medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2019-98-8-857-862medlit-385Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВHYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTSРежимы пользования мобильным телефоном и здоровье детей школьного возрастаModes of use of the cell phone and health of schoolchildrenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-1855ВятлеваОльга АлексеевнаVyatlevaOlga A.

Кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории комплексных проблем гигиены детей и подростков НИИ гигиены и охраны здоровья детей и подростков ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России, 119991, Москва.

e-mail: olgavyat@mail.ru

MD, Ph.D., DSci., leading researcher of the Laboratory of complex problems of hygiene of children and adolescents of the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health of Children and Adolescents of the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.

e-mail: olgavyat@mail.ru

olgavyat@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-586XКурганскийА. М.KurganskyA. M.noemail@neicon.ruНИИ гигиены и охраны здоровья детей и подростков Федерального государственного автономного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииNational Medical Research Center of Children’s Health201914102020988857862Copyright © Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М., 20202020Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М.Vyatleva O.A., Kurgansky A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/385Введение

Введение. Широкое распространение мобильных телефонов (МТ) среди современных школьников при отсутствии возрастных нормативов их безопасного использования определило цель исследования: выявить режимы пользования МТ, критичные для здоровья детей и подростков.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. В одномоментном исследовании с помощью анкетирования 2137 школьников 6–15 лет (2008–2010 гг. обучения) оценили влияние параметров пользования МТ [ежедневное количество разговоров (КР), длительность разговора (ДР), общая ежедневная длительность разговоров (ОДР)] на показатели здоровья (частота головных болей и нарушений сна, количество простудных заболеваний в год). Использовали статистические критерии Стьюдента и Манна–Уитни; оценку относительных рисков.

Результаты

Результаты. Выявлены возрастные критичные значения параметров пользования МТ (в 6–10 лет КР = 2, ОДР = 6 мин; в 11–13 лет КР = 6; в 14–15 лет КР = 6, ДР = 3 мин, ОДР = 4–10 мин), при превышении которых возрастают риски: в 6–10 лет – частых (более 4 в год) простудных заболеваний (OR 2,25; 95% CI 1,09–4,62); в 11–13 лет – повышения частоты головных болей до нескольких в неделю (OR 1,61; 95% CI 1,12–2,3);  в 14–15 лет – повышения частоты головных болей (OR 1,79; 95% CI 1,27–2,54) и нарушений сна (OR 1,66; 95% CI 1,17–2,37) до нескольких в неделю.

Заключение

Заключение. Определены критичные для здоровья возрастные режимы использования МТ. Показана необходимость в разработке более точных возрастных критериев безопасного пользования МТ с учётом более широкого спектра индикаторов здоровья и интенсивности излучения.

Introduction

Introduction. The broad spread of cell phones (CP) among schoolchildren and the absence of age standards for their safe use determined the purpose of the study: to reveal the regimens of CP use, critical for the health of children and adolescents.

Material and methods

Material and methods. In a cross-sectional study in 2008-2010, by the questionnaire data of 2,137 schoolchildren aged 6-15 years there was assessed the impact of CP usage indices (daily number of calls - CN, call duration - CD, and total daily duration of calls - TCDD) on health (the incidence of headaches and sleep disorders, number of colds). Student and Mann-Whitney criteria and assessment of relative risks were used.

Results

Results. The study revealed age-dependent critical values of usage indices (in 6-10 years: CN=2, TCDD=6 minutes.; in 11-13 years: CN=6; in 14-15 years CN=6, CD=3 minutes., TCDD=4 -10 min.), the exceeding of which due to risks: in 6-10 years - to have more than 4 colds a year (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.09-4.62); in 11-13 years to have several headaches per week (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12-2.30); in 14-15 years - to have several headaches (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.27-2.54) and several sleep disorders (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.17-2.37) per week.

Discussion

Discussion. Age differences in critical modes of CP use and in health violations, as well as the importance of radiation intensity are discussed.

Conclusions

Conclusions. Age-related CP use regimens, critical for health, were established. It was shown the need to develop more precise age criteria for safe CP use with taking into account a wider range of health indicators and radiation intensity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.