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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-12-1532-1537</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">tccxnx</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4505</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF HYGIENIC AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Химико-аналитическое обеспечение безопасного применения фунгицида пидифлуметофена в сельскохозяйственной практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chemical and analytical support for the safe use of the fungicide pidiflumetofen in agricultural practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитский</surname><given-names>Валерий Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskiy</surname><given-names>Valery N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель института гигиены, токсикологии пестицидов и химической безопасности ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: vtox@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Academician of the RAS, Scientific Director of the Institute of Hygiene, Pesticide Toxicology and Chemical Safety, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: vtox@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vtox@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7531-1372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагина</surname><given-names>Ирина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragina</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, зам. руководителя Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, 127994, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: bragina_IV@gsen.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Deputy Head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Man Wellbeing, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: bragina_IV@gsen.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bragina_IV@gsen.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1482-6319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарева</surname><given-names>Лидия Георгиевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondareva</surname><given-names>Lydia G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. хим. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. аналитических методов контроля ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: lydiabondareva@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Chemistry), Senior researcher, Department of an analytical control methods, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: lydiabondareva@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lydiabondareva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Наталия Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Nataliia E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, гл. науч. сотр. отд. аналитических методов контроля ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: analyt1@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Biology), Chief Researcher, Department of an analytical control methods, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: analyt1@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">analyt1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1532</fpage><lpage>1537</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ракитский В.Н., Брагина И.В., Бондарева Л.Г., Федорова Н.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ракитский В.Н., Брагина И.В., Бондарева Л.Г., Федорова Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakitskiy V.N., Bragina I.V., Bondareva L.G., Fedorova N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4505">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4505</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Выход на рынок Российской Федерации препаратов на основе пидифлуметофена, хорошо зарекомендовавшего себя в мировой сельскохозяйственной практике в качестве эффективного средства подавления грибов, продуцирующих микотоксины, поставил задачу химико-аналитического обеспечения его безопасного применения.</p><p>Цель исследования состояла в разработке доступных для широкого применения в аналитических лабораториях методик определения остаточных количеств пидифлуметофена в растительной продукции и объектах окружающей среды (вода, почва, воздух) с последующим использованием результатов при оценке безопасности технологии применения пестицида на зерновых культурах.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для измерений применяли метод высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с диодно-матричным детектором. За основу пробоподготовки была взята классическая схема, заключающаяся в экстракции вещества из растительных образцов и почвы смесью ацетонитрила и воды с последующей очисткой экстракта методом твердофазной экстракции (ТФЭ). Концентрирование пробы воды с одновременной её очисткой выполняли на патронах для ТФЭ. Пробы воздуха рабочей зоны отбирали на бумажные фильтры, пробы атмосферного воздуха – на сорбционные трубки XAD-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Подобраны оптимальные условия хроматографического разделения пидифлуметофена: колонка с обращённой фазой (С18), подвижная фаза – ацетонитрил: вода (75 : 25 по объёму), изократический режим, длина волны 230 нм. Использована абсолютная калибровка на растворителе. Градуировочная характеристики линейна в диапазоне концентраций 0,05–0,1 мкг/мл, коэффициент корреляции – более 0,99. Нижний предел определяемых концентраций соответствует установленным гигиеническим нормативам: в зерне и почве – 0,01 мг/кг, соломе – 0,05 мг/кг, воде – 0,001 мг/л, воздухе рабочей зоны – 0,01 мг/м3, атмосферном воздухе – 0,005 мг/м3.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. В исследовании в качестве растительной продукции изучено только зерно колосовых культур (пшеница, ячмень).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанные методики использованы для оценки безопасности технологии применения пестицида на зерновых культурах. Остаточные количества действующего вещества в элементах урожая (зерно, солома) озимой пшеницы и ярового ячменя за двухлетний период наблюдения не обнаружены. Лабораторными исследованиями подтверждено удержание вещества в верхних слоях почвы, что ограничивает его попадание в грунтовые воды. Результаты гигиенической оценки технологии наземного опрыскивания полевых культур показали, что риск для работающих является допустимым.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Ракитский В.Н. – концепция и дизайн исследования; Брагина И.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования; Фёдорова Н.Е. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование; Бондарева Л.Г. – сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 04.11.2024 / Принята к печати: 03.12.2024 / Опубликована: 28.12.2024</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The launch of chemical compositions based on pydiflumetofen, which has already proven itself in global agricultural practice as an effective means of suppressing mycotoxin-producing fungi, on the Russian market has set the task of chemical and analytical support for its safe use.</p><p>The aim of the study was to develop methods for determining residual amounts of pydiflumetofen in plant products and environmental objects (water, soil, air), which would be available for wide implementation in analytical laboratories, with subsequent use to assess the safety of pesticide application technology on grain crops.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. High-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector was used for measurements. The sample preparation was based on the classical scheme, which consists of extracting the substance from plant samples and soil with a mixture of acetonitrile and water, followed by purification of the extract using solid-phase extraction (SPE). Concentration of the water sample with its simultaneous purification was performed on SPE cartridges. Sampling of air from the working area was performed using paper filters, and atmospheric air was sampled using XAD-2 sorption tubes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The optimal conditions for the chromatographic separation of pydiflumetofen were selected: a column with a reversed phase (C18), the mobile phase is acetonitrile: water (75:25, by volume), the mode is isocratic, the wavelength is 230 nm. Absolute calibration on a solvent was used. The calibration characteristic is linear in the concentration range of 0.05–0.1 µg/ml, the correlation coefficient is more than 0.99. The lower limit of the detectable concentrations (in grain and soil 0.01 mg/kg, straw – 0.05 mg/kg, water – 0.001 mg/L, air of the working area – 0.01 mg/m3, atmospheric air – 0.005 mg/m3) corresponds to the established hygienic standards.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. In the study, only cereal grains (wheat, barley) were considered as plant products.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed methods were used to assess the safety of the pesticide application technology on grain crops. No residual amounts of the active substance were detected in the elements of the crop (grain, straw) of winter wheat and spring barley over a two-year observation period. Laboratory studies have confirmed the substance to be retained in the upper layers of soil, which limits its penetration into groundwater. The results of the hygienic assessment of the technology of ground spraying of field crops showed the risk to workers to be acceptable.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require a biomedical ethics committee opinion.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Rakitskiy V.N. — concept and design of the study; Bragina I.V. — concept and design of the study; Bondareva L.G. — collection and processing of material, writing the text, editing; Fedorova N.E. — concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing the text, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: November 4, 2024 / Accepted: December 3, 2024 / Published: December 28, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пидифлуметофен</kwd><kwd>зерновые культуры</kwd><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>воздух</kwd><kwd>метод определения</kwd><kwd>высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография</kwd><kwd>ультрафиолетовый детектор на диодной матрице</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pydiflumetofen</kwd><kwd>grain crops</kwd><kwd>soil</kwd><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>air</kwd><kwd>determination method</kwd><kwd>high-performance liquid chromatography</kwd><kwd>ultraviolet detector on a diode matrix</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thambugala K.M., Daranagama D.A., Phillips A.J.L., Kannangara S.D., Promputtha I. 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