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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2019-98-9-997-1003</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-407</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОЦЕНКА РИСКОВ ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка риска здоровью детей, обусловленного химическим составом питьевой воды источников нецентрализованного водоснабжения Екатеринбурга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk assessment of children’s health due to the chemical composition of drinking water sources of the non-centralized water supply of the city of Ekaterinburg</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-0651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коньшина</surname><given-names>Лидия Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konshina</surname><given-names>Lidia G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник ФГБУН «Институт промышленной экологии» УрО РАН, 620219, Екатеринбург.</p><p>e-mail: lida@ecko.uran.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., senior researcher of the Institute of Industrial Ecology, Ural Branch of RAS, Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: lida@ecko.uran.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lida@ecko.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт промышленной экологии» Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Industrial Ecology of Urals Department of Russian Academy of Science</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>997</fpage><lpage>1003</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коньшина Л.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коньшина Л.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konshina L.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/407">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/407</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В последние годы методология оценки риска стала ведущим инструментом оценки здоровья различных групп населения, позволяющим выявлять приоритетные негативные факторы среды обитания.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследованы 212 скважин, в том числе 150 в коллективных садах и 62 в коттеджных посёлках. Изучен приоритетный пероральный путь поступления химических веществ в организм.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Основной неканцерогенный риск в источниках нецентрализованного водоснабжения на территории МО г. Екатеринбург создают нитраты и соединения мышьяка. Уровни неканцерогенных рисков при использовании воды из скважин в коттеджных посёлках существенно ниже неканцерогенных рисков в садоводческих товариществах. Допустимый уровень неканцерогенного риска для детей до 6 лет имеют 17,4% водоисточников в коллективных садах и 25% скважин в коттеджных посёлках; для взрослых 60,8 и 93,8% соответственно. Обнаруженные концентрации нитратов в отдельных скважинах садоводческих товариществ могут создавать высокий неканцерогенный риск. Суммарный индивидуальный пожизненный канцерогенный риск как в воде коллективных садов, так и в воде скважин коттеджных посёлков колеблется от 10–5 до 10–4 и, следовательно, находится на низком уровне, наибольший вклад вносят соединения мышьяка.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. В отличие от проведённой ранее традиционной оценки качества питьевой воды, когда основными веществами, по которым было обнаружено несоответствие гигиеническим нормативам, были марганец, нитраты, железо и кремний, при оценке опасности воды с использованием методологии оценки риска на первые места выходят нитраты и мышьяк при значительно меньшей роли марганца. Расчёт канцерогенных рисков с использованием возрастных поправочных коэффициентов (ADAF) привёл к увеличению значений риска, вычисленного по традиционной методике, почти в 2 раза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Уровни неканцерогенных рисков при использовании воды из скважин в коттеджных посёлках существенно ниже неканцерогенных рисков в садоводческих товариществах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In recent years, the risk assessment methodology has become the leading tool for assessing the health of various groups of the population, allowing identifying priority negative environmental factors. </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. There were explored 212 wells, including 150 in collective gardens and 62 in cottage settlements. The priority oral route of chemical intake into the body was studied. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Nitrates and arsenic compounds create the main non-carcinogenic risk in the sources of non-centralized water supply in the territory of the Municipal Settlement of the city of ekaterinburg. When using water from wells in cottage settlements levels of non-carcinogenic risks are significantly lower than non-carcinogenic risks in horticultural partnerships. Acceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk for children under 6 years are related with 17.4% of water sources in collective gardens and 25% of wells in cottage settlements; for adults - 60.8% and 93.8% respectively. The detected nitrate concentrations in individual wells of horticultural associations can create a high non-carcinogenic risk. The total individual lifetime carcinogenic risk, both in the water of collective gardens and in the water wells of cottage settlements ranges from 10–5 to 10–4 and, therefore, is at a low level, the greatest contribution is made by arsenic compounds. </p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. In contrast to the earlier traditional assessment of drinking water quality, when the main substances for which the discrepancy was found to hygienic standards were manganese, nitrates, iron and silicon, in the assessment of water danger using the methodology of risk assessment, nitrates and arsenic come to the first place, with a much smaller role of manganese. The calculation of carcinogenic risks using age correction factors (ADAF) has increased the risk values calculated by the traditional method by almost 2 times. Summary Levels of non-carcinogenic risks when using water from wells in cottage settlements are significantly lower than non-carcinogenic risks in horticultural partnerships.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>источники нецентрализованного питьевого водоснабжения</kwd><kwd>неканцерогенный</kwd><kwd>канцерогенный риск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>sources of non-centralized drinking water supply</kwd><kwd>non-carcinogenic</kwd><kwd>carcinogenic risk</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борзунова Е.А., Кузьмин С.В., Акрамов Р.Л., Киямова Е.Л. Оценка влияния качества питьевой воды на здоровье населения. Гигиена и санитария. 2007; 3: 32-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borzunova E.A., Kuz’min S.V., Akramov R.L., Kiyamova E.L. 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