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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-165-171</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">uapwut</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-3781</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейротоксические эффекты сочетанного действия хлорида кадмия и физической нагрузки и протекторное действие биопрофилактических средств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neurotoxic effects of cadmium chloride exposure combined with physical activity and protective effect of bioprophylactic agents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-0479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябова</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabova</surname><given-names>Yuliya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр., зав. лаб. научных основ биопрофилактики, ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ryabova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, head of the Laboratory of scientific foundations of bioprevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ryabova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryabova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-0008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабардина</surname><given-names>Лада Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabardina</surname><given-names>Lada V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборант отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: lada.shabardina@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory assistant of the Department of toxicology and bioprevention Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: lada.shabardina@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lada.shabardina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4260-4626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кескевич</surname><given-names>Александр Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Keskevich</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач физической и реабилитационной медицины ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: keskevichaa@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of physical and rehabilitation medicine Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: keskevichaa@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">keskevichaa@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>Ильзира Амировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>Ilzira A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики, ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., head of the Dept. of toxicology and bioprevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilzira@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>Марина Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>Marina P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, директор ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., Director of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sutunkova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-9712</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутакова</surname><given-names>Инна Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butakova</surname><given-names>Inna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. НПО Клиники терапии и диагностики профессиональных заболеваний ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: butakovaiv@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher of the Clinics for the Therapy and Diagnostics of Occupational Diseases of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: butakovaiv@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">butakovaiv@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-0175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батенева</surname><given-names>Влада Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bateneva</surname><given-names>Vlada A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборант отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: bateneva@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory assistant of the Department of toxicology and bioprevention of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: bateneva@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bateneva@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1442-6737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Привалова</surname><given-names>Лариса Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Privalova</surname><given-names>Larisa I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотр. отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики, ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: privalovali@yahoo.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., Sciences, Professor, chief researcher of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: privalovali@yahoo.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">privalovali@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский–научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; ФГАОУ ВО «Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский–научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский–научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>171</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рябова Ю.В., Шабардина Л.В., Кескевич А.А., Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Бутакова И.В., Батенева В.А., Привалова Л.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рябова Ю.В., Шабардина Л.В., Кескевич А.А., Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Бутакова И.В., Батенева В.А., Привалова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryabova Y.V., Shabardina L.V., Keskevich A.A., Minigalieva I.A., Sutunkova M.P., Butakova I.V., Bateneva V.A., Privalova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3781">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/3781</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Химические соединения, обладающие нейротропным эффектом, широко распространены в промышленности, что делает проблему токсических поражений нервной системы актуальной для медицины труда. Поскольку профессиональная деятельность работников промышленных предприятий зачастую ассоциирована с сочетанным влиянием на организм химических факторов и различных факторов трудового процесса, следует рассматривать их комплексное негативное воздействие на организм.