Микеров А.Н. — редактирование текста.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 01.12.2023 / Принята к печати: 28.12.2023 / Опубликована: 31.01.2024

 

 

Introduction

Introduction. Along with physical, chemical, ergonomic, and biological factors, working psychosocial stress is one of the main risks for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS), system effects of which can cause severe lesions of cardiovascular, endocrine, and hepatobiliary systems.

The purpose of the work was to summarize and analyze modern domestic and foreign experience of studying the relationship between categories and factors of psychosocial risks of the working environment and MS and its components in different occupational cohorts.

The publications were searched through the RSCI, CyberLeninka, eLibrary, and PubMed databases containing Russian and foreign sources of scientific information for 2006–2023.

The article briefly highlights the taxonomy of categories and factors of psychosocial hazards and risks in the workplace, as well as the most popular questionnaires for quantitative assessment of psychosocial stress, based on the requirement/control model (JDC) assessing workload in gradations of high, active, passive, low, and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model. The close association of JDC and ERI with metabolic syndrome, obesity, blood lipid profile atherogenicity, and hyperglycemia in men and women of different occupational cohorts with high and low socioeconomic status was examined.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The analysis of scientific publications has convincingly shown working psychosocial stress to have a causal relationship with MS that regardless of intervening factors (age, gender, socio-economic status, lifestyle, bad habits). At the same time, the statistical significance of stress-realizing effects in relation to MS components is determined by the used model for assessing psychosocial risks and is complementary to the cognitive assessment of perceived stress, which must be taken into account when planning and conducting research.

Contribution of the authors:Bezrukova G.A. — research concept, collection and processing of material, writing the text, compilation of the list of literature, editing;Novikova T.A. — collection and processing of material, writing the text, compilation of the list of literature;Mikerov A.N. — text editing.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: December 1, 2023 / Accepted: December 28, 2023 / Published: January 31, 2024

рабочий психосоциальный стресспсихосоциальные риски и опасностипсихосоциальные факторы и категориимодель «требования – контроль»модель «усилия – вознаграждение»метаболический синдромартериальное давлениевисцеральное ожирениеиндекс массы телалипидный профильобщий холестеринхолестерин липопротеидов низкой плотностихолестерин липопротеидов высокой плотноститриглицеридыартериальная гипертензияболезни системы кровообращениясахарный диабет 2-го типаобзорworking psychosocial stresspsychosocial risks and hazardspsychosocial factors and categoriesrequirement-control modeleffort-reward modelmetabolic syndromeblood pressurevisceral obesitybody mass indexlipid profiletotal cholesterollow density lipoprotein cholesterolhigh density lipoprotein cholesteroltriglyceridesarterial hypertensioncirculatory diseasediabetes type 2reviewReferencesLemieux I., Després J.P. Metabolic syndrome: past, present and future. Nutrients. 2020; 12(11): 3501. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113501Lemieux I., Després J.P. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.