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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-12-1528-1531</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">shcbez</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4504</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль химических средств защиты растений в обеспечении мировой продовольственной безопасности (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of chemical plant protection products in worldwide food security (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-1633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масальцев</surname><given-names>Глеб Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masaltsev</surname><given-names>Gleb V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, зав. отд. токсикологии Института гигиены, токсикологии пестицидов и химической безопасности ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: masalcev.gv@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Head of the Toxicology Department, Institute of Hygiene, Pesticide Toxicology and Chemical Safety of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: masalcev.gv@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">masalcev.gv@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0444-1095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вещемова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veshchemova</surname><given-names>Tatiana E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд. гигиены труда Института гигиены, токсикологии пестицидов и химической безопасности ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: veshchemova.te@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior researcher, Occupational Health Department, Institute of Hygiene, Pesticide Toxicology and Chemical Safety of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: veshchemova.te@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">veshchemova.te@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитский</surname><given-names>Валерий Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskii</surname><given-names>Valerii N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель Института гигиены, токсикологии пестицидов и химической безопасности ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: rakitskii.vn@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Academician of the RAS, Professor, Scientific Director of the Institute of Hygiene, Pesticide Toxicology and Chemical Safety of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: rakitskii.vn@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rakitskii.vn@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0209-9732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuz’min</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, директор ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: fncg@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Director of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: fncg@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncg@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1528</fpage><lpage>1531</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Масальцев Г.В., Вещемова Т.Е., Ракитский В.Н., Кузьмин С.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Масальцев Г.В., Вещемова Т.Е., Ракитский В.Н., Кузьмин С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Masaltsev G.V., Veshchemova T.E., Rakitskii V.N., Kuz’min S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4504">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4504</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрен вклад применения пестицидов в обеспечение продовольственной безопасности с 1960-х годов XX века и в перспективе до 2100 г., когда популяция Земли, по прогнозам Организации Объединённых Наций, достигнет устойчивого значения в 10,2 млрд человек. Приведены международные оценки эффективности применения пестицидов для сохранения урожая и экономической целесообразности их использования, а также обсуждены побочные эффекты применения пестицидов, такие как развитие резистентности и нецелевой снос. Дано краткое описание разработанной в Советском Союзе системы обоснования гигиенических нормативов максимально допустимых уровней содержания остаточных количеств пестицидов в пищевой продукции растительного происхождения согласно принципу комплексного гигиенического нормирования. Суть принципа заключается в том, что возможное поступление препарата в организм человека с пищевыми продуктами, водой и атмосферным воздухом не должно превышать величины допустимой суточной дозы для человека со средними росто-весовыми характеристиками. Данный подход, применяемый сегодня на территории постсоветского пространства, является уникальным в мировой практике, так как в остальных странах – членах Всемирной организации здравоохранения при установлении МДУ не учитывают потенциального поступления действующего вещества из окружающей среды (вода, воздух). Сделан вывод о том, что применение химических средств защиты растений останется основой обеспечения продовольственной безопасности в обозримом будущем в связи с тем, что это не только экономически эффективно, но и необходимо в условиях увеличения населения при невозможности пропорционально увеличить площадь сельскохозяйственных угодий. Материалом для настоящего обзора послужили преимущественно данные зарубежной литературы, поскольку подобного рода исследования до этого не были опубликованы в отечественной печати, в том числе по причине методической сложности сбора и оценки необходимых данных для Российской Федерации. При поиске информации использовали базы данных SpringerLink, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, РИНЦ и КиберЛенинка.</p><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Масальцев Г.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и анализ данных литературы, написание текста; Вещемова Т.Е. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и анализ данных литературы, написание текста; Ракитский В.Н., Кузьмин С.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Литературный обзор выполнен в рамках отраслевой программы Роспотребнадзора «Научное обоснование национальной системы обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия, управления рисками здоровью и повышения качества жизни населения России» (2021–2025 гг.).</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 01.11.2024 / Поступила после доработки: 27.11.2024 / Принята к печати: 03.12.2024 / Опубликована: 28.12.2024</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The contribution of pesticides to food security from the 1960s and up to 2100, when the Earth’s population, according to United Nations forecasts, will reach a sustainable value of 10.2 billion people, is considered. There are presented international estimates of the effectiveness of pesticides for crop preservation, the economic feasibility of their use. Side effects of pesticide use, such as the development of resistance and non-target drift, are discussed. A brief description of the system developed in the Soviet Union for substantiating hygienic standards for maximum permissible levels of pesticide residues in food products of plant origin, carried out in accordance with the principle of integrated hygienic standardization, which consists in the fact that the possible intake of a drug into the human body with food products, water, and atmospheric air should not exceed the permissible daily dose for an average-sized person is provided. This approach, applied today in the post-Soviet space, is unique in world practice, since in other member countries of the World Health Organization, when establishing maximum permissible levels (MPLs), the potential intake of the active substance from the environment (water, air) is not taken into account. It is concluded that the use of chemical plant protection products will remain the basis for ensuring food security in the foreseeable future since it is not only cost-effective, but also necessary in the context of population growth and the impossibility of proportionally increasing the area of agricultural land.</p><p>The material for this review was mainly data from foreign literature because such analyses have not been published in the domestic press before. One of the reasons for this is the methodological complexity in collecting and evaluating the necessary data for the Russian Federation. When searching for information, the SpringerLink, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, RINTS and CyberLeninka databases were used.</p><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Masaltsev G.V. – concept and design of the study, collection and analysis of literary data, writing the text; Veshchemova T.E. – concept and design of the study, collection and analysis of literary data, writing the text; Rakitskii V.N., Kuzmin S.V. – concept and design of the study. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement.The study was carried out within the framework tof the industry programs of Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) “Scientific justification of the national system for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being, health risk management and improving the quality of life of the population of Russia” (2021–2025).</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: November 1, 2024 / Revised: November 27, 2024 / Accepted: Decembeer 3, 2024 / Published: December 28, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пестицид</kwd><kwd>ксенобиотик</kwd><kwd>продовольственная безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pesticide</kwd><kwd>xenobiotic</kwd><kwd>food security</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO. 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