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучение влияния сочетанного действия физической нагрузки и хлорида кадмия на некоторые интегральные показатели нейротоксического действия в субхроническом эксперименте на крысах, а также оценка эффективности биопрофилактического комплекса.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В течение шести недель белые беспородные крысы-самцы получали внутрибрюшинно хлорид кадмия в разовой дозе 0,77 мг/кг массы тела три раза в неделю на фоне вынужденной физической нагрузки пять раз в неделю (бег) по 10 мин со скоростью 25 м/мин. Половина животных в течение всего периода экспозиции получала специально разработанную добавку к пище с кормом и питьём — биопрофилактический комплекс, состоящий из энтеросорбента пектина, глутамата натрия, комбинации витаминов и микроэлементов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Состояние нервной системы при воздействии кадмия на фоне физической нагрузки характеризовалось формированием депрессивного, тревожного состояния, снижением исследовательской активности наряду с нарушением пространственной памяти. Под воздействием разработанного биопрофилактического комплекса выявлено снижение токсического действия кадмия и тяжёлой физической нагрузки, показано улучшение состояния организма.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование было ограничено изучением показателей поведенческой активности крыс-самцов в экспериментальном исследовании при субхроническом воздействии с использованием только одной дозы кадмия.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Кадмий в сочетании с физической нагрузкой при субхроническом воздействии способен вызывать некоторые нейротоксические эффекты. При применении специально разработанного комплекса биопротекторов эти эффекты либо ослабевают, либо нивелируются (в зависимости от показателя). Подобные меры могут применяться для снижения рисков неблагоприятных последствий для здоровья, вызванных изученными факторами.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование выполнено в соответствии с этическими нормами обращения с животными (приняты Европейской конвенцией по защите позвоночных животных, используемых для исследовательских и иных научных целей). Протокол исследования одобрен Локальным независимым этическим комитетом ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора (протокол № 4 от 30.09.2022 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Рябова Ю.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста;Шабардина Л.В. — сбор и обработка данных, написание текста;Кескевич А.А. — сбор и обработка данных, написание текста;Минигалиева И.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста;Сутункова М.П. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Бутакова И.В. — сбор и обработка данных;Батенева В.А. — сбор и обработка данных;Привалова Л.И. v концепция и дизайн исследования, научное редактирование текста.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 05.02.2024 / Принята к печати: 09.02.2024 / Опубликована: 15.03.2024</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Chemical compounds possessing of a neurotropic effect are extremely widespread in industry, which makes the problem of neurotoxicity relevant for occupational medicine. Since industrial workers are often exposed to a combination of both physical and chemical work-related risk factors, a complex adverse health effect of the latter should be considered.</p><p>Our objective was to study neurotoxic effects of exposure to cadmium chloride combined with physical activity in a subchronic experiment on rats and assess the efficacy of a biological prophylactic complex.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. For six weeks, 0.77 mg/kg b.w. of cadmium chloride was intraperineally instilled to outbred male albino rats thrice a week. Five times a week, the rodents were forced to run for 10 minutes at a speed of 25 m/min. During the entire exposure period, half of the animals received a specially developed bioprophylactic complex consisting of pectin, monosodium glutamate, and a multivitamin/multimineral supplement with feed and drink.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In combination with physical activity, cadmium exposure caused depression, anxiety, low exploratory behaviour, and spatial memory disturbances. The developed bioprophylactic complex helped mitigate toxic effects of cadmium aggravated with intense physical activity and improve the general condition of the rodents.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The experiment was limited to examining the behaviour of male rats following subchronic exposure to a single dose of cadmium.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Subchronic exposure to cadmium combined with physical activity can induce certain neurotoxic effects. Administration of the specially developed complex of biological protectors has shown to attenuate or minimize these effects. Similar measures can be taken to diminish risks of adverse health consequences of the factors studied.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was carried out in accordance with ethical principles for the treatment of animals adopted by the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experiments and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS 123). The study protocol was approved by the Local Independent Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No. 4 of September 30, 2022).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Ryabova Yu.V. — study conception and design, draft manuscript preparation;Shabardina L.V. — data collection and analysis, draft manuscript preparation;Keskevich A.A. — data collection and analysis, draft manuscript preparation;Minigalieva I.A. — study conception and design, draft manuscript preparation;Sutunkova M.P. — study conception and design;Butakova I.V. — data collection and analysis;Bateneva V.A. — data collection and analysis;Privalova L.I. — study conception and design, scientific editing.All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.</p><p>All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 5, 2024 / Accepted: February 9, 2024 / Published: March 15, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биопрофилактика</kwd><kwd>кадмиевая интоксикация</kwd><kwd>мышечные нагрузки</kwd><kwd>сочетанное действие</kwd><kwd>субхронический эксперимент</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioprophylaxis</kwd><kwd>cadmium poisoning</kwd><kwd>muscle load</kwd><kwd>combined effect</kwd><kwd>subchronic experiment</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genchi G., Sinicropi M.S., Lauria G., Carocci A., Catalano A. The effects of cadmium toxicity. Int. J. Environ. Res. 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